9 Health Quarter 1 – Module 2: Community and Environmental Health Health – Grade 9 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1 – Module 1: Community and Environmental Health First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Development Team of the Module Writers: Elvie Saraum Editors: Reviewers: Illustrator: Name Layout Artist: AJ Ghail P. Sato Subject Area Supervisor: Rey Philip Nacario Management Team: Ronald G. Gutay, Allan B. Matin-aw, Mary Jane J. Powao Aquilo A. Rentillosa, Cristina T. Remocaldo ADM Coordinator: Ryan B. Redoblado Printed in the Philippines by ________________________ Department of Education – Department of Education Region VII Office Address: Telefax: E-mail Address: Department of Education- Carcar City Division (Learning Resources Management Section_____________________________________ P. Nellas St., Poblacion III, Carcar City, Cebu__________________ (032)4878495___________________________________________ carcarcitydivision@yahoo.com______________________________ 9 Health Quarter 1 – Module 1: Community and Environmental Health Introductory Message For the facilitator: Welcome to the Health 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Community and Environmental Health! This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling. This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances. In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module: Notes to the Teacher This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners. As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module. For the learner: Welcome to the Science 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Community and Environmental Health The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands! This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to learn in the module. What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module. What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one. What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation. What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills. What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module. What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson. What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help you transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or concerns. Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the learning competency. Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned. This also tends retention of learned concepts. Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module. At the end of this module you will also find: References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module. The following are some reminders in using this module: 1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises. 2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the module. 3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task. 4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. 5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next. 6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it! What I Need to Know Community health problems are common nowadays with the rise in modern technology; people neglect the importance of the basic need for safety. A safe environment will ensure quality of life that will lead to more productive citizen of the country. This lesson will help you understand that one environment is threatened by human activities and that you have a role in wiping out community health problems After going through this module, you are expected to: • Explains how a healthy environment positively impact the health of people and communities (less disease, less health care cost, etc). (H9CE-Ib-d10) (MELCs-week 2-4) • Discusses the nature of environmental issues. (H9CEIb-d-11) • Analyzes the effects of environmental issues on people’s health. (H9CE-Ie-f-13) What I Know PRE-ASSESSMENT Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper. 1. This refers to leftover vegetables, animal, fish and other food materials from the kitchen and establishments. a. Dead animals b. garbage b. c. rubbish d. yard cuttings 2. The proper disposal of a discarded or discharged material in accordance with local environmental guidelines or laws. a. Waste disposal b. garbage c. Waste Management d. rubbish 3. According to RA no. 9003, there are many ways to do Solid Waste Management . what is the recommended formula? a. Recap, repack, reload b. Rebuild, restructure, redevelop c. Reduce, reuse, recycle d. Relieve, report, revolve 4. The following are common health problems that occurs in the community, except a. Human excreta and sewage b. Waste disposal c. food sanitation d. d.leisure and entertainment 5. Are waste materials such as bottles, broken glass, tin cans, waste papers, discarded porcelain wares, pieces of metal and other wrapping materials. a. Dead animals b. garbage b. c. rubbish d. yard cuttings Lesson 2 Community Health Problems This unit will introduce you to community health problems, to make you aware of the importance of a healthy community. At the end of the lesson, you should be able to: 1. Enumerate the different community health problems 2. Recognize the value produced by a healthy environment to the people 3. Reflect on the possible community health problems that may arise their effects to the community What’s In ALPHABET SOUP There are 23 empty boxes in the middle of the chart below. Write the missing letter in row 11to complete the words. The letter you may add maybe from the beginning, middle or end of the word. All the words are related to community problems. What’s New Different perennial problems happen to the different regions of the country. They vary according to factors like: economy, politics, geography, culture and social context. There are places which experience community health problems like: water-borne and communicable diseases armed conflicts natural disasters highly urbanized zones overpopulated areas In this regard, the government has created an office which would be in charge of planning and implementing rules and regulations to address the above mentioned community health problems. One of its programs is Solid Waste Management Program that helps lessen the amount of refuse in our country. Let’s take a deeper look at its focus of concern. Refuse are the dump, food waste or discarded materials. Refuse Materials by kind, composition and sources KIND COMPOSITION SOURCES Garbage Waste from Households, preparation, restaurants, cooking and institutions, serving of food, stores, markets market wastes, wastes from handling, storage and sale of produce Rubbish Combustible: Same as garbage paper, Same as garbage cartons, boxes, barrels, wood, excelsior, tree branches, yard trimmings, wood furniture, bedding, dunnage Non-combustible: metals, tin cans, metal furniture, dirt, glass, crockery, minerals Ashes Residue from fires used for cooking and heating and from on-site incineration Same as garbage Street Refuse Sweepings, dirt, Streets, leaves, catch-basin sidewalks, alleys, dirt, contents of vacant lots litter receptacles Dead Animals Cats, dogs, horses, cows Same as street refuse Abandoned Vehicles Unwanted cars and trucks left on public property Same as street refuse Industrial wastes Food-processing wastes, boiler house cinders, lumber scraps, metal scraps, shavings Factories, power plants Demolition wastes Lumber, pipes, bricks, masonry, and other construction materials from razed buildings and other structures Construction Scrap lumber, Wastes pipes, other construction materials Demolition sites to be used for new buildings, renewal projects, expressways Special Wastes Household, hotels, hospitals, institutions, stores, industry Hazardous solids and liquids: explosives, pathological New construction, remodeling wastes, radioactive materials, batteries Sewage treatment residue Solids from coarse Sewage treatment screening and from plants, septic grit chambers; tanks septic-tank sludge Source: Tan, Galvez, et.al. (2009).The Health Curriculum in Philippine Basic Education. Vol. 2: A Resource Book for Teachers. Quezon City: UNACOM, Social and Human Sciences Committee Here’s more for your memory bank! Garbage refers to leftover vegetables, animal, fish and other food materials from the kitchen and establishments. Rubbish are waste materials such as bottles, broken glass, tin cans, waste papers, discarded porcelain wares, pieces of metal and other wrapping materials. Dead animals are lifeless dogs, cats, rats, pigs, chicken and other animals which die from diseases or accidents. Stable Manure includes animal wastes from barns, stables or the like. Street Night soil consists of human waste, normally wrapped and thrown into sidewalks and streets. It also includes human waste from the pail system. Yard Cuttings are those leaves, branches, grass, and other similar materials made during cleaning of gardens and typhoon aftermaths. Source: Gonzales, C., Lacia G., Poquiz, ML., Bulanandi, S., Callo, F. (2008) MAPEH in Action III. Philippines: Rex Book Store Waste Disposal is the proper disposal of a discarded or discharged material in accordance with local environmental guidelines or laws. Solid Waste Management refers to the discipline associated with the: control of generation storage collection transfer and transport processing disposal of solid waste The preceding definition of solid waste states in accordance with the best principles of: public health economics engineering conservation aesthetics public attitude According to RA No. 9003, there are many ways to do Solid Waste Management. A highly recommended formula is to adopt the 3Rs of Ecological Waste Management: REDUCE, REUSE, AND RECYCLE. In addition, let us refrain from doing what has been prohibited under the law. These include: Littering, throwing, dumping of waste materials in public places like roads, sidewalks, canals, esteros, parks and establishments Open burning of solid waste; Allowing the collection of non-segregated or unsorted waste; Squatting in open dumps and landfills; Open dumping or burying of biodegradable and nonbiodegradable materials in flood-prone areas; Unauthorized removal of recyclable materials intended for collection by authorized persons; Mixing of source-separated recyclable materials with other solid wastes in any vehicle, box, container or receptacle used in solid waste collection or disposal; Manufacture, distribution or use of non-environmentally acceptable packaging materials; Establishment or operation of open dumps; and Importation of consumer products packaged in nonenvironmentally acceptable materials. What is It Catch and Match Column A lists the different kinds of refuse. Write down examples of these refuse. Choose from the box below. Leftover food, Empty bottle, Dead dog, Residue from fires, Metal scraps, Construction materials, Cigarette butts, Unwanted cars, Dead batteries, Septic tank sludge Kinds of Refuse Rubbish Sewage Treatment residue Business wastes Abandoned Automobiles Incinerator Residue Garbage Dead Animals Street Sweepings Special Waste Demolition Materials Examples What’s More Identify-Classify Fill in the missing parts of the chart. Item number 1 is given to you for your guide. Kinds of Solid Waste Examples of Waste Ways of Disposal Composting Tin cans Sanitary Landfill Used diapers Recycling Used newspapers Garbage Treatment Method Rubbish Damaged Television Treatment Method What I Have Learned As a student, you have a role in the promotion of a healthy environment especially in your household, school and community, this is your chance to help eradicate community problems by completing the following statements. 1. I will promote proper disposal of refuse in our household by ____________________. 2. I will promote proper disposal of refuse in our schools by _______________________. 3. I will promote proper disposal of refuse on our community by____________________. What I Can Do Picture Analysis Examine the picture below. Reflect on the possible community health problems that may arise from this scenario and enumerate their effects on your community. Photo Credit: http://www.denr.gov.ph/ Assessment Part 1 Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper. 1. This refers to leftover vegetables, animal, fish and other food materials from the kitchen and establishments. a. Dead animals b. garbage c. rubbish d. yard cuttings 2. The proper disposal of a discarded or discharged material in accordance with local environmental guidelines or laws. a. Waste disposal b. garbage c. Waste Management d. rubbish 3. According to RA no. 9003, there are many ways to do Solid Waste Management . what is the recommended formula? a. Recap, repack, reload c. Reduce, reuse, recycle b. Rebuild, restructure, redevelop d. Relieve, report, revolve 4. The following are common health problems that occurs in the community, except a. Human excreta and sewage c. food sanitation b. Waste disposal d. leisure and entertainment 5. Are waste materials such as bottles, broken glass, tin cans, waste papers, discarded porcelain wares, pieces of metal and other wrapping materials. c. Dead animals d. yard cuttings Part 2 b. garbage c. rubbish Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if not. 1. There are factors that affects the occurrence of perennial community health problems like, economy, politics, geography, culture and social content. 2. Littering, throwing, dumping of waste materials in public places is allowed by law. 3. Improper waste segregation could not affect the environment and community’s health. 4. REDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLE, is a recommended formula in Solid Waste Management. 5. Open burning waste is prohibited by law. Additional Activities SONG IRONY! The song, “Anak ng Pasig” is a reminder to all Filipinos that we sometimes neglect our environment. People tend to satisfy their needs and wants at the expense of our habitat. The activity Song Irony is based from the song, “Anak ng Pasig”. Compose the irony message of the song “Anak ng Pasig” using the same melody. Turn the negative lyrics into something positive. Smokey Mountain - Anak ng PasigArtist: Smokey MountainFilipino/TagalogA A Anak ng Pasig Ako'y umusbong sa tabi ng Pasig Nagisnan ang ilog na itim ang tubig Lumaking paligid ng bundok na umuusok Langhap na langhap ang amoy ng basurang bulok Ito ang buhay ng anak ng Pasig Pa-swimming swimming sa itim na tubig Anak ng Pasig naman kayo Playground lang ang bundok ng basura mo Tapon doon, tapon dito Musika'y ugong ng kotse at bangka n'yo Di n'yo alam ang tinatapon n'yo Anak ng Pasig naman kayo Ay bukas ko at ng buong mundo Kalat doon, kalat dito Anak ng Pasig naman kayo Natakpan na ang langit kong ito May bukas pa ang ating mundo Nilason din ang Ilog ko Akala ko'y ganoon talaga ang mundo Hanggang nakakita ako ng lumang litrato Di maniwalang Pasig din ang tinitignan ko Kaibigan ano ang nangyari dito (Anong nangyari? Anong nangyari?) Anak ng Pasig naman kayo Kalat doon, kalat dito Natakpan na ang langit kong ito Nilason din ang Ilog ko Anak ng Pasig naman kayo Tapon doon, tapon dito Di n'yo alam ang tinatapon n'yo Ay bukas ko at ng buong mundo Huli na ba ang lahat Patay na ba ang ilog at dagat Kapag Pasig ay pinabayaan Parang bukas ang tinalikuran Anak ng Pasig naman kayo Kalat doon, kalat ditoNatakpan na ang langit kong ito Nilason din ang Ilog ko Assessment 5. True 5. c 4.True 4. d 3.False 3. c 2False 2.a 1.True 1.b 1. b 2. a Pre – Test 4. d 5. c 3. c Answer Key References • • P.E and Health 9 Learning Material Lesson Plan/I-Plan Para sa mga katanungan o puna, sumulat o tumawag sa: Department of Education – Carcar City Division (LRMS) P. Nellas St., Poblacion III, Carcar City, Cebu, Cebu, Philippines Telefax: (032) 77561 Email Address: carcarcitydivision@yahoo.com