BUSINESS ETHICS IN A GLOBAL ECONOMY DEFINITION OF BUSINESS ETHICS The study of the general nature of morals and of specific moral choices; moral philosophy; and the rules or standards governing the conduct of the members of a profession (The American Heritage Dictionary) Etika = ilmu tentang apa yang baik dan apa yang buruk dan tentang hak dan kewajiban moral (akhlak) (KBBI) Moral = (ajaran tentang) baik buruk yang diterima umum mengenai perbuatan, sikap, kewajiban, dan sebagainya; akhlak; budi pekerti; susila (KBBI) WHY STUDY BUSINESS ETHICS There are many crisis in business ethics Business ethics is not merely an extension of an individual’s own personal ethics Professional in any field, must deal with individual’s personal moral dilemmas A business doesn’t establish rules or policies on personal issues A person’s experiences and decisions at home, in school, and in the community may be quite different from his/her experiences and decision at work Studying business ethics will help you begin to identify ethical issues when they arise and recognize the approaches available for resolving them Global Trust in Industry Sectors Source: Edelman Global Deck: 2013 Trust Barometer, http://www.edelman.com/trust-downloads/global-results-2/ (accessed January 30, 2013). 4 Timeline of Ethical and Socially Responsible Concerns 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Environmental issues Employee militancy Bribes and illegal contracting practices Sweatshops and unsafe working conditions in third-world countries Cybercrime Civil rights issues Human rights issues Influence peddling Rising corporate liability for personal damages (cigarette companies) Financial misconduct Increased employeeemployer tension Covering up rather than correcting issues Deceptive advertising Financial mismanagement and fraud Global issues, Chinese product safety Changing work ethic Disadvantaged consumers Financial fraud (savings and loan scandal) Organizational ethical misconduct Sustainability Rising drug use Transparency issues Intellectual property theft Source: Adapted from “Business Ethics Timeline,” Ethics Resource Center , http://www.ethics.org/resource/business-ethics-timeline (accessed June 13, 2013). Copyright © 2006, Ethics Resource Center (ERC). Used with permission of the ERC, 1747 Pennsylvania Ave. N.W., Suite 400, Washington, DC, 2006, www.ethics.org. 5 ORGANIZATIONAL ETHICAL CULTURE ETHICAL CULTURE: ACCEPTABLE BEHAVIOR AS DEFINED BY THE COMPANY AND INDUSTRY CREATES SHARED VALUES AND SUPPORT FOR ETHICAL DECISIONS – DRIVEN BY TOP MANAGEMENT GOAL: Minimize need for enforced compliance Maximize utilization of principles/ethical reasoning in difficult or new situations © 2015 CENGAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. MAY NOT BE COPIED, SCANNED, OR DUPLICATED, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, EXCEPT FOR USE AS PERMITTED IN A LICENSE DISTRIBUTED WITH A CERTAIN PRODUCT OR SERVICE OR OTHERWISE ON A PASSWORD-PROTECTED WEBSITE FOR CLASSROOM USE. 6 Role of Organizational Ethics in Performance 7 ETHICS CONTRIBUTES TO EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT COMMITMENT COMES FROM EMPLOYEES WHO ARE INVESTED IN THE ORGANIZATION AND WILLING TO MAKE PERSONAL SACRIFICES FOR THE ORGANIZATION The more company dedication to ethics, the greater the employee dedication Concerns include a safe work environment, competitive salaries and benefits packages, and fulfillment of contractual obligations 8 ETHICS CONTRIBUTES TO INVESTOR LOYALTY INVESTORS ARE INCREASINGLY INTERESTED IN A COMPANY’S REPUTATION AND RECOGNIZE HOW: ethical culture provides a foundation for efficiency, productivity, and profitability negative publicity, lawsuits, and fines threaten a company’s long-term viability GAINING INVESTORS’ TRUST AND CONFIDENCE IS VITAL TO SUSTAINING FINANCIAL STABILITY 9 ETHICS CONTRIBUTES TO CUSTOMER SATISFACTION CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN A SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS STRATEGY Companies seen to be socially responsible increase customer trust and satisfaction Trust is essential for long-term customer relationships A strong organizational ethical climate places customers’ interests first ETHICAL CONDUCT TOWARD CUSTOMERS BUILDS A STRONG COMPETITIVE POSITION SHOWN TO POSITIVELY AFFECT PERFORMANCE AND INNOVATION © 2015 CENGAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. MAY NOT BE COPIED, SCANNED, OR DUPLICATED, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, EXCEPT FOR USE AS PERMITTED IN A LICENSE DISTRIBUTED WITH A CERTAIN PRODUCT OR SERVICE OR OTHERWISE ON A PASSWORD-PROTECTED WEBSITE FOR CLASSROOM USE. 10 ETHICS CONTRIBUTES TO PROFITS COMPANIES NEED PROFITS IN ORDER TO MEET THEIR RESPONSIBILITIES CORPORATE CONCERN FOR ETHICAL CONDUCT IS BEING INTEGRATED WITH STRATEGIC PLANNING Maximizing profitability ETHICS HAS MOVED FROM BEING A COMPLIANCE STANDARD TO BECOMING AN INTEGRAL PART OF ACHIEVING A COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE © 2015 CENGAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. MAY NOT BE COPIED, SCANNED, OR DUPLICATED, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, EXCEPT FOR USE AS PERMITTED IN A LICENSE DISTRIBUTED WITH A CERTAIN PRODUCT OR SERVICE OR OTHERWISE ON A PASSWORD-PROTECTED WEBSITE FOR CLASSROOM USE. 11