More explanation about next parts in deriving Zoeppritz’s equation: So far we saw: j 0 0 A0 e , 1 A1 e ´1 B1 e j 1 , 2 A2 e j ´1 j 2 , ´2 A 2 e j ´2 where 0 p (x z cot 1 ), 1 p (x z cot 1 ), ´1 p (x z cot 1 ), 2 p (x z cot 2 ) ´2 p (x z cot 2 ) Then, displacement along x and z directions are u1 A 0 e j 0 sin 1 A1 e u2 A2 e w 1 A 0 e j 0 j 1 sin 1 B 1 e j 2 sin 2 B 2 e cos 1 A1 e j 1 A2 e j 2 w2 j ´1 cos 1 j ´2 cos 1 B 1 e cos 2 j ´1 sin 1 j ´2 cos 2 B 2 e sin 2 We apply the boundary conditions (i.e. continuity of displacements and stresses) at the surface (i.e. z=0), so u1 u 2 along x axis w 1 w 2 along z axis zz 1 zz 2 zx 1 zx 2 normal stress shrear stress Since z=0 at the surface u1 u 2 , z 0 A0 e j px A2 e sin 1 A1 e j px j px sin 2 B 2 e sin 1 B 1 e j px j px cos 1 cos 2 A 0 sin 1 A1 sin 1 B 1 cos 1 A 2 sin 2 B 2 cos 2 w 1 w 2 z 0 A 0 e j px A2 e cos 1 A1 e j px j px cos 2 B 2 e cos 1 B 1 e j px sin 2 A 0 cos 1 A1 cos 1 B 1 sin 1 A 2 cos 2 B 2 sin 2 j px sin 1 Remember Lame’s relations ii 2 ii ( xx yy zz ) 2 ii ij ij and we had u x v y w z yy zz v u x y w v y z u w z x xy yx xx and yz zy zx xz It is clear that we have no displacement in y directions, so the strains related to y-direction are zero. Hence, the third and the fourth boundary conditions for normal and shear stress can be rewritten as zz ,i i ( xx ,i zz ,i ) 2i zz ,i zz ,1 1 ( xx ,1 zz ,1 ) 21 zz ,1 zx ,i i xz ,i u w w zz ,1 1 ( 1 1 ) 2 1 1 x z z u w 2 w 2 zz ,2 2 ( 2 ) 22 x z z u1 w 1 x z w 2 u zx ,2 1 xz ,2 2 2 x z Shear stress continuity : zx ,1 zx ,2 zx ,1 1 xz ,1 1 normal stress continuity : zz ,1 zz ,2 u1 w 1 u 2 w 2 2 x x z z w 1 w 2 w 2 u1 w 1 u 2 2 2 1 22 z z z z x x 1 1 Next we obtain all derivatives for the normal stress continuity u1 A 0 e j 0 sin 1 A1 e j 1 sin 1 B 1 e j ´1 cos 1 x x u1 A 0 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) sin 1 A1 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) sin 1 B 1 e p ( x z cot 1 ) cos 1 x x u1 j p A 0 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) sin 1 A1 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) sin 1 B 1 e p ( x z cot 1 ) cos 1 x In the incidence po int z 0, x 0 so u1 j p A 0 sin 1 A1 sin 1 B 1 cos 1 x (And this is why Sherrif and Geldart say we may assume that !) w 1 A 0 e j 0 cos 1 A1 e j 1 cos 1 B 1 e j ´1 sin 1 z z w 1 A 0 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) cos 1 A1 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) cos 1 B 1 e j p ( x z cot 1 )sin 1 z z w 1 j p A 0 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) cot 1 cos 1 A1 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) cot 1 cos 1 B 1 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) cot 1 sin 1 z In the incidence po int z 0, x 0 so w 1 remember: cot cos/sin j p A 0 cot 1 cos 1 A1 cot 1 cos 1 B 1 cot 1 sin 1 z w 1 j p A 0 cot 1 cos 1 A1 cot 1 cos 1 B 1 cos 1 z u 2 A 2 e j 2 sin 2 B 2 e j ´2 cos 2 x x u 2 A 2 e j p ( x z cot 2 ) sin 2 B 2 e j p ( x z cot 2 ) cos 2 x x u 2 j p A 2 e j p ( x z cot 2 ) sin 2 B 2 e j p ( x z cot 2 ) cos 2 x In the incidence po int z 0, x 0 so u 2 j p A 2 sin 2 B 2 cos 2 x w 2 A 2 e j 2 cos 2 B 2 e j ´2 sin 2 z z w 2 A 2 e j p ( x z cot 2 ) cos 2 B 2 e j p ( x z cot 2 )sin 2 z z w 2 j p A 2 e j p ( x z cot 2 ) cot 2 cos 2 B 2 e j p ( x z cot 2 ) cot 2 sin 2 z In the incidence po int z 0, x 0 so w 2 remember cot cos/sin j p A 2 cot 2 cos 2 B 2 cot 2 sin 2 z w 2 j p A 2 cot 2 cos 2 B 2 cos 2 z After substituting the derivatives in the normal stress continuity boundary conditions: normal stress continuity condition : w 1 w 2 w 2 u1 w 1 u 2 2 2 1 22 x z z x z z After substituding the obtained derivitives 1 1 j p A 0 sin 1 A1 sin 1 B 1 cos 1 A 0 cot 1 cos 1 A1 cot 1 cos 1 B 1 cos 1 2 1 j p A 0 cot 1 cos 1 A1 cot 1 cos 1 B 1 cos 1 2 j p A 2 sin 2 B 2 cos 2 A 2 cot 2 cos 2 B 2 cos 2 drop j p 2 2 j p A 2 cot 2 cos 2 B 2 cos 2 1 A 0 sin 1 A1 sin 1 B 1 cos 1 A 0 cot 1 cos 1 A1 cot 1 cos 1 B 1 cos 1 2 1 A 0 cot 1 cos 1 A1 cot 1 cos 1 B 1 cos 1 2 A 2 sin 2 B 2 cos 2 A 2 cot 2 cos 2 B 2 cos 2 2 2 A 2 cot 2 cos 2 B 2 cos 2 1 A 0 sin 1 A1 sin 1 B 1 cos 1 1 21 A 0 cot 1 cos 1 A1 cot 1 cos 1 B1 cos 1 2 A 2 sin 2 B 2 cos 2 2 2 2 A 2 cot 2 cos 2 B 2 cos 2 rewriting : A 0 1 sin 1 1 21 cot 1 cos 1 A1 1 sin 1 1 21 cot 1 cos 1 B 1 1 cos 1 1 2 1 cos 1 A 2 2 sin 2 2 2 2 cot 2 cos 2 B 2 2 cos 2 2 2 2 cos 2 A 0 A1 1 sin 1 1 21 cot 1 cos 1 B1 21 cos 1 A 2 2 sin 2 2 2 2 cot 2 cos 2 B 2 2 2 cos 2 The last equation again can be rewritten as A 0 A1 1 sin 1 1 21 cot 1 cos 1 B1 21 cos 1 A 2 2 sin 2 2 2 2 cot 2 cos 2 B 2 22 cos 2 A 0 A1 1 sin 1 1 21 cos 2 1 B 1 2 1 cos 1 sin 1 cos 2 2 A 2 2 sin 2 2 2 2 B 2 2 2 cos 2 sin 2 A 0 A1 1 sin 1 1 21 1 sin 2 1 B 1 2 1 cos 1 sin 1 1 sin 2 2 A 2 2 sin 2 2 2 2 B 2 2 2 cos 2 sin 2 1 21 21 sin 2 1 B 1 2 1 cos 1 sin 1 2 22 22 sin 2 2 A 2 B 2 2 2 cos 2 sin 2 A 0 A1 ( Remembering that P-wave velocity ) , S-wave velocity ( ) and general Snell’s law sin 0 1 sin 1 1 sin 1 1 sin 2 2 sin 2 2 p 1 21 21 sin 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 sin 2 2 B 1 21 cos 1 A 2 B 2 22 cos 2 sin 1 sin 2 A 0 A1 i 2 i i i , i i i ,sin i p i 2 2 112 2 112 sin 2 1 2 22 2 2 22 sin 2 2 2 2 B 1 2 11 cos 1 A 2 B 2 2 2 2 cos 2 p s in i 2 A 0 A1 sin 0 sin 1 sin 1 sin 2 sin 2 p 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 sin 1 sin 2 2 2 112 2 112 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 A 0 A1 B 1 2 111 cos 1 A 2 B 2 2 2 2 2 cos 2 p i sin 2 sin 0 sin 1 sin 1 sin 2 sin 2 p 1 1 1 2 2 112 2 112 sin 2 1 2 22 2 2 22 sin 2 2 sin 1 sin 1 B 2 cos A cos 2 B 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 p1 p p 2 p A 0 A1 2 1 2sin 2 1 sin 1 cos 1 sin 2 cos 2 2 1 2sin 2 2 B A 22 2B 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 p1 p p 2 p A 0 A1 112 1 sin cos sin 2 & cos 2 1 2sin 2 2 2 1 1 sin 21 sin 2 2 cos 21 cos 2 2 2 2 11B 1 A 2 2 2 22 2B 2 2 A 0 A1 11 p p p p cancelling p A 0 A1 11 cos 21 11B1 sin 21 A 2 2 2 cos 2 2 2 2 B 2 sin 21 Z i i i & W i i i A 0 A1 Z i cos 21 W 1B1 sin 21 A 2 Z i cos 2 2 W 2 B 2 sin 21 The last equation is the third Zoepritiz’s equation. The fourth Zoepritz’s equation can be derived similarly using the shear stress continuity condition Shear stress continuity : zx ,1 zx ,2 u1 w 1 u 2 w 2 2 x x z z 1 Follow similar ways as we used for the third one to obtain the fourth equation u1 A 0 e j 0 sin 1 A1 e j 1 sin 1 B 1 e j ´1 cos 1 z z u1 A 0 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) sin 1 A1 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) sin 1 B 1 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) cos 1 z z u1 j p A 0 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) cot 1 sin 1 A1 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) cot 1 sin 1 B 1 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) cot 1 cos 1 z In the incidence po int z 0, x 0 so u1 j p A 0 cot 1 sin 1 A1 cot 1 sin 1 B1 cot 1 cos 1 z u1 j p A 0 cos 1 A1 cos 1 B 1 cot 1 cos 1 z w 1 A 0 e j 0 cos 1 A1 e j 1 cos 1 B 1 e j ´1 sin 1 x x w 1 A 0 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) cos 1 A1 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) cos 1 B 1 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) sin 1 x x w 1 j p A 0 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) cos 1 A1 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) cos 1 B 1 e j p ( x z cot 1 ) sin 1 x In the incidence po int z 0, x 0 so w 1 j p A 0 cos 1 A1 cos 1 B 1 sin 1 x u 2 z u 2 z u 2 z In the u 2 z A2 e z A2 e z j 2 j p ( x z cot 2 ) j p A 2 e sin 2 B 2 e j ´2 cos 2 sin 2 B 2 e j p ( x z cot 2 ) j p ( x z cot 2 ) cot 2 sin 2 B 2 e incidence po int z 0, x 0 so j p A 2 cos 2 B 2 cot 2 cos 2 cos 2 j p ( x z cot 2 ) cot 2 cos 2 w 2 A 2 e j 2 cos 2 B 2 e j ´2 sin 2 x x w 2 A 2 e j p ( x z cot 2 ) cos 2 B 2 e j p ( x z cot 2 ) sin 2 x x w 2 j p A 2 e j p ( x z cot 2 ) cos 2 B 2 e j p ( x z cot 2 ) sin 2 x In the incidence po int z 0, x 0 so w 2 j p A 2 cos 2 B 2 sin 2 x Next we substitute the derivatives in the shear stress condition Shear stress continuity : zx ,1 zx ,2 u1 w 1 u 2 w 2 2 x x z z 1 1 j p A 0 cos 1 A1 cos 1 B 1 cot 1 cos 1 A 0 cos 1 A1 cos 1 B1 sin 1 2 j p A 2 cos 2 B 2 cot 2 cos 2 A 2 cos 2 B 2 sin 2 1 A 0 A1 cos 1 B 1 cot 1 cos 1 A 0 A1 cos 1 B 1 sin 1 2 A 2 cos 2 B 2 cot 2 cos 2 A 2 cos 2 B 2 sin 2 1 2 A 0 A1 cos 1 B 1 cot 1 cos 1 sin 1 2 2A 2 cos 2 B 2 cot 2 cos 2 sin 2 left sin 1 , right sin 2 1 2 A0 A1 cos 1 sin 1 B1 sin 1 cot 1 cos 1 sin 1 sin 1 sin 1 2 2A 2 cos 2 sin 2 B 2 sin 2 cot 2 cos 2 sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 i i i cot cos/sin , cos 2 sin 2 cos 2 1 2 A0 A1 cos 1 sin 1 B1 cos 21 sin 1 2 2A 2 cos 2 sin 2 B 2 cos 2 2 sin 2 1 2 A0 A1 cos 1 sin 1 B1 sin 1 cot 1 cos 1 sin 1 sin 1 sin 1 2 2A 2 cos 2 sin 2 B 2 sin 2 cot 2 cos 2 sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 i i i cot cos/sin 1 sin 1 cos 2 sin 2 cos 2 , 2 A 0 A1 cos 1 sin 1 B 1 cos 21 2 2A 2 cos 2 sin 2 B 2 cos 2 2 sin 2 i i i2 , sin 0 sin 1 sin 1 sin 2 sin 2 p 1 1 1 2 2 112 2 A0 A1 cos 1 sin 1 B1 cos 21 p 1 2 22 2A 2 cos 2 sin 2 B 2 cos 2 2 p 2 sin 0 sin 1 sin 1 sin 2 sin 2 p 1 1 1 2 2 sin i i sin i i 1 2 A 0 A1 cos 1 sin 1 B 1 cos 21 1 2 2 2 2A 2 cos 2 2 sin 2 B 2 cos 2 2 p 2 2 112 p 1 11 1 2 A 0 A1 cos 1 sin 1 1 1 B 1 cos 21 p 1 p 2 2 2 2A 2 cos 2 sin 2 2 2 B 2 cos 2 2 p 2 2 p 2 W i i i & cancelling p & sin(2i ) 2 cosi sin i 1 W A 0 A1 sin(21 ) W 1B 1 cos 21 1 1 2 W 2 A 2 sin(2 2 ) W 2 B 2 cos 2 2 2 So finally we have 4 Zoepritz’s equations A 0 A1 sin 1 B1 cos 1 A 2 sin 2 B 2 cos 2 A 0 A1 cos 1 B1 sin 1 A 2 cos 2 B 2 sin 2 A 0 A1 Z i cos 21 W 1B1 sin 21 A 2 Z i cos 2 2 W 2 B 2 sin 21 1 W A 0 A1 sin(21 ) W 1B 1 cos 21 1 1 2 W 2 A 2 sin(2 2 ) W 2 B 2 cos 2 2 2