I realize that, no matter how careful I have endeavored to be, occasional errors may still exist. I should be grateful if you would be kind enough to notify me a3 you discover them either in the book or in this manual. Sincerely, David K. Cheng Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Syracuse University Syracuse, NY (For the use of instructors only.) 13210 -roduced by Addison-Wesley from camera-ready copy supplied by the lhor. I'yright 0 1983 by ·AddiRon-Wealey Publishing Company. Inc. I rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced. Ired in a retrieval sY8tem~ran.mitlted, in any form or by any Ins, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, lhout the prior written permi8sion of the publisher. Printed in . United States of America. Published simultaneously in Canada. N 0-201.10129.1 FGHIJ·AL-89818 .. A note to instructors using FIELD AND WAVE ELECTROHAGNETICS. Dear Colleague: As teachers of introductory electromagnetics, we are all aware of two facts: that most students consider the subject matter difficult and that there are numerous books on the market dealing with this subject. It is understandable that s~udents find electromagnetics difficult. First of all, the subject matter is buil t upon abstract models that demand a good mathematical background. Second, before the course on electromagnetics, students who have studied circuit theory normally encounter functions of only one independent variable, namely, time' whereas 1n electromagnetics they are suddenly required to deal'with functions of four variables (space and time). This is a big transition, and visualization problems associated with solid geometry add to the difficulty. Finally, students are often confused about the way the subject matter Is developed, even after they have completed the course, mainly because most books do not provide a unified and comprehensible approach. As I point out in the Preface of the book, the inductive approach of beginning with the various experimental laws tends to be fragmented and lacks cohesiveness, whereas the practice of writing the four general Maxwell's equations at the outset without discussing their necessity and sufficiency presents a major stumbling block for learning. Students are often puzzled about the structure of the electromagnetic model. I sincerely believe that the gradual axiomatic approach based on Helmholtz's theorem used in this book provides unity in the gradational development of the electromagnetic model from the very simple model for electrostatics. Although a rigorous mathematical proof of Helmholtz's theorem is relatively involved (not included in the book), the physical concept of specifying both the flow source and the vortex (circulation) source in order to define a vector field is Quite simple. Many review ~Destlons are provided at the end of each chapter. They are deSigned to review and reinforce the essential material 1n the chapter without the need for a calculator. You may wish to use them as a vehicle for discussion in class. I have tried to.m~ke the problems in each chapter meaningfUl and to avoid trlvlal number-plu~1ng types. This solutions manual gives the solutions and answers to all the problems'in the book. I hope it proves to be a useful aid in teaching from the book. Answers to odd-numbered problems are included in the back of the book. Cho p #-. " 2 { CIt J 4- a: _A_._ i ... T J A A +:i =:r2 11 .. A·a· (<<I} 8 = cos-I(A-iIAs) Aa (t) - =-(A"4 .z-~3) y -'41 = 1,&."1,,,,1 -Iii (.6) IA-il-li" "'4,'ee) I rs: - Q&J .z'.. (-3)'" , Iii • 0+ J.(-4) + (-3)- -It c: ctll-'(-I'//ifIFi):'la~.s· A-ac = A· eC - A -,,',h 2.. (~s -4..1) .... lv,,' A JI C- -4.. of - Ay IJ - ~/O C,) A. 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J,'r-.c.licm til c Ju:~efcr p 7-2 -1s 7- P.7-f #11 x: 7 ~J.Js --I~(vJ(A).Ji .. -.i~A.Ji ~f r at 's ~, K -~ J US ($1r,o"-t - }""')'fO-' J-.f i· cli i,,~r•• s""1 J J'4. , 3 CD$(S1r/o"t - · (7) J?1X-)fO·'.(~ 0.1 J,,) - - :.~ ~,n(s",o'-t - O~f..".)-s;n$".".,o"t}/o~ (W£) ii--d~J8.Ji - 45 [COS(T7'fO"t-Oo.tr)-C.OS.s1rfO't.] (v) I- _..::l!:..... I.~ II rcol(S1rlo"t-(J.4,,)-co~S7Tlo'tl 2R. :IS - 4) B - 0. 211) $"" {-a. 2..,,) - f. ,'s""(~"'D"t-D.271) .- -a, P 7) 3 sin (S1J IO"t - &!sinlAJt % r- .-.l 8·d$ (A) - a, .o 1-.J]" &I;/nu!j'l'.tI( t : !-JJr_{f,Pjl:''''~!JJ,-J/,,(-!J.~#tl» J= f 2.,.,.r· ~ Z. I ..,-- U- •- R 1;"" V", ,.s.,t 34 J cI$DQ,Z%dr., Z"T1"• {If - fln (.Ii -IIJ)cos ~t [Ji -In en 41)] ~,_. _.if.. Z I v:.M 1- n&IlIJb fZ." .. O.047ZI'l.ZWJ, (V). Z-.Jlf r'4ff)- rj . b) I("AI r &IJ"iltllJt. 11 Js-erflw lrl i (J<#r;)r·~U't 4, (/·itJ - J-I,u11Nlt. r1."4-~)l 1.l!li)_{ib J V3~ lz I' "Jj; n'-'''n! J' r v,.,-; ~~.., 1/(f'~)/fl(:4~)-JiI • o. 04' 9P. I Wb (v). From probl.m P. b-30: ~J- -V .. 1'0I (sin c.Jt)(cI-}c/C h0 -!if - -1"0 1 wt.os t.oJtJ(d-1d'-b') ~ i CQ~ wt ..... _ Iv... !'!.oIfIJ(cI..,J;jqi) Jl. a - /iR. - _ I b) ./i.R."3J&IO-l /"ow{J-Ida-b-) .,~ , .,(0.2.) Q:T - n. ..OJ 41.2· . 7-' -- P. JS _ 3./ilfto-' """i'(~""o).D.DU.z -0.234 (;.4). 1-7 T4f«, +/'11. J"vII';9cnuz 0& £,. (7-l1a.): fj·(VJcE) ----.. f? --k{v.K)- 0 IromE,.f2-IJ1) 8 == f (X 1J z) Which /s 10 hold - J '" wlt.""~r IJ fZ~;$fs or not; Itcnc. f(%ly,~)""ul,.veAnj.shanc/ veK-O. S;m,i/arly ~ f4k. fh. c!ivllrgenea 01 £". (7-.J7h): af all f,mu tlvtl'ywhere v- (VIC H)~ v-j ., tr (V-D) == 0 - - ~f +k(i-iiJ ,lro_£9' (7-J1) -----... v- D .. .f. 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Hen U. fhc boundary C4JnJ/+irHU lor rh« norm.1 Ctlmponcnf~ 01 s, whicJ, arG o!JfalncJ-rrDWt v-a-o" ar e not: indtlpcndenf of -/-h'" bounJary ConJ,./-ionJ I'or fha. f-an!}tlnfiQI COtnponcnl. of E ~ which a,." obf~/n.cI P.1-f:l £,. I'rom V J( £ == - b) S/m;/Clr~ I .lL. ~t fhe hound,;,,)' CornpoTMn/:s of D COnd//-r"ons ar« nof indtLptlnJll.nf 01 -Ihosa for t-h. +Qn.,cnlr~1 CtJrnpon_rt/s 01 VAryin, CA$tl. ~ Jv!....clium 1.: Fr"" spac .. j H~ mas} be zero SD f/,al - Qn.z It H,· 0 "".. Jiuw,2: 8" is nof if /n fh" ft'me,- /"-l-oo. in+inif-•. 8ft , = Bn l an~.It (~- q)-.J; 1.1-14 -kJr .,I,e normol j £,,- £'1· l,(z.t)-~o.OJ.Ii" fO'n-{f- f).ii.4ID.f)Ji"bi/~(f-%'t)J E,. (Z,t) - ~D. D4 COl [t06,,{t - t )-11-Ile[O.•fi~.i"',,(~-z"Jl Pheasors: £" -t, .,l... ~ [D.OJ-e-i ."n + O.04 e-;,,/J j - ii. [-jf). f)J., (tltl2 -)..0.025)) =s, (0. Eo P. 7-" II: 0.0&. , • AJff! • - L V' V - r: ~t C 0" e-":") = ~ E. ei~ = -1.17 rlAJ. or - 1l. ,~ IN,·,1t II(.Q t) =L ~ vJV_L~_-.L. &A' We heed , ~ta / 4"..}u' lit ··.Uu) do • ~ v. V e- ijlff)- ~ V'I +,V l (f ) +2(fJ/). v{f ) . , »« {Fo r mu I4 : Vz Cf9J- fl • g}-, Va, "fV} "2(VfJ-lv9~ Let J. t -1jU1l. -t -Il/u~. r(~-I{f-Il/u.) V'/f.) ) _.L u' J', d'J - L!1l. UR- d~ J 37 -'f') r R • -4wQ{A ). V P, 7-11 V It l =: -u ~H r: ~t V · -;i :. 1.. c (l) <V V· H = 0 :t :!)· V w Q): V K V £ - -j-A (1 + € - F;~ ~ _ ~"£ v- (Ve£)v £ - -P~tj+f'£ ~tl· I( Wavc c9uQhiJn lor £: VI( (V: v·£ -p£ ;:~ =p ;r +~ VJr V1tii- VI('j +-€cf~ (VNE). -(- - I"iJR - v-r -/'l~"Hi. ~lR V V·H)- v Wave 1l9 1J t:if i tJn lo,. H : VJH-P'~ --Vl(y. For S'-nLiSOidQI Ii",. clepcncl«nc . : ~ --.j"-,, He!m""lfz's e1u a -l"" ns : ( for phQlor~) fP jj + U'J'E jj- - r- H=- -'- V jlAl"" '" -*. £ - /is ~ (-w'J. V IE + i4J'p~ £ == jUjJT + iiy 0.' .sin (ton») cos(,.,,/Ott-~%) Us. pJ,GIOI'I: i' ti a- P. 7-/1 vr, , i- - - J'wp. ~ O fi}f tv~ 7. (vi",) 1 L 11 n£y 0 [jj.jo.~ Sin (/0" It) + ii~ O.f(/~")COI(I(J1TXJ] .-J,l.Z(l) i =J!;;~ fiJlH =4y Cd~fo {('07f)'-t~lls;n{fo",,) ii,~ JI (!) PhasiIr lor" fDr given £ ; K =. Q'y 0./ sin (fO"X) ~-;}z. (IO.")ao#,,a,.tAJjJ.'o-4007l~ lfjuallng (j)allJ(j): .'. P -·/Joo n -/o/j." - $4.4 (rae/1m). Re (H ..i Ctl t ) From (i)" H(--J;ljt) - • -a.1. 30.... 10.4 S;,,(IO"x.> c.os{,,,,o',-r4.4i) - d z 1.JJ k 10"" coS(fO"~) t"" (6" lo't -54.4.1), (AIM) (AIm). HC'JI."Zjt) - ay2 CQs(IS"")si,,(6,,,O't- '1.) P.7-f9 PhQsor: H - Gy 2 Cos {IS1T¥)e:i l " f,J I " .,. (/~Trj =- W:;.u.f" - '''''0 J (-).--,-0')-, fl~ -= 400 1fl- 2.2S 11& - f1S r a I { ~ =/3.111-41.' £ == .L: v- H Ic.1c. t:,} W4.. :=J - . (-Q• (ralll",)· ~H¥ + 4- ~H,K) ~z • ~x, - -j' [-~jl} Cos (ISnz,)-a. J01l s/" (fn,x)] illS = i [-a. 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W~.'. -= ;::;, - ~ - o.tos At t -J.,O-1 ( 6) , w~ CrQd/m}. ,..,ul,.. IO?1T(J.'O-J)-.J~Y+: -tn7l+JjI n:O.I.1..':: -1~olt-1.S (hi'. y 81.1t h) (rJ; 4 ~ - A. £ - ? it #I Let Clf- ~~ ~ & Jt '0 .: y - 22. S :t nA/Z (M). 4" :II -:-If .. l.s(), ./0-' COI(to'"t - ~ r + .. 1) (V~,' ,,_/ wi -lea. e; · £,. = s,,,. (m). £- ii.,£",sinfl( + .,£.Sin(tlH'/r) -4xE".+ ~Ey. !.x S' I £ . " mCr4+YJ-s/"eccDJf+cos4s/nyr Ie - ; : Cos '" +/ ' - rt.f r . Sill . '?.-" ~ . v"0l~ CDS t \1. (, .s;\ sin'", ( .!x.. e: - .s: £,. I £;j I.. £r _\1+( £. _,J_2~~_f, l e:. . Sift r) £. 4/" vI E,.E.. Sllt',vvhich is the ~fuQliDn of an 4/lijJse. I,. Ord., 10 "'."J Ih", /,orllmakN 01 fhtz (lIllI's e , rofaie fhtZ coorcl/nah 4W'el x-y Cou"hrc/oc.'wlsfl hy t:tn DI19'. 8 .}" x~y~ Auume /oj, e «'Iuo/ion t>f fhe ellipse in Y .jfbrMl of lit., hew cODrJ"nd/.~ 1-0 h. (-!if + (-:fJ -I. 0 whera " E. ' == E GIIf. + I: ~"n. (!) "ox£ sin_ -IlvCMII.@ ~ £ y " ", ...s~h$l"'k""n!J @ oncJ (j) in @ Q"d NZ,Qrran9;"9 : 1 __ £ 'f :"c Co'-' + Q! s""'._' .,. £ 2(r;n'fI .,. co,.. ,_Z£ £ :sin,,£.,S(.L - .!.\_, h*"7 Q~ Y II- CD'-. slot. ., J 1 @ £.1. sin'''' co,·. __./__ .. £:lit& sl" . .,. .. , b' 1 .r;nBCO$iJ(...L_L)_ j,a (Z) tbtJ @ Cdn 2. Q' COJt E,.~li"l", • h. so/v.J -lor fIt,.~ unknowns: 8 = .1.,.. a. .. 4 sin + a.. £'p. CD. b* Y ohM;" CO"'PQrln9 (!) dnd @. 4 7 w. I. __,__ 1· A' -'(2£teE M '.1 y=,\ ~; _~.a ) LQn j e ('''sacZIt) 'foE! (I-~.Cl') · s/" '" L , Ie .. In parHculQ.t> i, £,,,= £,.: -t. ' 4Z IJ 4 4S~ -JI. £.Ut!f: • "-Ji E. $;n 1- · · -P. '-H LeI an 411/l'f;c,ally po/arizecl pla.n. wave h. r e-« p,..stlnl_d ~Y fh. p/'asor (wi~h p"'pagalion lac lor e-JJ,~ omiH.J): s = s;e, % 41 £J ei~ 0.) wber« £I J £i » and ~ are arb,.Ir41'Y co"'fanls. Ri~J,t-honJ circula,.,y PO'tlriz~dWtJ"":£"c-Cre(a..-iay). L.Ft-hllnJ circultlr/y polarlzeJ WII".: ~ • ~, (;Il"'i iiy ) . I i-, £ '1:, . . z' ( £, t ) ·£, e '" £.1.,i j£.ej.A), . rr f{£, £ ... £,." -+ ~ . fhen b) LeI a.. r"ght-J,anJ C;rc.uJa~/ypD14 rt'z_J wav4Z. he E" e cs, - ia~) :a - l. - (a:.f -a,jZ) +£ ~# 4£._ , (a.; + Qyj) wAe,... E•., and E._ cue I"'9/'I-hA"J and 1..lf-hand ell'-pflc.dlly pola";ZI.J waves respflclivttl),. SImIlarly, a 1...ft-JuanJ cJrculor'Y pola.rizec:J wave can h. written as ~~ • £ lA,c ., j iiy ) - £ (ii~f +~jJ)+£ (ti.1 = ('c- ~ £'•.,. . !-?f-' For COil du c li"E In II kc1=:s .I W~€,-W~E.(I- ; , : ) ecJ . Ice. .. ~ -jo(, ~.- J"a - ~j) Icc' ..".- etl. - 2.j R. (k~l) - W~£ ~l., -<1_ 1-'": 1_ (,Jju(II'--~-(-~-~-)'. Fro", ([) and 0 0(' - W4I OJ,lain 4J '-7 -11TJjJ", do a) f = (:"Y»,. a,.c gOOd cl1ncludo,r ~ A /I '0 $- ~ 7~ -(1 01j) I : · (Hz) J Co"a,. 2.D2('''jJ.1fJ O.II1-1t/ /.01..'" I.s)-'..J $; Iv. r Z.II' tl?)."" 0.12/alD' I. oJ'" ttl '.29 _III" 8".$' J."~. ".1tJ .,0' o.• ,.s) c..",er 4.'''-10' 4."1110 S/Iv.r .. "./0' 4.J.P/O" 2.0)M'''·' Btal/fJ.s I..S'~/O' J.I'kffJ ,. 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