Organic
Compound
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
(Sugars)
(polypeptides)
(fats)
DNA, RNA
C,H,O,N(S)
C,H,O H:O>2:1
C,H,N,O,P
nucleotides
Elements
C, H, O
C:H:O=1:2:1
Building Blocks
(subunits)
Monosaccharides
(simple sugars)
i.e. glucose
Amino acids
Glycerol + 3 fatty
acids
Functions
1. Broken down for
energy
2. Storage of energy
 Starch (plants)
1. Storage of food
2. Enzymes- help
chemical reactions
3. Structure
bones, muscles
4. Transport
hemoglobin
cell membrane
5. Antibodies
6. regulation
1. Energy storage
Store, transmit genetic
2. Chemical messengers information
3. Shock absorber
4. Cell membrane
phospholipids

Glycogen
(animals)
3. Structure- cellulose
( plant cell walls )
Misc. Info
1. Sugars end in -ose
2. Monosaccharide +
monosaccharide =
disaccharide
1. Don’t mix with water
2. Saturated- holding max
SHAPE DETERMINES # of Hs
Unsaturated- could hold
FUNCTION
more Hs
Every protein has a
specific role
1. nucleotide= sugar +
phosphate + nitrogen
base
2. Sugar = ribose (RNA)
or deoxyribose (DNA)
Nitrogen base- A,T,G,C,U