HAZARD AND EFFECT
MANAGEMENT PROCESS
(HEMP)
UNITED FUEL COMPANY LTD.
Prepared By:
Approved By:
………………………………..
…………………………………
Elwadah Mohamed Babiker
Hisham I.Gadalla
25/Dec./2020
30/Dec./2020
HAZARD AND EFFECT MANAGEMENT PROCESS (HEMP)
-
OVERVIEW
The Hazards and Effects Management Process (HEMP) of identification, assessment, control
and recovery is used to analyze each hazard. The process is applied to each hazard
individually. The process formally checks that HEMP is in place and performing in accordance
with the Case acceptance criteria.
In the process of analyzing the hazards, the principle of the “Bow-tie Diagram” is applied.
A hazard is defined as the potential to cause harm, including ill health and injury, damage to
property, products or the environment; production losses or increased liabilities.
The hazards as identified by the HEMP in the industry have been compiled for ease of
administering controls and mitigating measures to manage the risks at ALARP level.
Threats are possible causes that can potentially release the hazard and result in the initial
consequence or "Top Event".
Barriers are the protective measures or controls put into place to prevent threats from releasing
the hazard.
Consequences are events or a chain of events that result from the release of the hazard.
Recovery Preparedness Measures are all technical, operational and organizational measures
that limit the chain of consequences arising from the Top Event.
The Bow-Tie Diagram
For the hazard analysis, the KKIA Into-plane operations are divided into the following activities:Operation
Maintenance
General
1
2
3
4
1
1
Receiving Operations
Storage
Tank Refueller Loading Operations
Into-plane Operations
Maintenance Of Facilities & Equipment
Worksite General
Operational Areas of KKIA
The hazards and how they are being managed have been established using experienced personnel
from the various disciplines from Depot personnel at all levels, HSED personnel and Bulk Depot
Operations by applying the brainstorming technique.
Level of risk tolerability is categorized on the matrix by shading in areas of intolerable risk (dark shaded:
high risk), areas that require risk reduction consideration (Light shaded: medium risks) and areas that
are subject to the normal on-going improvement process (White: Low risk).
Consequence
Rating
People
Assets
0
No Injury
No
Damage
1
Slight Injury
2
Minor Injury
3
Major Injury
Slight
Damage
Minor
Damage
Localised
Damage
Major
Damage
Extensive
Damage
4
Single
Fatality
5
Multiple
Fatalities
Increasing Probability
Environmen
t
Reputation
No
Effect
Slight
Effect
Minor
Effect
Localized
No Impact
A
Has not
occurre
d in the
industry
B
C
Has
occurred in
the industry
Has
occurred
in UFC
D
Has occurred
several times per
year in UFC
E
Has occurred
several times per
year at KKIA
Low
Slight Impact
Effect
Limited
Impact
Considerable
Impact
Major
Effect
Major
National
Massive
Effect
Major
International
High
Medium
The following tables define the consequences:
People
Rating
0
1
Potential
Impact
No Injury
Slight Injury
2
Minor Injury
3
Major Injury
4
Single Fatality
5
Multiple
Fatalities
Definition
No injury or damage to Health
Slight Injury or health effects (including first aid case and
medical treatment case) - Not affecting work performance or
causing disability
Minor injury or health effects (Lost Time Injury) - Affecting work
performance, such as restriction to work activities (Restricted
Workday Case) or a need to take a few days to fully recover
(Lost Workday Case). Limited health effects are reversible e.g.
skin irritation, food poisoning.
Major injury or health effects (including Permanent Partial
Disability) - Affecting work performance in the longer term,
such as prolonged absence from work. Irreversible health
damage without loss of life, e.g. noise induced hearing loss,
chronic back injuries.
Single fatality- From accident or occupational illness
(poisoning, cancer)
Multiple fatalities - From accident or occupational illness
(poisoning, cancer)
Definition of Risk to People
Assets
Rating
0
1
Potential
Impact
No Damage
Slight Damage
2
Minor Damage
3
Localized
Damage
Major Damage
Extensive
Damage
4
5
Definition
No damage to equipment or asset
No disruption to the operation.
Possible brief disruption to the operation. Isolation of
equipment for repair.
Partial shutdown.
Partial operation loss of plant.
Substantial or total loss of operation.
Definition of Risk to Asset
Environment
Rating
0
1
2
3
4
5
Potential
Impact
No Effect
Slight
Effect
Minor
Effect
Localized
Effect
Major
Effect
Massive
Effect
Definition
No environmental damage. No change in environment. No financial
consequences
Local environment damage. Within the fence and within systems.
Negligible financial consequences
Contamination. Damage sufficiently large to attack the environment.
Single exceedance of statutory or prescribed criterion. Single complaint.
No permanent effect on the environment
Limited loss of discharges of known toxicity. Repeated exceedance of
statutory or prescribed limit. Affecting neighborhood
Severe environmental damage. The company is required to take
extensive measures to
restore the contaminated environment to its
original state. Extended exceedance of statutory or prescribed limits
Persistent severe environmental damage or severe nuisance extending
over a large area. In terms of commercial or recreational use of nature
conservancy, a major economic loss for the company. Constant, high
exceedance of statutory or prescribed limits.
Definition of Risk to Environment
Reputation
Rating
0
1
2
3
Potential
Impact
No Impact
Slight
Impact
Limited
Impact
Considerabl
e Impact
4
National
Impact
5
International
Impact
Definition
No public awareness.
Slight impact - Public awareness may exist, but there is no public
concern.
Some local public concern. Some local media and / or local political
attention with potentially adverse aspects for company operations
Regional public concern. Extensive adverse attention in local media.
Slight national media and/ or local / regional political attention. Adverse
stance of local government and / or action groups.
National public concern. Extensive adverse attention in the national
media. Regional /national policies with potentially restrictive measures
and/or impact on grant of licenses. Mobilization of action groups.
International public attention. Extensive adverse attention in
international media. National / International policies with potentially
severe impact on access to new areas, grants of licenses and / or
tax legislation
Definition of Risk to Reputation
LIST OF GENERIC HAZARDS APPLICABLE TO THE AVIATION
BUSINESS
I. Hydrocarbons
H-01.01
H-01.02
H-01.03
- Aviation Fuels (Jet A-1).
- Automotive Fuels (Gas Oil).
- Automotive Lubricants.
II. Fuel Contaminants
H-11.01
H-11.02
H-11.03
H-11.04
H-11.05
-
Erroneous Fuel Grade / Off Spec Product.
Water.
Solids.
Bacteria.
Surfactants.
III. Kinetic Energy
H-111.01
H-111.02
H-111.03
H-111.04
H-111.05
H-111.06
H-111.07
H-111.08
H-111.09
H-111.10
H-111.11
H-111.12
H-111.13
-
Moving Road Tankers.
Moving Hydrant Service Vehicle.
Moving Refuelling Units (Semi-Trailers / Trucks / Trailers / Dispensers).
Moving Private or Company Cars.
Moving 3rd Parties Vehicles.
Moving Aircraft.
Rotating Aircraft Propeller.
Rotating Helicopter Rotor.
Rotating Turbine Engines.
Jet Blast.
Moving Platforms.
Rotating Hose Reels.
Tools (Drilling Machine, Circular Saw, Buff Wheels,...).
IV. Electrical Power
H-IV.01
H- IV.02
H- IV.03
H- IV.04
-
Static Electricity.
Electrical Equipment.
Personal Communications Equipment.
Lightning.
V. Potential Energy
H-V.01
H- V.02
H- V.03
H- V.04
H- V.05
H- V.06
H- V.07
H- V.08
-
Heights (scaffoldings, platforms, cabins, steps...)
Low Points and Inspection Pits.
Stairs and kerbs.
Slippery Surfaces.
Elevated Objects.
Heavy Objects.
Compressed Air or Nitrogen (Tyres, Pneumatic Tools).
Vacuum / Pressure.
VI. Thermal Energy
H-VI.01
H-VI.02
H- VI.03
H- VI.04
H- VI.05
H- VI.06
-
Smoking, Lighter and/or Matches.
Welding, Oxyacetylene Lancing, Saw-Cutting.
Hot Surfaces.
Hot Gases.
CO2 Extinguishers.
Cooker and Oven.
VII. Sound Energy
H-VII.01
- Aircraft Noise.
H-VII.02
- Pumps Noise.
VIII. Radiant Energy
H-VIII.01
H-VIII.02
- Computer Screens & Video Displays.
- Personal Communications Equipment.
IX. Toxic Gases
H-IX.01
H- IX.02
H- IX.03
H- IX.04
-
Asphyxiation.
Toluene / Solvents.
Exhaust Fumes.
Tobacco Fumes.
X. Toxic Liquids
H-X.01
H-X.02
H-X.03
H-X.04
H-X.05
H-X.06
-
Stadis 450.
Methmix.
Anti-Icing Additives.
Corrosion Inhibitors.
Glycol.
Alcoholic Beverages.
XI. Toxic Solids
H-X1.01
H-X1.02
- Asbestos.
- Lead.
XII. Used Equipment and Consumable
H-XII.01
H-XII.02
- Containing HC (Lubricants, Filter Elements, HC Absorbent Tissues...).
- Containing Toxics (Batteries, Washing Effluents, Printer and Copier Toner...).
Hazards Index
Hazard
Group
Hazard
Common Terms / Source
Hydrocarbon
Refined
Hydrocarbons
Other flammable
materials
Explosives
Crude oils, LNG, Condensate, NGL, Wax, Coal etc.
LPG, Mogas, Gas Oil, Fuel Oil, Bitumen
H.05
Pressure
hazards
H.06
Hazards
associated with
differences in
height
H.07
Objects under
induced stress
H.08
Dynamic
situation
hazards
Bottled gases under pressure, Water under pressure in pipe
works, Non-hydrocarbon gas under pressure in pipe works, Air
under high pressure, Hyperbaric Operations (diving)
Personnel at height >2m; < 2m; Overhead equipment (Objects
falling while being lifted / handled or working at a height over
people, equipment or process systems, elevated work
platforms, slung loads); Personnel below grade (Pipeline
trenches, excavations, repairing buried facilities)
Objects under tension (Guy and support cables, anchor chains,
tow and barge tie-off ropes, slings); Objects under compression
(Spring loaded devices such as relief valves and actuators and
hydraulic or pneumatic operated devices)
On land transport (driving); On water transport (boating); In air
transport (flying); Equipment with moving or rotating parts; Use
of hazardous hand tools (grinding, sawing); Use of knives,
machetes and other sharp objects
H.01
H.02
H.03
H.04
Pyrophoric materials, packing materials, wooden plans, paper,
etc.
Detonators, conventional explosive materials
H.09
Environmental
Hazards
H.10
Hot surfaces
H.11
Hot fluids
H.12
Cold surfaces
H.13
H.14
Cold fluids
Open flames
H.15
Electricity
Voltage > 50 to 440 v in cables & Equipment; Voltage >440 v;
Lightning discharge;
H.16
Electromagnetic
radiation
Ultraviolet radiation; Infrared radiation; Microwaves (Galley,
Radar and associated equipment); Lasers (Instrumentation,
surveying); High voltage A.C. cables (Transformers, power
cables)
Applicable to EP Operations
H.17
H.18
Hazard
Group
H.19
Ionizing
radiation - open
source
Ionizing
radiation closed source
Hazard
Asphyxiants
H.20
Toxic Gas
H.21
Toxic Liquids
H.22
Toxic solids
H.23
Corrosive
substances
Biological
hazards
H.24
Adverse weather; sea state; earth tremor; flooding; landslide;
aquatic degradation; Scheduled Wastes; Dispersants /
Additives
Process piping & equipment between 60 and 150oC and above
150oC; Engine and turbine exhaust systems; Steam piping;
Bitumen pipelines & hot oil lines
Temperatures between 100 and 150oC and above 150oC : Hot
bitumen
Process piping / facility between -25oC and -80oC and below 80oC
Oceans, seas and lakes less than 10oC
Heater with fire tube; direct fired furnaces; flares
Applicable to EP operations
Common Terms / Source
Insufficient oxygen atmospheres; Excessive CO2 or N2 ;
Drowning; Halon; Smoke
Chemical agents of CTM category; H2S; Exhaust fumes; SO2;
Chlorine; Welding fumes; Tobacco smoke
Individual aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g. benzene), gasoline
additives and lead compounds as contained in the gasoline;
SAP additives; Mercury; PCBs; Methanol; Degreasers;
Corrosion
inhibitors;
Alcohol
containing
beverages;
Recreational drugs; Used engine oils (polyaromatic
hydrocarbons)
Asbestos; Man-made mineral fibre, Dusts; Oil-based sludges;
Leaded sludges, paint mists
Wet batteries, re-generant for reverse osmosis water makers;
Brake fluids
Poisonous plants; Large/small animals; Food borne bacteria;
Water borne bacteria (legionella); Parasitic insects; Disease
transmitting insects; Cold & flu virus; HIV; Other communicable
diseases.
H.25
Ergonomic
hazards
H.26
Psychological
hazards
Security related
Hazards
Use of Natural
Resources
Medical Hazards
H.27
H.28
H.29
Manual lifting and handling; High intensity (peak) sound; Loud
(steady) noise; Heat stress (high ambient temperatures); Cold
stress (low ambient temperatures); High humidity; Vibration;
Workstations (Poorly designed office furniture and poorly laid
out workstations);
Lighting;
Incompatible hand controls
(Controls poorly positioned in workplace, requiring workers to
exhibit excessive force, lacking proper label, for example in
driller house, heavy machinery, control rooms, hand operated
control valves;
Awkward location of workplaces and
machinery; Mismatch of worker to physical abilities; Mismatch
of work to cognitive abilities (requiring individuals to monitor a
process without trying to reduce their boredom by giving them
a higher task load, asking a worker to supervise something
he/she is not qualified; Long and irregular working hours /
shifts; Poor organization and job design; Work planning issues
(work overload, unrealistic targets, lack of clear planning, poor
communications.
Living on the job / away from home; Working and living on a live
plant; Post traumatic stress
Crisis (military action, civil disturbance, terrorism); piracy;
Theft/pilferage
Applicable to EP operations
Medical Unfitness; Motion sickness; Crew change on water or
in marine/air operations
The Hazard Index
Hazard
. No.
Hazard
Activity
H-02
2.01
Refined Hydrocarbons
Lube and
1. Refuelling vehicle (36
seal oil
Dispenser & 1 Bowser)
2. Company vehicle (1
units Hilux, 1 unit Isuzu,
1 unit Myvi, 3 Nissan
Urvan, 1 unit Kia Pregio
& Vendor Vehicle).
2.02
Hydraulic
oil
1. Refuelling vehicle
(36 Dispenser & 1
Bowser)
2. Vehicle jacking at
workshop
Location / Source of
Hazard
Threats
Top
Event
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Risk
Rating
Risk
Category
1. Refuelling Vehicle
2. Support Vehicle
1. Failure of joint and
fittings due to
overpressure,
vibration,
incompatible
materials and
excessive torque&
overtightening
2. Overfill during top
up activity
3. External impact.
LOC
Soil and
groundwater
contamination
-
D1
-
-
D1
Low
1. Hydraulic system
for refuelling vehicle
2. Jack at workshop
1. Failure of
containment
2. External impact.
LOC
Soil and water
contamination
-
D1
-
D1
D1
Low
Control and Document
Controls:
1. Maintenance Pit at
Workshop joined
connected to oil
interceptor
2. Maintenance
procedures:
- Maintenance
manual/Operations
manual/WI Preventive
Maintenance of Engine
and Chassis for Aviation
vehicle
3. PA for Support Vehicle
Service
1. WI for Preventive
Maintenance
2. Daily Mobile
Equipment Serviceability
Check
3. OP Refuelling
4. ERP/IR
Hazard
. No.
2.03
Hazard
Activity
Diesel fuel
1. Refuelling vehicle (11
Dispenser & 7 Bowser)
2. Company vehicle (4
units Hilux, Vendor
Vehicle).
Location / Source of
Hazard
1. Refuelling Vehicle
2. Support Vehicle
Threats
1. Failure of joint and
fittings due to
overpressure,
vibration,
incompatible
materials and
excessive torque&
overtightening
2. Overfill during top
up activity
3. External impact.
Top
Event
LOC
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Soil and water
contamination
B3
B3
-
-
Health effects:
H304: May be
fatal if
swallowed
and enters
airways (HR:
3)
H373: May
cause damage
to organs
through
prolonged or
repeated
exposure (HR:
3)
H351:
Suspected of
causing cancer
(HR: 3)
H315: Causes
skin irritation
(HR: 2)
H332: Harmful
if inhaled (HR:
2)
Risk
Rating
B3
Risk
Category
Low
Control and Document
Controls:
1. Maintenance Pit at
Workshop joined
connected to oil
interceptor
2. Maintenance
procedures:
- Maintenance
manual/Operations
manual/WI Preventive
Maintenance of Engine
and Chassis for Aviation
vehicle
3. PA for Support Vehicle
Service
Hazard
. No.
2.04
Hazard
Jet A1
Activity
1. Storage inside
bowser tank
2. Maintenance
3. Dipping of ullage at
bowser tank
4. Draining, sampling
and quality checking
5. Milipore testing colorimetric and
gravimetric
6. Inspection of
refuelling vehicle filter
monitor
7. Change of filters for
refuelling vehicle filter
monitor
8. Refuelling activity
9. Hydrometer
accuracy check
10. Bowser topping-up
11. Quality assurance
Location / Source of
Hazard
1. Piping
2. Joints & fittings
e.g. gasket, flange,
gauge, valve
3. Jet A1 Bowser
Tank (16500 litre)
4. Visible Jar
5. Hydrant pit (560
pit)
6. Vehicle Intake
Coupler Hose
7. Loading Bay
Threats
1. Failure at joints &
fittings due to
incompatible
material, excessive
torque / overtightening.
2. Human error Overfilling
3. Hose failure
Top
Event
LOC
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Spill to the
environment
Fire
Injury
Asset Damage
C3
E2
D1
E3
Health effects:
H304: May be
fatal if
swallowed
and enters
airways (HR:
3)
H315: Causes
skin irritation
(HR: 2)
H336: May
cause
drowsiness or
dizziness (HR:
2)
Risk
Rating
E3
Risk
Category
Very
High
Control and Document
Control:
1. Refer to Bow Tie 1 Jet A1 LOPC
Ref. Document:
1. UFC incident reports
2. Generic CHRA for
Aviation Terminals
Hazard
. No.
2.06
Hazard
Activity
BTX
H-03
3.01
Other flammable materials
Cellulosic
1. Welding
materials
2. Office work
H-05
5.01
Pressure Hazards
Bottled
1. Welding
gases
2. Storage of CO2 fire
under
extinguishers cylinders
pressure
for firefighting
5.02
Water
under
pressure in
pipe
works
1. Fire drill/exercise
5.04
Air under
high
pressure
1. Inflate tyre, air gun,
air tool, using air
compressor at
workshop
2. Refuelling
(Pneumatic system)
Location / Source of
Top
Risk
Threats
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Hazard
Event
Rating
Assesed as part of chemical hazard under Jet A1, Diesel. Details included in 2.03 and 2.04
Risk
Category
1. Workshop
2.Packing materials
3. Paper
1. Human error
2. Behavioral issue
3. Equipment failure
Contact
with
flamma
ble/
combu
stible
materia
l
1. Oxy-acetylene
cylinder
2. CO2 cylinders for
firefighting
3. FM200
4. ABC fire
extinguisher
1. Firefighting
hydrant
1. Failure of cylinder
integrity and
connections.
2. Human error.
LOC
1. Failure of hose
and nozzle integrity.
2. Loose connection
of hose
3. Sudden surge
pressure from
hydrant to
firefighting hose.
1. Failure of joint and
fittings due to
overpressure,
vibration and
excessive torque&
overtightening
Hit by
high
pressur
e
water/
object
1. Compressor Workshop
2. Bowser/dispenser
pneumatic system
Hit by
pressur
ized
object
Control and Document
Fire/
Explosion
Aset damage
Injury
C3
-
D2
D2
C3
Medium
Control:
1. Work procedure or
JHA
1. Fire/
explosion
B4
-
B3
B3
B4
Medium
2. Hit by
pressurized
object - Injury
/ fatality
Injury
B4
-
B1
B3
B4
Medium
Control:
1. Procedure or JHA for
welding activity
Control:
1. Maintenance work
instructions
D2
-
-
-
D2
Medium
Injury
B2
-
-
-
B2
Low
Control
a. ERT Training
Control:
1. Pump & Motor
maintenance
Maintenance
manual/Operations
manual/WI (WI for
pneumatic at vehicle)
Hazard
. No.
Hazard
Activity
Location / Source of
Hazard
Threats
Top
Event
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Risk
Rating
Risk
Category
Injury/Fatality
C4
-
-
C4
C4
High
Control and Document
2. Loose connection
of hose
H-06
6.01
Hazards associated with differences in height
Personnel
1. Dipping at bowser
1. Loading bay
at height
tank
2. Bowser tank
>2m
2. Maintenance of
3. Bowser/dispenser
bowser tank
4. Office Building
3. Aircraft
5. Workshop
refuelling/defuelling
wide body aircraft
4. Office building
maintenance activity.
1. Loss of
balance/uneven
platform surface
2. Blatant noncompliance with
requirements
3. Human error due
to unfit personnel
Fall
from
Height
Slip
and Fall
Injury
D2
-
-
-
D2
Medium
Hit by
object
Injury
B2
-
-
-
B2
Low
6.02
Personnel
at height
<2m
1. Refuelling narrow
body aircraft.
2. Ascending &
descending step ladder
and Low Profile-Low
Flowrate dispenser
(Gecko)
1. Bowser ladder
2. Stairs / steps
1.Loss
balance/uneven
platform surface
2. Blatant noncompliance to
requirement.
3.Human error due
to unfit personnel
6.03
Overhead
Equipment
1. Maintenance activity
1. Maintenance
activity at workshop
1. Human error
Control:
Refer to Bow Tie 2 - Fall
from Height
Incident Ref:
1. Fall from height:
Driver felt from the top
of road tanker at
commercial customer
Control:
1. Operating Procedures
2. Maintenance Work
Instruction
3. OP Daily Mobile
Serviceability Checklist –
4. step mobile ladder
Control:
1. Maintenance Work
Instruction
Hazard
. No.
Hazard
Activity
2. Bowser/Dispenser
access from apron to
parking area
3. Aircraft refuelling
H-07
7.01
Objects under Induced Stress
Objects
1. Aircraft refuelling
under
2.Lifting using
tension
sling/anchor chains
7.02
Objects
under
compressi
on
H-08
8.04
8.05
1.
Maintenance/servicing
of bowser/dispenser
2. Maintenance - Hose
hydrostatic pressure
testing
Dynamic situation hazards
Equipment 1. Power Take Off
with
(PTO) pump
moving or
2. Air compressor
rotating
maintenance
parts
3. Bowser/dispenser
maintenance
Use of
hazardous
hand tools
(grinding )
1. Maintenance activity
using hand tools
Location / Source of
Hazard
1. Bowser/dispenser
route
2. Lifted object
3. Aircraft refueling
activity
(Wing/Flap/Slap)
Threats
1. Bowser/dispenser
is driven outside of
designated route
2. Hand rail is not
stowed and locked.
3. Airline operational
requirement
Top
Event
Hit by
object
-
Risk
Rating
D2
Risk
Category
Medium
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Asset Damage
-
-
D2
Control and Document
1. Bowser / dispenser
- hydraulic platform,
pneumatic handrail &
hose
2. Workshop
1. Workshop
1. Mechanical failure
Burst/d
rop
object
Injury/Asset
Damage/Spill
D1
D1
D1
D1
D1
Low
Control:
1. Maintenance Work
Instruction
2. OP Refuelling
1. Mechanical failure
Hit/bur
st by
object
Injury/Asset
Damage/Spill
D1
D1
D1
D1
D1
Low
Control:
1. Maintenance Work
Instruction
1. Refuelling vehicle
1. Human error improper
handling/placement
of body parts
Caught
in
betwee
n
objects
Injury
C3
-
-
-
C3
Medium
Control:
1. Maintenance Work
Instruction
1. Hand tools, e.g.
grinder, drill, etc.
1. Improper handling
Pinch,
Abrasio
n
Injury
C3
-
-
-
C3
Medium
Control:
1. Work procedure or
JHA
Hazard
. No.
8.06
8.08
H-09
Hazard
Use of
knives,
machetes
and other
sharp
objects
Land
transporta
tion
Activity
1. Use of knives,
machetes and other
sharp objects
2. Walking near sharp
objects
1. Driving vehicles
within terminal &
apron area
2. Diesel refuelling by
commercial customer
i.e MAB, Air Asia,
Malindo within
terminal compound.
Environmental Hazards
Location / Source of
Hazard
1. Sharp
objects/edges
1. Bowser/Dispenser
2. Company vehicle
3. Other airport user
vehicles
Threats
1. Improper handling
1. Vehicle not in
good condition
2. Unfit driver
3. Unsafe condition
Top
Event
Cut
Loss of
Control
-
Risk
Rating
C2
Risk
Category
Low
E1
E1
Medium
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Injury
C2
-
-
-
-
D1
Injury/Fatality
Asset Damage
LOC
Control and Document
Control:
1. Work procedure or
JHA
Control:
1. OP Refuelling
2. Airside Safety
Regulation
3. Vehicle Maintenance
4. Beacon light
5. Warning/Reminder to
other airport user on
their vehicle/equipment
maintenance
Hazard
. No.
9.01
Hazard
Activity
Weather
1. Refuelling
H-10
10.03
Hot surfaces
Engine and
turbine
exhaust
systems
1. Fire drill/exercise
2. Refuelling vehicle
daily inspection &
maintenace
H-14
14.04
Open flame
Open
1. Maintenance activity
flame
- welding torch
2. Using lighter,
smoking
H-15
Electricity
Location / Source of
Hazard
1. Winds
2. Temperature
extremes
3. Rain
Threats
1. Human
error/behavior issue.
2. Communication
breakdown on
wind/meterological
information.
Top
Event
LOC/He
at
Stroke
B4
Risk
Rating
B4
Risk
Category
Medium
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Asset Damage
Injury/fatality
B3
B4
B4
1. Fire water pump
2. Refuelling vehicle
1. Unsafe condition
of the equipment i.e.
insulation failure,
unsuitable location
Hot
surface
Fire
Asset damage
Injury
-
-
-
-
-
Low
1. Welding torch
2. Lighter
1. Human error
2. Behavioral issue
3. Equipment failure
Contact
with
flamma
ble/
combu
stible
materia
l
Fire/Explosion
Aset damage
Injury
C3
-
D2
D2
D2
Medium
Control and Document
Control:
1. Operating procedures
2. JHA and JMS
3. Ergonomic procedures
Control:
1. OP Refuelling
2. Preventive
Maintenance Fire Water
Pump
Control:
1. Work procedure or
JHA
Hazard
. No.
15.01
Hazard
Activity
Location / Source of
Hazard
Equipment Cable
Threats
1. Ineffective energy
isolation
Top
Event
Electric
al
Leakag
e
-
Risk
Rating
C3
Risk
Category
Medium
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Electrical
shock
Fire
C3
-
-
Voltage >
50 V to
440 V in
cables
1. Operation of all
electrical equipment
15.02
Voltage >
50 V to
440 V in
equipment
1. Operation of all
electrical equipment
All electrical
equipment, e.g.
motors, generators,
switchboards,
lighting, RCUs, boxes
and sockets.
1. Ineffective energy
isolation
2. Wrong equipment
voltage rating
3. Defective
insulation &
grounding
Electric
al
Leakag
e
Electrical
shock
Fire
C3
-
-
-
C3
Medium
15.04
Lightning
discharge
1. Operation during
bad weather
1. Lightning
1. Working outdoor
during bad weather
2. Exposed
equipment
High
voltage
induce
d on
object/
person
Injury/Fatality
Fire
Asset Damage
C4
-
D2
-
C4
High
Control and Document
Control:
1. Protection setting , i.e.
overcurrent & earth
leakage relay/breaker
shall be properly rated
and coordinated
2. Earthing & bonding
Control:
1. Protection setting , i.e.
overcurrent & earth
leakage relay/breaker
shall be properly rated
and coordinated
2. Earthing & bonding
Control
Refer to Bowtie 3.
Lightning Discharge
Note:
Tank fire was not
considered because the
Jet A1 tank is a cone roof
tank & lightning strike on
a flammable mixture
from gooseneck is an
unlikely scenario. Jet A1
is not having a mixture
of vapor as much as ULG.
Hazard
. No.
15.05
H-16
16.01
Hazard
Activity
Electrostat
ic
1. Aircraft
refuelling/defuelling
2. Bowser topping-up
3. Refuel diesel engine
4. Operating rotating
equipment
Electromagnetic radiation
Ultraviolet 1. Welding
radiation
2. Working under direct
sunlight
Location / Source of
Hazard
1. Bowser /dispenser
2. Loading Bay
1. Workshop
2. Outdoor under the
sun
Threats
1. Improper
grounding
1. Long welding
hours.
2.Long exposure
hour under the sun
Top
Event
Spark
Exposu
re to
UV
radiatio
n
B3
Risk
Rating
B4
Risk
Category
Medium
-
C2
Low
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Fire
Injury
Fatality
Asset damage
B3
-
B4
Health effects:
Acute:
Skin –
erythema,
skin burn.
Eye – cornea
inflammation
(welder’s
flash).
Chronic:
Skin – skin
cancer, skin
thickening,
premature
aging of the
skin.
Eye –
photokeratitis
(inflammation
of the cornea),
cataract.
C2
-
-
Control and Document
Control:
1. OP Refuelling
2. OP Vehicle Diesel Topup
3. OP Bowser Topping
Up
Control
1. HRA
2. Work procedure or
JHA
Hazard
. No.
16.03
Hazard
Microwave
s
Activity
Warming food in
pantry
H-19
19.05
Asphyxiates
Fixed fire
1. Release of
suppressio pyrogene/FM200 fire
n agent
suppressing agent
19.06
Smoke
1. Driving
2.Refuelling operation
Location / Source of
Hazard
1. Microwave oven at
pantry
Threats
1. Human
error/behavioral
issue
2. Equipment failure
Top
Event
Excessi
ve
exposu
re to
microw
ave
-
Risk
Rating
A3
Risk
Category
Low
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Acute: raised
body
temperature,
warming up of
exposed
tissues/organs
e.g. brain,
eyes, genitals,
stomach, liver,
kidneys.
Chronic:
under
investigation
A3
-
-
Control and Document
N/A
1. Server Room
2. Electrical Room
1.
Automation/mechan
ical failure
2. Improper isolation
Asphyxi
ation
Injury/Fatality
B4
-
-
B3
B4
Medium
Control:
1. Operating Procedures
2. Preventive
Maintenance WI
1. Refuelling vehicle
2. Support vehicle
Poor ventilation
Excessi
ve CO
more
than
allowa
ble
limit
Illness related
to respiratory
system
B2
B2
-
-
B2
Low
Control
1.Maintenance
procedures:
- Maintenance
manual/Operations
manual/WI Preventive
Maintenance of Engine
and Chassis for Aviation
vehicle
2. PA for Support Vehicle
Service
Hazard
. No.
Hazard
Activity
H-20
20.02
&
20.10
Toxic gas
Exhaust
fumes
Carbon
Monoxide
20.04
20.06
Benzene
Welding
fumes
20.08
HCFC
H-21
21.07
Toxic liquid
Degreasers 1. Maintenance and
(terpenes) servicing works
1. Driving
2.Refuelling operation
1. Welding
Operation &
maintenance of air
conditioning system
Location / Source of
Hazard
1. Refuelling vehicle
2. Support vehicle
Threats
Poor ventilation
Top
Event
Excessi
ve CO
more
than
allowa
ble
limit
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Risk
Rating
Risk
Category
Illness related
to respiratory
system
B2
-
-
-
B2
Low
Control
1.Maintenance
procedures:
- Maintenance
manual/Operations
manual/WI Preventive
Maintenance of Engine
and Chassis for Aviation
vehicle
2. PA for Support Vehicle
Service
-
C2
Low
Control:
1. Work procedure or
JHA
-
B3
Low
Control:
1. PM for an
airconditioning system
C2
C2
Low
Control
1. JHA/JMS
Assesed as part of chemical hazard under Jet A1 and Diesel. Details included in 2.03 and 2.04
Workshop
1. Poor ventilation
Inhalati Personal
C2
on of
illness with
weldin potential for
g
metal fume
fumes fever
1. Refrigerant for Air
1. Leaking of
Release Ozone
B3
conditioning system
refrigerant
of
depletion
(R22)
HCFC
Maintenance
workshops
Human
error/behavioral
issue on PPE
compliance
Inhalati
on of
weldin
g
fumes
Personal
illness with
potential for
metal fume
fever
C2
C2
Control and Document
Hazard
. No.
21.15
&
21.16
21.17
H-22
22.14
H-24
Hazard
Activity
Alcoholcontaining
beverages
& Nonprescribed
drugs
1. Any person entering
PETRONAS premises or
perform work and/or
businesses for or on
behalf of PETRONAS,
whilst under the
influence of any
Substance of Misuse;
2. Any person
consuming, possessing,
distributing, purchasing
or selling any
Substance of Misuse
whilst in PETRONAS
premises without
authorization from the
Management
1.Maintenance/servicin
g activity
Used
engine oils
(polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarb
ons)
Toxic solid
Oil based
sludges
1. Bowser Tank
Cleaning
Biological hazards
Location / Source of
Hazard
Personnel
Threats
1. Person under
alcohol or drug
influence
1. Workshop
1. Human error
2. Failure of
containment
1. Bowser tank
1. Human error
2. Behavioral issue
on PPE compliance
Top
Event
Human
error
LOC
Exposu
re to
toxic
materia
l
-
Risk
Rating
C2
Risk
Category
Low
-
-
C1
Low
Control:
1. Work procedure or
JHA
-
-
C2
Low
Control:
1. Work procedure or
JHA
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Injury
Asset Damage
C2
-
C1
Environmental
pollution
-
C1
Personnel
illness
-
C2
Control and Document
UFC drugs and alcohol
policy/GACAR 151
psychoactive substance
guidelines.
Hazard
. No.
24.01
24.02
Hazard
Activity
Foodborne
bacteria
(e.g E. coli)
Consuming
contaminated food
provided/outsourced
by the Company
Waterborne
bacteria
(Water
borne
pathogen
Leptospiro
sis)
Working in area with
potential presence of
water-borne bacteria
Location / Source of
Hazard
Contaminated food
and/or drink
provided by the
Company. Examples
of sources: vending
machines, kitchens,
small food
preparation areas,
drinking water
supplies and packed
food supply
Water contaminated
with the urine from
infected rats urine.
E.g. sewers, ditches,
ponds
Threats
1. Non registered
/non verified caterer
hired by company.
2. Poor hygiene at
pantry
1. Outdoor /
teambuilding
involving water
activities at
dirty/high risk area.
Top
Event
Ingesti
on of
contam
inated
food
Contact
with
water
contam
inated
with
the
urine
from
infecte
d rats
urine
-
Risk
Rating
C2
Risk
Category
Low
-
A4
Low
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Health effects:
Acute: food
poisoning;
hepatitis A
and E,
leptospirosis,
typhoid fever
food
intoxication
(can lead to
neuropsychiat
ric
complication
and possibly
death)
____________
______
Chronic: Nil
Health effects:
Acute: Phase
1- fever, chills,
headache,
muscle aches,
vomiting, or
diarrhea
Phase 2 more severe;
the person
may have
kidney or liver
failure or
meningitis
(Weil's
C2
-
-
A4
-
-
Control and Document
Control:
1. HRA
Control
1. HRA
2. Personal Hygiene
Hazard
. No.
Hazard
Activity
Location / Source of
Hazard
Threats
Top
Event
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Risk
Rating
Risk
Category
A4
-
-
-
A4
Low
Control and Document
disease).
Chronic: Nil
24.04,
24.05
&
24.06
Cold and
flu virus,
Human
Immune
deficiency
Virus (HIV)
& Other
communic
able
diseases
Working in area with
infected personnel
Other personnel Blood borne
pathogens, airborne:
bacteria, virus,
Food/water borne,
vector borne
1. Poor hygiene,
unhealthy lifestyle
Infectio
n
Cold and flu,
HIV
Acute:
Hepatitis B
and C
infection,
Tuberculosis,
Malaria,
Dengue
Chronic:
Carrier of
Hepatitis B
and C Virus;
Hepatitis B
and C Virus liver failure
and cancer
(fatal)
Control:
HRA
Hazard
. No.
24.07
Hazard
Sting
animal/ins
ect
(Hornet,
bee,
snake)
Activity
Working in area with
hornet/ bee/ snake
Location / Source of
Hazard
Insects/animals
Threats
Top
Event
Sting/bi
te from
insects
/animal
s
during
site
and
field
works
and
activiti
es
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Injury
Health effects:
Hazardous
animal
Acute:
General
weakness or
discomfort,
fever, or
headache
Severe
wounds (mild
to severe if
infected).
Rabies,
poisoning,
allergic
reaction
Chronic: Nil
C2
-
-
-
Hazardous
insects
Acute: Mild
reaction from
sting/bites
e.g. skin
irritations,
pain, swelling
etc.
Severe
reaction from
sting/bite can
be potentially
life-
Risk
Rating
C2
Risk
Category
Low
Control and Document
Control:
Good housekeeping
HRA
Hazard
. No.
Hazard
Activity
Location / Source of
Hazard
Threats
Top
Event
Consequences
threatening
for persons
who are
allergic or due
to multiple
stings. Some
insect bites
are poisonous
Chronic: Nil
H-25
Ergonomic hazards
P
E
A
R
Risk
Rating
Risk
Category
Control and Document
Hazard
. No.
25.01
25.03
Hazard
Activity
Manual
Material
Handling
1. Coupling of JC Carter
during aircraft
refuelling.
2. Coupling of intake
coupler from hydrant
to dispenser.
3. Hydrant pit cover
opening
4. Step ladder
Loud
steady
noise > 85
db(A)
1. Continuous noise
from refuelling
activities at the apron.
2.Loading activities to
bowser
3. Working near noisy
equipment.
Location / Source of
Hazard
1. JC Carter and Hose
2. Hydrant Pit Cover
3. Intake coupler
4. Step ladder
1.Apron - dispenser,
bowser, aircraft,
ground support
equipment
2.Loading bay
3.Fire water pump
Threats
1. Human error
2. Equipment design
failure
1. Human error incorrect method of
wearing PPE
2. Incorrect PPE
specification inadequate Noise
Reduction Rating.
Top
Event
Caught
in
betwee
n
objects
Over
exposu
re to
high
noise
Consequences
-
Risk
Rating
D3
Risk
Category
High
-
C2
Low
P
E
A
R
Injury
D3
-
-
Acute: Loud
steady noise Temporary
threshold shift
C2
-
-
Chronic :
Noise induced
hearing loss
(Permanent
threshold
shift); tinnitus
(ringing in the
ears)
Control and Document
Control:
1. Bow tie No 4. Manual
Mat Handling
Control:
1. Operating Procedures
2. Preventive
Maintenance WI
3. HRA
Hazard
. No.
25.04
25.07
Hazard
Heat stress
(high
ambient
temperatu
res)
Vibration
Activity
Working in hot
environment
1. Sitting on driver seat
and driving the
bowser/dispenser
Location / Source of
Hazard
Externally imposed
heat from the hot
sun when working
outdoor/apron.
1. Bowser/dispenser
Threats
1. Prolonged work
under the hot sun.
1. Human error
2. Poor road
condition for driving.
Top
Event
Over
expose
to high
temper
ature
Over
exposu
re to
high
vibratio
n while
driving
-
Risk
Rating
B3
Risk
Category
Low
-
-
B3
Low
Control:
1. Work procedure or
JHA
2. HRA
-
-
C2
Low
Control:
1.Office design
considering human
factors
2. MOC ‐ any changes
shall consider human
factors issue.
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Acute :
exhaustion
cramps, rash,
fatigue
____________
_______
B3
-
-
B3
-
C2
-
Chronic : Heat
stroke (hot
skin dry,
confusion,
convulsion,
loss of
consciousness
), can result in
death
Acute : <1 Hz,
motion
sickness
2-20 Hz,
balance and
vision
disturbance
Control and Document
Control
1. Work procedure and
JHA
Chronic :
Musculoskelet
al disorders
25.08
&
25.11
Workstatio
n&
Awkward
location of
workplaces
and
machinery
Working at the office
Poorly designed
office furniture and
poorly laid out
workstations
1. Human error
2. Substandard
equipment/
workstation design is
not ergonomic
Prolong
ed
awkwa
rd
workin
g
Hazard
. No.
25.10
Hazard
Incompati
ble hand
controls
Activity
1. Operating automatic
controls via push
button/levers (e.g.
different colored
buttons, no labels)
2. Operating manual
control valves
Location / Source of
Hazard
1. Control room
2. Bowser/dispenser
interlock
3. Manual control
valves at loading bay
Threats
1. Human error
2. Non-ergonomic
design of
workstation
machinery /
Inadequate of
human factors
consideration during
design stage.
Top
Event
positio
n
Human
error
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Risk
Rating
Risk
Category
Control and Document
3. Ergonomic Awareness
Training
Asset damage
-
-
C3
-
C3
Medium
Control
1. Control Room is fully
automated
2. Operating Procedures
3. Preventive
Maintenance WI
Hazard
. No.
25.12
Hazard
Mismatch
of work to
physical
abilities
Activity
Potential in all
operations
Location / Source of
Hazard
Medically unfit staff
Long working hours poor fatigue
managemnet
Improper manpower
planning
Threats
1. Medically unfit
staff
2. Long working
hours - poor fatigue
managemnet
3. Improper
manpower planning
Top
Event
Acute
health
impact
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Acute:
• anxiety
• headache
• suicidal
thought
• cognitive,
emotional and
behavioural
symptoms
(impaired or
unsafe
performance
may lead to a
safety incident
or production
loss with
greater
potential
consequence),
• general
discomfort,
e.g. feeling
too hot/too
cold, stiff
neck, dry
throat/eyes,
stress
• panic attack
(may lead to a
safety incident
or production
loss)
• fatigue
symptoms –
B3
-
-
-
Risk
Rating
B3
Risk
Category
Low
Control and Document
Control
1. Fitness to Work
Assessment
2. UFC recruitment
process and procedure
managed by HR
Hazard
. No.
Hazard
Activity
Location / Source of
Hazard
Threats
Top
Event
Consequences
progressive
decline in
alertness and
performance,
sleepiness.
Chronic –
examples of
associated
medical
conditions
mostly due to
body
P
E
A
R
Risk
Rating
Risk
Category
Control and Document
Hazard
. No.
25.13
Hazard
Mismatch
of work to
cognitive
abilities
Activity
Potential in all
operations
Location / Source of
Hazard
Improper manpower
planning
Inadequate training
Unavailability of
competent
person/skilled
worker
Threats
1. Improper
manpower planning
2. Inadequate
training
3. Unavailability of
competent
person/skilled
worker
Top
Event
Acute
health
impact
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Acute:
• anxiety
• headache
• suicidal
thought
• cognitive,
emotional and
behavioural
symptoms
(impaired or
unsafe
performance
may lead to a
safety incident
or production
loss with
greater
potential
consequence),
• general
discomfort,
e.g. feeling
too hot/too
cold, stiff
neck, dry
throat/eyes,
stress
• panic attack
(may lead to a
safety incident
or production
loss)
• fatigue
symptoms –
B3
-
-
-
Risk
Rating
B3
Risk
Category
Low
Control and Document
Control:
1. UFC recruitment
process and procedure
managed by HR
2. Training and refresher
program
Hazard
. No.
Hazard
Activity
Location / Source of
Hazard
Threats
Top
Event
Consequences
progressive
decline in
alertness and
performance,
sleepiness.
Chronic –
examples of
associated
medical
conditions
mostly due to
body
P
E
A
R
Risk
Rating
Risk
Category
Control and Document
Hazard
. No.
25.14
Hazard
Activity
Irregular
working
hours /
shift-work
at night.
1. Checking ullage
markers
2. Product loading into
road tanker
3. Receiving activity
from road tankers
4.Ascending and
descending stairs
5. Maintenance activity
6. Driving vehicle
within terminal
7. Checking ullage
marker
Location / Source of
Hazard
1. Work area
2. Vehicles
3. Bad weather
Threats
1. Insufficient
lighting at work area.
2. Lack of
maintenance for
vehicles
3. Uneven surface
4.Sleepiness/Drowsi
ness
5. Sting
animal/insect
(Hornet, bee, snake).
Top
Event
1. Slip,
trip
and fall
2.
Animal
bites/st
ing
3. Loss
control
of
vehicle
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Injury
B2
-
-
-
Acute:
• anxiety
• headache
• suicidal
thought
• cognitive,
emotional and
behavioural
symptoms
(impaired or
unsafe
performance
may lead to a
safety incident
or production
loss with
greater
potential
consequence),
• general
discomfort,
e.g. feeling
too hot/too
cold, stiff
neck, dry
throat/eyes,
stress
• panic attack
(may lead to a
safety incident
or production
loss)
Risk
Rating
B2
Risk
Category
Low
Control and Document
Control
1. PPE – UFC Personnel
Protective Equipment
Policy
2. Minimum manning
requirement
Maintenance
manual/Operations
manual/WI
3.Operating procedures.
4.Preventive
maintenance
Maintenance
manual/Operations
manual/WI PM Engine
and Chassis for Aviation
vehicle
Maintenance
manual/Operations
manual/WI – Building
maintenance
Maintenance
manual/Operations
manual/WI - Repair
lighting system
5. Sufficient lumens at
the working area.
6. UFC Light Vehicle
Safety Procedure
7. Competent Forklift
Operator
Hazard
. No.
Hazard
Activity
Location / Source of
Hazard
Threats
Top
Event
Consequences
• fatigue
symptoms –
progressive
decline in
alertness and
performance,
sleepiness.
Chronic –
examples of
associated
medical
conditions
mostly due to
body
P
E
A
R
Risk
Rating
Risk
Category
Control and Document
8. ERP (First Aid
Treatment)
9. Good housekeeping
practices
Hazard
. No.
25.15
&
25.16
Hazard
Poor
organizatio
n and job
design &
Work
planning
issues
Activity
Potential in all
operations
Location / Source of
Hazard
Ambiguity of job
requirements
Unclear reporting
relationships
Over/under
supervision
Poor operatorcontractor interface
Threats
1. Ambiguity of job
requirements
2. Unclear reporting
relationships
3. Over/under
supervision
4. Poor operatorcontractor interface
Top
Event
Acute
health
impact
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Acute:
• anxiety
• headache
• suicidal
thought
• cognitive,
emotional and
behavioural
symptoms
(impaired or
unsafe
performance
may lead to a
safety incident
or production
loss with
greater
potential
consequence),
• general
discomfort,
e.g. feeling
too hot/too
cold, stiff
neck, dry
throat/eyes,
stress
• panic attack
(may lead to a
safety incident
or production
loss)
• fatigue
symptoms –
B3
-
-
-
Risk
Rating
B3
Risk
Category
Low
Control and Document
Control:
1. Clear Position
Description
2. Feedback through
yearly PPA appraisal
Hazard
. No.
Hazard
Activity
Location / Source of
Hazard
Threats
Top
Event
Consequences
progressive
decline in
alertness and
performance,
sleepiness.
Chronic –
examples of
associated
medical
conditions
mostly due to
body
P
E
A
R
Risk
Rating
Risk
Category
Control and Document
Hazard
. No.
25.17
Hazard
Activity
Indoor
climate
(too hot/
cold/
dry/humid,
draughty)
Working in
office/indoor
environmnet
25.18
Improper
housekeep
ing
Potential in all
operations
25.19
Improper
posture
1. Opening of hydrant
pit cover .
2. Attaching intake
coupler to intake valve.
3. Attaching delivery
hose to aircraft
4. Lifting of heavy
aviation equipment
(eg:
intake coupler,
ladder)
Location / Source of
Hazard
Office/Indoor
environment with
poor Indoor Air
Quality (IAQ)
Work areas,
dumpsters, spills,
blocked escape
routes, blocked
access to firefighting
equipment
1. Hydrant Pit
2. Refuelling vehicle
Threats
Office/Indoor
environmnet with
poor Indoor Air
Quality (IAQ)
Top
Event
Acute
health
impact
1. Poor
housekeeping
2. Human error
Trip &
Fall
1. Human error
2. Insuffiecient of
working aid
3. Equipment design
Acute
health
impact
-
Risk
Rating
C2
Risk
Category
Low
D1
-
D1
Low
-
-
C3
Medium
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Acute:
Sleepiness,
Discomfort,
eyestrain,
allergies,
hypersensitivit
y,
pneumonitis,
asthma
1. Injury
2. Delay
rescue &
emergency
response
C2
-
-
D1
-
C3
-
Health effects:
Acute:
Muscular
discomfort;
eyestrain;
soreness to
soft tissues
(e.g. wrist)
Chronic:
Musculoskelet
al disorders
including
work-related
upper limb
disorders (e.g.
carpal tunnel
disorders,
rotator cuff
Control and Document
Control:
1. IAQ Study (as and
when required)
Control:
1. Work procedure or
JHA
Control Document:
1. Ergonomics Risk
Assessment Report
Hazard
. No.
Hazard
Activity
Location / Source of
Hazard
Threats
Top
Event
Consequences
injuries,
epicondylitis);
neck and back
injuries;
repetitive
strain injury
H-26
Psychological hazards
P
E
A
R
Risk
Rating
Risk
Category
Control and Document
Hazard
. No.
26.01
Hazard
Living on
the
job/away
from
family
Activity
Potential in all
operations
Location / Source of
Hazard
Living on the
job/away from family
Threats
Living on the
job/away from
family
Top
Event
Built up
psycho
social
pressur
e
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Psychosocial
impact:
Homesickness,
missing family
and social
events, unable
to be involved
in community,
feeling of
isolation and
missing part
of life. Drifting
away from
spouse and
family,
development
of different
interests and
friends,
threatened by
spouse's
independence
, wind-down
period at start
of break.
Inability to
support
spouse in
domestic
crisis. Difficult
to turn off in
leisure time
D2
-
-
-
Risk
Rating
D2
Risk
Category
Medium
Control and Document
Hazard
. No.
26.03
26.04
Hazard
Activity
Posttraumatic
stress
After an incident
Fatigue
Potential in all
operations (working
hours extends outside
the regular scheduled
shift hours)
Location / Source of
Hazard
Anxiety/ trauma after
witnessing an
incident
Anxiety/trauma after
witnessing the
incident.
1.Interruption in
scheduling
2. Insufficient
manpower
Working hours
extends outside the
regular scheduled
shift hours
Threats
Top
Event
Posttrauma
tic
stress
Acute
health
impact
-
Risk
Rating
C2
Risk
Category
Low
-
C3
Medium
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Psychosocial
impact
C2
-
-
Acute:
• fatigue
symptoms –
progressive
decline in
alertness and
performance,
sleepiness.
C3
-
-
Chronic –
examples of
associated
medical
conditions
mostly due to
body
Control and Document
Control:
1. Return to work
assessment (after the
incident) by UFC
Approved Medical
Examiner
2. Employee Assistance
Program (EAP) for
external counseling
Control:
1. UFC and GACAR 151
Management of Fatigue
Procedure
2. HSE Campaign Talk on
Fatigue & Stress
Management
Hazard
. No.
26.05
Hazard
Activity
Shift work
1.Refuelling operations
2. Schedulling
operations
Location / Source of
Hazard
Changing rest and
sleep patterns
associated with
activities.
Threats
Changing rest and
sleep patterns
associated with
activities.
Top
Event
Fatigue
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Acute:
• anxiety
• headache
• suicidal
thought
• cognitive,
emotional and
behavioural
symptoms
(impaired or
unsafe
performance
may lead to a
safety incident
or production
loss with
greater
potential
consequence),
• general
discomfort,
e.g. feeling
too hot/too
cold, stiff
neck, dry
throat/eyes,
stress
• panic attack
(may lead to a
safety incident
or production
loss)
• fatigue
symptoms –
C3
-
-
-
Risk
Rating
C3
Risk
Category
Medium
Control and Document
Control:
1.Proper Shift Scheduling
2. UFC Management of
Fatigue Procedure
3. HSE Campaign Talk on
Fatigue & Stress
Management
Hazard
. No.
Hazard
Activity
Location / Source of
Hazard
Threats
Top
Event
Consequences
progressive
decline in
alertness and
performance,
sleepiness.
Chronic –
examples of
associated
medical
conditions
mostly due to
body
H-27
Security-related hazards
P
E
A
R
Risk
Rating
Risk
Category
Control and Document
Hazard
. No.
27.02,
27.03
&
27.05
Hazard
Assault,
Sabotage,
Theft,
pilferage
Activity
Deliberate damage to
asset/product
H-28
28.01
Use of natural resources
Water
Water consumption,
e.g. for cleaning activity
H-29
29.01
Medical
Medical
unfitness
H-30
30.01
Noise
High-level
noise
Location / Source of
Hazard
Dissatisfied person
with hostile intent
Threats
1. Poor security
management
2. Poor employees
management.
Top
Event
Asset
damag
e/loss
-
Risk
Rating
C3
Risk
Category
Medium
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Asset
damage/loss
-
-
C3
Control and Document
Control:
1. Perimeter fence
Cooling water
1. Damaged water
pipe
2. Human error
Over
usage
of
water
supply
Water
resource
limited
creates water
shortage
-
B1
-
-
B1
Low
Potential in all
operations
Medically unfit staff
for the task
1. Assigned to
activities that the
staff is not fit to
perform
Advers
e
health
impact
Personal
injury
Poor job
performance
Interruption
to operations
C2
-
-
-
C2
Low
Control:
1. UFC Fitness to Work
Procedure
2. Fitness to Work
Assessment
1. Aircraft
2. Pump
1. Human error incorrect method of
wearing PPE
2. Incorrect PPE
specification inadequate Noise
Reduction Rating.
Acute:
Loud
steady
noise Tempo
rary
thresho
ld shift
Acute: Loud
steady noise Temporary
threshold shift
C2
-
-
-
C2
Low
Control:
1. Operating Procedure
2. PPE
3. Audiometric Test
4. Noise Monitoring
Over exposure to
high noise
Chronic
: Noise
induce
d
hearing
Chronic :
Noise induced
hearing loss
(Permanent
threshold
shift); tinnitus
(ringing in the
ears)
Hazard
. No.
Hazard
Activity
Location / Source of
Hazard
P 22
P 22.15
Toxic Substances / Spent materials / wastes (Solid)
Hazardous Generation of waste
1. Contaminated with
waste
during daily activities
hydrocarbon e.g rags
2. Unused chemical
3. e-waste e.g bulb
4. Used oil from
workshop
5. Oil based sludge
from tank cleaning
P 22.16
Non
hazardous
waste
Generation of waste
during daily activities
1. Office waste
2. Food waste
Threats
Improper
management of
scheduled waste
Improper disposal
Top
Event
loss
(Perma
nent
thresho
ld
shift);
tinnitus
(ringing
in the
ears)
Non
compli
ance
with
Schedu
led
Wastes
Regulat
ions
Land
contam
ination
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Risk
Rating
Risk
Category
1. Legal action
by authority
-
-
-
D2
D2
Medium
Control:
1. Operating procedure
1. Unhygienic
conditions
leading to
aesthetic
impact and
biological
hazards
2. Leachate
that end up in
water bodies
-
C1
-
-
C1
Low
Control:
1. Good housekeeping
2. Personal hygiene
Control and Document
Hazard
. No.
Hazard
Activity
Location / Source of
Hazard
Threats
Top
Event
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Risk
Rating
Risk
Category
-
B1
-
-
B1
Low
Control and Document
cause water
pollution
P 28
P 28.01
Use / Removal / depletion of natural resources
Fuel /
Running of
machineries/electrica
Electricity
machineries/electrical
l equipment, e.g.
equipment
pumps, control room
panel, lighting
Wastage of
fuel/electricity
Excessi
ve use
of fuel/
electric
ity
Depletion of
natural
resources
Control:
1. Operating procedure
Hazard
. No.
P 28.07
Hazard
Processing
Material
Activity
Cleaning activity
Location / Source of
Hazard
Cleaning agent - hand
liquid, floor cleaner,
dishwashing liquid,
toilet cleaner, glass
cleaner
Threats
Improper handling of
chemicals
Top
Event
Over
expose
to
Harmfu
l
Chemic
al /
Materi
al
Consequences
P
E
A
R
Health effects:
H335: May
cause
respiratory
irritation (HR:
3)
H373: May
cause damage
to organs
through
prolonged or
repeated
exposure (HR:
3)
H320: Causes
eye irritation
(HR: 2)
H319: Causes
serious eye
irritation (HR:
3)
H315: Causes
skin irritation
(HR: 2)
H314 Causes
serious eye
damage (HR 4)
H318 Causes
severe skin
burns and eye
damage (HR 4)
A4
-
-
-
Risk
Rating
A4
Risk
Category
Low
Control and Document
Generic CHRA for
Aviation Terminal