Creative Technologies – Grade 9
Individualized Learning Material
Quarter 1 – ILM 2: Basic Electronics
First Edition, 2020
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Published by Eastern Visayas Regional Science High School
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the ILM
Writers:
CORAZON MA. M. MUÑOZ
Reviewers:
Illustrator:
CORAZON MA. M. MUÑOZ
Layout Artist:
CORAZON MA. M. MUÑOZ
Management Team: MA. DIANA L. POMIDA
Printed in the Philippines by Eastern Visayas Regional Science High School
Department of Education – Region VIII
Office Address:
E-mail Address:
San Roque St., Catbaloagn City, Samar
evrshscatbr8@gmail.com
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9
Creative
Technologies 9
Quarter 1- ILM 2
Electronic Circuits
3
Welcome to the CREATIVE TECHNOLOGIES Grade 9 Alternative Delivery Mode
(ADM) Individualized Learning Material on Basic Electricity. This module was collaboratively
designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to
assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners to meet the standards set by the
K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in
schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and
circumstances.
For the Teacher
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their
own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they
do the tasks included in the module.
For the Learner:
Welcome to the Creative Technologies 9 Individualized Learning Material (ILM) on
Basic Electricity. This ILM was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This ILM has the following parts and corresponding icons:
Goals
Explore
This is the first part of the Individualized Learning Material
(ILM). In this part shows the enabling objectives with
Knowledge, Skills and Attitude. The objectives must be
unpacked from the Most Essential Learning Competencies
(MELCs).
This is the second part of the ILM. In this part, the teacher
can give an activity that will help the learner recall his/her
previous learning. Also, it will facilitate if the said activity will
help bridge the learner's past experiences with the new
lesson. The association with “a previous learning” does not
automatically mean the previous lesson but acquired
knowledge that will serve as clue or springboard to process
the new one.
The idea here is to come up with an activity that will cater to
both the review and motivation parts of the usual lesson.
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In this part of ILM, the new lesson will be introduced. A
number of authentic materials may be used to introduce the
lesson. Also, important concepts be emphasized here.
Learn
Apply
The teacher can present the lesson in a creative way instead
of just simply giving out the lesson or concepts. The activity
used as a springboard during the “Explore” part may be
dissected for discussion to serve as a concrete example if no
new material is presented. This part is similar to “abstraction”
of the 4As.
In this part of ILM the teacher can make use of graphic
organizers in crafting exercises or any activity where the
learner is still guided even though it is independent learning
on their end.
The teacher may give additional exercises that will enable the
learner transfer new knowledge or skill into real-life
experience or situation and engage in higher cognitive
thinking, such as problem-solution, cause-effect, etc.
Assess
This part will assess whether the learning competency is
achieved in a form of formative assessment to check the
understanding of the student of the lesson presented in the
ILM. The teacher may use different types of tests tailored-fit
to the content.
This is the last part of ILM wherein the teachers will ask
questions to students to reflect on his/her learning, the
problems encountered while utilizing the ILM.
Reflect
Sample questions:
1.What important concepts have you gained in the
lesson?
2.What are the difficulties have you encountered in the
process of learning?
3. How will you apply the lesson learned in real-life
situation?
References
This part will compile the references used in the ILM. IPA
format will be used to cite the references and separate the list
of books, electronic and websites.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module.
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Lesson
Electronic Circuits
2
This Individualized Learning Material (ILM) will help you recall concepts you have
previously studied and allow you to apply the basic concepts of basic electronics. These
knowledge and skills will aid you to comprehend different kinds of electronic circuit relevant
to robotics and how each kind operate as applied to robotics. As you go through this ILM,
you may consider these questions: What is a circuit? What are the different circuits relevant
to robotics? How do these circuits operate as applied to robotics? To find the answer,
explore this ILM with comprehension. If you find any difficulty in understanding some of the
contents in this module, seek the assistance of your teacher or peers or refer to the ILMs
you have studied earlier. You may check your work with your teacher.
Goals
At the end of exploring this ILM, the student is expected to:


Differentiate the different kinds of electronic circuit relevant to robotics
(SSP_TLE-CT9BE -Ib-2.2); and
Describe the operation of each kind of circuit as applied to robotics
(SSP_TLE-CT9BE -Ib-2.3).
Explore
ACTIVITY 1: It’s in a Loop?
Find the hidden words within the grid of letters.
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Learn
Useful electric current can only move through a path
of conductive material. This path is called a circuit. What are
circuits? A circuit is a path that electric current flows around.
Current flows from a power source to a load. The load
converts the electric energy into another type of energy A light
bulb is a load that converts electrical energy into light and
heat energy. What are some other types of loads? What type
of energy do they convert the electric energy into?
WIRES
Why are circuits connected with wires? Wires are made out of metal which is a
conductive material. A conductive material is one that electricity can travel through easily.
Which of these materials are conductive? Encircle the material of your choice from the box.
Water (dirty
Glass
Concrete
Wood
String
Cotton (fabric)
Aluminum
Graphite
Air
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Foil
Styrofoam
OPEN VS. CLOSED CIRCUIT
An electric circuit might be open or closed.
CLOSED!
OPEN!
Why didn’t the light bulb turn on in the open circuit?
An open circuit is a path for electric current that has a gap (no current can flow).In the
open circuit the current cannot flow from one end of the power source to the other. Because
of this there is no current flow, and therefore the light does not turn on. A closed circuit is an
unbroken path for electric current (no gaps, current can flow). For a closed circuit there must
be a voltage source, the path for current to flow must be complete and uninterrupted, current
path has resistance which generates heat and/or limits the flow of current.
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT
There are two types of electrical circuit, parallel circuits and series circuits. Parallel
circuits provide several different paths for the electrical current. Series circuits force the
current through a single path; in other words, the electricity flows through all the electrical
components of a series circuit one after the other.
In a television series, you get several
episodes, one after the other. A series circuit is
similar. You get several components one after the
other. If you follow the circuit diagram from one
side of the cell to the other, you should pass
through all the different components, one after the
other, without any branches.
If you put more lamps into a series circuit, the lamps will be
dimmer than before. In a series circuit, if a lamp breaks or a component is
disconnected, the circuit is broken and all the components stop working.
Series circuits are useful if you want a warning that one of the
components in the circuit has failed. They also use less wiring than
parallel circuits.
In parallel circuits different components are connected on
different branches of the wire. If you follow the circuit diagram
from one side of the cell to the other, you can only pass through
all the different components if you follow all the branches.
In a parallel circuit, if a lamp breaks
or a component is disconnected from one
parallel wire, the components on different
branches keep working. And, unlike a series
circuit, the lamps stay bright if you add more lamps in parallel. Parallel
circuits are useful if you want everything to work, even if one
component has failed. This is why our homes are wired up with
parallel circuits.
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SHORT CIRCUIT
Current follows the path of „least resistance‟. Resistance is
provided by the light bulb. In this case the light bulb will not turn on
because all the current will flow though the path with just a wire and
none through the path with the light bulb.
Which of these light bulbs will turn on?
CIRCUIT ELEMENTS
Circuits are not only made up of power sources and loads. What are some other
circuit elements?
 Switches
 Resistors
 Capacitors
 Inductors
 Transistors
SWITCHES
Most electrical devices have a switch in the circuit to
make it easy to close (turn on) and open (turn off) the circuit.
When a switch is open no current can flow through it, when a
switch is closed current flows through it. A switch is a tool to
open and close a circuit.
RESISTORS
A resistor Is a circuit
element that can control the
current flowing through a circuit.
A resistor with a small resistance
value will allow more current
through the circuit. This is
governed by Ohm‟s Law:
Where I is the current, V is the
voltage (provided by the power
source) and R is the resistance
(from the resistor). The resistivity
value of a resistor can be
determined by the colored stripes
on the resistor.
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Apply
ACTIVITY 1. Circuit With a Switch
Parts and Materials:
6-volt battery
Low-voltage incandescent lamp (Radio Shack catalog # 272-1130 or equivalent)
Long lengths of wire, 22-gauge or larger
Household light switch (these are readily available at any hardware store)
Learning objectives
1. Make a simple circuit with a switch using a schematic diagram.
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
ILLUSTRATION
PROCEDURES:
1. Build a one-battery, one-switch, one-lamp circuit as shown in the schematic diagram
and in the illustration.
2. This circuit is most impressive when the wires are long, as it shows how the switch is
able to control circuit current no matter how physically large the circuit may be.
3. When the switch is turned off, it is said to be open, and the lamp will go out just the
same as if a wire were pulled loose from a terminal. Note: As before, any break in
the circuit at any location causes the lamp to immediately de-energize (darken).
4. Take a short video clip of you doing the activity successfully and send it to your ICT
teacher on October 17, 2020.
Assess
Choose the correct answer from the choices. Write your answer on
your answer sheet.
1. In a simple series circuit, why does the bulb light when you close the switch?
a. Because the switch produces electricity
b. Because closing the switch completes the circuit
c. Because closing the switch breaks the circuit
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2. In a simple series circuit, why does the bulb go out when you open the switch?
a. Because the battery goes flat
b. Because opening the switch breaks the circuit
c. Because too much electricity flows through the bulb
3. Imagine a simple series circuit with one 1.5V battery and one bulb. When the 1.5V
battery is replaced with a 3V battery ...
a. the bulb gets brighter
b. the bulb gets dimmer
c. the bulb stays at the same level of brightness
4. Imagine a circuit with a 1.5V battery and one bulb. Imagine a similar circuit with a 3V
battery and two bulbs. Which has the brightest bulbs?
a. The circuit with a 1.5V battery and one bulb
b. The circuit with a 3V battery and two bulbs
c. The bulbs in both circuits are of similar brightness levels
5. Why might a bulb flash and go out when a 1.5V battery and a 3V battery are both
connected across it in a simple series circuit?
a. There is not enough electricity flowing around the circuit
b. Too much electricity flows through the bulb's filament and the bulb blows
c. The batteries are flat
6. What is the effect of changing the wire in a circuit from a straight thick wire to a straight
thin wire?
a. The bulbs become dimmer
b. The bulbs become brighter
c. The bulbs stay at the same level of brightness
7. What is the effect of changing the wire in a circuit from a straight thick wire to a longer
(coiled) thick wire?
a. The bulbs become dimmer
b. The bulbs become brighter
c. The bulbs stay at the same level of brightness
8. In a circuit diagram, what does a circle with a cross inside it represent?
a. A light bulb
b. A motor
c. A battery
9. What do the long straight lines represent in a circuit diagram?
a. Motors
b. Light bulbs
c. Wires
10. How is a battery represented in a circuit diagram?
a. A circle with a cross inside it
b. A circle with an M inside it
c. A long line and a short line
Reflect
1.
What important concepts have you learned in this lesson?
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2. What are the difficulties have you encountered in the process of learning?
3. In your future career, do you think you can apply this lesson in real life? Why or
why not?
References
Shamieh, Cathleen. (2020). Electronic for Dummies. (3rd Edition). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley
& Sons, Inc.
Dixon, Philip. (2018). Electronics for Absolute Beginners. (1st Edition).
An Introduction to Electronics. (2017). The Open University.
Answers
Explore
Assess
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