Notes
Waves:

Direction of wave propagation is in direction of E x B

Axis looks like this:

General form of wave propagation: B = B0*sin(kz-wt) and E = E0*sin(kz-wt)
Solenoids:

For a rectangular path including the middle of the solenoid and the outside of the solenoid, the
enclosed current equals the number of turns N divided by the solenoids length L multiplied by the
𝑁
length of the path l and the current I: Ienc = 𝐿 l*I

Inductance is related to this equation: N*Φm = L*I, where Φm = B*A
Interference:

For single slits:
o Minima corresponds to m
o There is always one less maxima than minima
o sin θ = x/wavelength
o dsin θ = a (slit difference)/wavelength
o Maximum number of minima occurs when sin θ = 1, so n = a (slit difference)/wavelength
times 2 for both sides
o Maximum number of maxima is maximum number of minima – 1 times two for both sides
and then +1 to include central bright fringe

For double slits:
o Minima corresponds to m + ½
o sin θ = x/wavelength
o dsin θ = d (length between slits)/wavelength

Single and double split has central bright fringe while double slit with single slit before it causes
central dark slit

For double slits (with same slit length), intensity of other maxima is same as central maxima

With different slit length, intensity gets smaller farther away from x = 0
Polarization:

If unpolarized, initial angle doesn’t matter and intensity is equal to ½ I0

Otherwise, subtract first angle from next angle for consecutive filters to find intensity
Thin-Film Interference:

There is a /2 phase change when light travels from a medium with a smaller index of refraction to
a larger one and no phase change when light travels from a medium with a larger index of refraction
to a smaller one

For constructive interference, phase change must add up to whole numbers

For destructive interference, phase change must add up to some whole number multiple of /2

To find thinnest film, use /n where n is the index of refraction for the film, as the wavelength
value in 2t = m or 2t = (m+1/2) 

Whether constructive or destructive, remember first multiple of interference if whole number
multiple is 0
Loops, Current, Magnetic Field

When solving for induced emf, take absolute value

The emf can be used in Ohm’s Law for finding current or resistance

Induced emf goes in same direction as induced current and it can be found by pointing thumb in
direction of counteracting magnetic field and seeing which way your fingers curl

Don’t worry about Lenz’s Law in problem with moving bar