Thermodynamic Tables EMEC320 P1: PBY/PBR
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APPENDIX
SI Units:
Single-State
Properties
A
TABLE A.1
Conversion Factors
Area (A)
1 mm2 = 1.0 × 10−6 m2
1 cm2 = 1.0 × 10−4 m2 = 0.1550 in.2
1 m2 = 10.7639 ft2
1 ft2 = 144 in.2
1 in.2 = 6.4516 cm2 = 6.4516 × 10−4 m2
1 ft2 = 0.092 903 m2
Conductivity (k)
1 W/m-K = 1 J/s-m-K
= 0.577 789 Btu/h-ft-◦ R
1 Btu/h-ft-R = 1.730 735 W/m-K
Density (ρ)
1 kg/m3 = 0.06242797 lbm/ft3
1 g/cm3 = 1000 kg/m3
1 g/cm3 = 1 kg/L
Energy (E, U)
1J
= 1 N-m = 1 kg-m2 /s2
1J
= 0.737 562 lbf-ft
1 cal (Int.) = 4.18681 J
1 erg
1 eV
= 1.0 × 10−7 J
= 1.602 177 33 × 10−19 J
Force (F)
1 N = 0.224809 lbf
1 kp = 9.80665 N (1 kgf)
1 lbm/ft3 = 16.018 46 kg/m3
l lbf-ft = 1.355 818 J
= 1.28507 × 10−3 Btu
1 Btu (Int.) = 1.055 056 kJ
= 778.1693 lbf-ft
1 lbf = 4.448 222 N
Gravitation
g = 9.80665 m/s2
g = 32.17405 ft/s2
Heat capacity (C p , C v , C), specific entropy (s)
1 kJ/kg-K = 0.238 846 Btu/lbm-◦ R
1 Btu/lbm-◦ R = 4.1868 kJ/kg-K
Heat flux (per unit area)
1 W/m2 = 0.316 998 Btu/h-ft2
1 Btu/h-ft2 = 3.15459 W/m2
755
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APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.1 (continued )
Conversion Factors
Heat-transfer coefficient (h)
1 W/m2 -K = 0.176 11 Btu/h-ft2 -◦ R
1 Btu/h-ft2 -◦ R = 5.67826 W/m2 -K
Length (L)
1 mm = 0.001 m = 0.1 cm
1 cm = 0.01 m = 10 mm = 0.3970 in.
1 m = 3.28084 ft = 39.370 in.
1 km = 0.621 371 mi
1 mi = 1609.3 m (US statute)
1 ft = 12 in.
1 in. = 2.54 cm = 0.0254 m
1 ft = 0.3048 m
1 mi = 1.609344 km
1 yd = 0.9144 m
Mass (m)
1 kg = 2.204 623 lbm
1 tonne = 1000 kg
1 grain = 6.47989 × 10−5 kg
1 lbm = 0.453 592 kg
1 slug = 14.5939 kg
1 ton = 2000 lbm
Moment (torque, T)
1 N-m = 0.737 562 lbf-ft
1 lbf-ft = 1.355 818 N-m
Momentum (mV )
1 kg-m/s = 7.232 94 lbm-ft/s
= 0.224809 lbf-s
Power ( Q̇, Ẇ)
1W
1 lbm-ft/s = 0.138 256 kg-m/s
= 1 J/s = 1 N-m/s
= 0.737 562 lbf-ft/s
IkW
= 3412.14 Btu/h
1 hp (metric) = 0.735 499 kW
1 Btu/s
1 hp (UK)
1 ton of
refrigeration = 3.516 85 kW
1 ton of
refrigeration = 12 000 Btu/h
Pressure (P)
1 Pa
1 bar
1 arm
= 1 N/m2 = 1 kg/m-s2
= 1.0 × 105 Pa = 100 kPa
= 101.325 kPa
= 1.01325 bar
= 760 mm Hg [0◦ C]
= 10.332 56 m H2 O [4◦ C]
1 torr
= 1 mm Hg [0◦ C]
1 mm Hg [0◦ C] = 0.133 322 kPa
1 m H2 O [4◦ C] = 9.806 38 kPa
Specific energy (e, u)
1 kJ/kg = 0.42992 Btu/lbm
= 334.55 lbf-ft/lbm
1 lbf-ft/s
=1.355 818 W
= 4.626 24 Btu/h
= 1.055 056 kW
= 0.7457 kW
= 550 lbf-ft/s
= 2544.43 Btu/h
1 lbf/in.2
= 6.894 757 kPa
1 atm
= 14.695 94 lbf/in.2
= 29.921 in. Hg [32◦ F]
= 33.899 5 ft H2 O [4◦ C]
1 in. Hg [0◦ C] = 0.49115 lbf/in.2
1 in. H2 O [4◦ C] = 0.036126 lbf/in.2
1 Btu/lbm = 2.326 kJ/kg
1 lbf-ft/lbm = 2.98907 × 10−3 kJ/kg
= 1.28507 × 10−3 Btu/lbm
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APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.1 (continued )
Conversion Factors
Specific kinetic energy ( 12 V2 )
1 m2 /s2 = 0.001 kJ/kg
1 kJ/kg = 1000 m2 /s2
Specific potential energy (Zg)
1 m-gstd = 9.80665 × 10−3 kJ/kg
= 4.21607 × 10−3 Btu/lbm
1 ft2 /s2
= 3.9941 × 10−5 Btu/lbm
1 Btu/lbm = 25037 ft2 /s2
l ft-gstd = 1.0 lbf-ft/lbm
= 0.001285 Btu/lbm
= 0.002989 kJ/kg
Specific volume (v)
1 cm3 /g = 0.001 m3 /kg
1 cm3 /g = 1 L/kg
1 m3 /kg = 16.01846 ft3 /lbm
1 ft3 /lbm = 0.062 428 m3 /kg
Temperature (T)
1 K = 1◦ C = 1.8 R = 1.8 F
TC = TK − 273.15
= (TF − 32)/1.8
TK = TR/1.8
1 R = (5/9) K
TF = TR − 459.67
= 1.8 TC + 32
TR = 1.8 TK
Universal Gas Constant
R̄ = N0 k = 8.31451 kJ/kmol-K
= 1.98589 kcal/kmol-K
= 82.0578 atm-L/kmol-K
R̄ = 1.98589 Btu/lbmol-R
= 1545.36 lbf-ft/lbmol-R
= 0.73024 atm-ft3 /lbmol-R
= 10.7317 (lbf/in.2 )-ft3 /lbmol-R
Velcoity (V)
1 m/s = 3.6 km/h
= 3.28084 ft/s
= 2.23694 mi/h
1 km/h = 0.27778 m/s
= 0.91134 ft/s
= 0.62137 mi/h
1 ft/s = 0.681818 mi/h
= 0.3048 m/s
= 1.09728 km/h
1 mi/h = 1.46667 ft/s
= 0.44704 m/s
= 1.609344 km/h
Volume (V )
1 m3
= 35.3147 ft3
1L
= 1 dm3 = 0.001 m3
1 Gal (US) = 3.785 412 L
= 3.785 412 × 10−3 m3
1 ft3
= 2.831 685 × 10−2 m3
1 in.3
= 1.6387 × 10−5 m3
1 Gal (UK) = 4.546 090 L
1 Gal (US) = 231.00 in.3
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APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.2
Critical Constants
Substance
Formula
Molec.
Mass
Temp.
(K)
Press.
(MPa)
Vol.
(m3 /kg)
Ammonia
Argon
Bromine
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Chlorine
Fluorine
Helium
Hydrogen (normal)
Krypton
Neon
Nitric oxide
Nitrogen
Nitrogen dioxide
Nitrous oxide
Oxygen
Sulfur dioxide
Water
Xenon
Acetylene
Benzene
n-Butane
Chlorodifluoroethane (142b)
Chlorodifluoromethane (22)
Dichlorofluoroethane (141)
Dichlorotrifluoroethane (123)
Difluoroethane (152a)
Difluoromethane (32)
Ethane
Ethyl alcohol
Ethylene
n-Heptane
n-Hexane
Methane
Methyl alcohol
n-Octane
Pentafluoroethane (125)
n-Pentane
Propane
NH3
Ar
Br2
CO2
CO
C12
F2
He
H2
Kr
Ne
NO
N2
NO2
N2 O
O2
SO2
H2 O
Xe
C2 H2
C 6 H6
C4 H10
CH3 CClF2
CHClF2
CH3 CCl2 F
CHCl2 CF3
CHF2 CH3
CF2 H2
C 2 H6
C2 H5 OH
C 2 H4
C7 H16
C6 H14
CH4
CH3 OH
C8 H18
CHF2 CF3
C5 H12
C 3 H8
17.031
39.948
159.808
44.01
28.01
70.906
37.997
4.003
2.016
83.80
20.183
30.006
28.013
46.006
44.013
31.999
64.063
18.015
131.30
26.038
78.114
58.124
100.495
86.469
116.95
152.93
66.05
52.024
30.070
46.069
28.054
100.205
86.178
16.043
32.042
114.232
120.022
72.151
44.094
405.5
150.8
588
304.1
132.9
416.9
144.3
5.19
33.2
209.4
44.4
180
126.2
431
309.6
154.6
430.8
647.3
289.7
308.3
562.2
425.2
410.3
369.3
481.5
456.9
386.4
351.3
305.4
513.9
282.4
540.3
507.5
190.4
512.6
568.8
339.2
469.7
369.8
11.35
4.87
10.30
7.38
3.50
7.98
5.22
0.227
1.30
5.50
2.76
6.48
3.39
10.1
7.24
5.04
7.88
22.12
5.84
6.14
4.89
3.80
4.25
4.97
4.54
3.66
4.52
5.78
4.88
6.14
5.04
2.74
3.01
4.60
8.09
2.49
3.62
3.37
4.25
0.00426
0.00188
0.000796
0.00212
0.00333
0.00175
0.00174
0.0143
0.0323
0.00109
0.00206
0.00192
0.0032
0.00365
0.00221
0.00229
0.00191
0.00317
0.000902
0.00433
0.00332
0.00439
0.00230
0.00191
0.00215
0.00182
0.00272
0.00236
0.00493
0.00363
0.00465
0.00431
0.00429
0.00615
0.00368
0.00431
0.00176
0.00421
0.00454
Propene
Refrigerant mixture
Tetrafluoroethane (134a)
C3 H6
R-410a
CF3 CH2 F
42.081
72.585
102.03
364.9
344.5
374.2
4.60
4.90
4.06
0.00430
0.00218
0.00197
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APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.3
TABLE A.4
Properties of Selected Solids at 25◦ C
Properties of Some Liquids at 25◦ C ∗
Substance
Asphalt
Brick, common
Carbon, diamond
Carbon, graphite
Coal
Concrete
Glass, plate
Glass, wool
Granite
Ice (0◦ C)
Paper
Plexiglass
Polystyrene
Polyvinyl chloride
Rubber, soft
Sand, dry
Salt, rock
Silicon
Snow, firm
Wood, hard (oak)
Wood, soft (pine)
Wool
Metals
Aluminum
Brass, 60–40
Copper, commercial
Gold
Iron, cast
Iron, 304 St Steel
Lead
Magnesium, 2% Mn
Nickel, 10% Cr
Silver, 99.9% Ag
Sodium
Tin
Tungsten
Zinc
ρ
(kg/m3 )
2120
1800
3250
2000–2500
1200–1500
2200
2500
20
2750
917
700
1180
920
1380
1100
1500
2100–2500
2330
560
720
510
100
2700
8400
8300
19300
7272
7820
11340
1778
8666
10524
971
7304
19300
7144
Cp
(kJ/kg-K)
0.92
0.84
0.51
0.61
1.26
0.88
0.80
0.66
0.89
2.04
1.2
1.44
2.3
0.96
1.67
0.8
0.92
0.70
2.1
1.26
1.38
1.72
0.90
0.38
0.42
0.13
0.42
0.46
0.13
1.00
0.44
0.24
1.21
0.22
0.13
0.39
Substance
ρ
(kg/m3 )
Ammonia
Benzene
Butane
CCl4
CO2
Ethanol
Gasoline
Glycerine
Kerosene
Methanol
n-Octane
Oil engine
Oil light
Propane
R-12
R-22
R-32
R-125
R-134a
R-410a
Water
604
879
556
1584
680
783
750
1260
815
787
692
885
910
510
1310
1190
961
1191
1206
1059
997
4.84
1.72
2.47
0.83
2.9
2.46
2.08
2.42
2.0
2.55
2.23
1.9
1.8
2.54
0.97
1.26
1.94
1.41
1.43
1.69
4.18
10040
10660
13580
887
828
929
6950
6570
0.14
0.16
0.14
1.13
0.81
1.38
0.24
0.50
Liquid metals
Bismuth, Bi
Lead, Pb
Mercury, Hg
NaK (56/44)
Potassium, K
Sodium, Na
Tin, Sn
Zinc, Zn
∗ Or
T melt if higher.
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(kJ/kg-K)
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APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.5
Properties of Various Ideal Gases at 25◦ C, 100 kPa∗ (SI Units)
Gas
Chemical
Formula
Molecular
Mass (kg/kmol)
R
(kJ/kg-K)
ρ
(kg/m3 )
C p0
(kJ/kg-K)
C v0
(kJ/kg-K)
k=
Steam
Acetylene
Air
Ammonia
Argon
Butane
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Ethane
Ethanol
Ethylene
Helium
Hydrogen
Methane
Methanol
Neon
Nitric oxide
Nitrogen
Nitrous oxide
n-Octane
Oxygen
Propane
R-12
R-22
R-32
R-125
R-134a
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur trioxide
H2 O
C2 H2
—
NH3
Ar
C4 H10
CO2
CO
C2 H6
C2 H5 OH
C2 H4
He
H2
CH4
CH3 OH
Ne
NO
N2
N2 O
C8 H18
O2
C3 H8
CCl2 F2
CHClF2
CF2 H2
CHF2 CF3
CF3 CH2 F
SO2
SO3
18.015
26.038
28.97
17.031
39.948
58.124
44.01
28.01
30.07
46.069
28.054
4.003
2.016
16.043
32.042
20.183
30.006
28.013
44.013
114.23
31.999
44.094
120.914
86.469
52.024
120.022
102.03
64.059
80.053
0.4615
0.3193
0.287
0.4882
0.2081
0.1430
0.1889
0.2968
0.2765
0.1805
0.2964
2.0771
4.1243
0.5183
0.2595
0.4120
0.2771
0.2968
0.1889
0.07279
0.2598
0.1886
0.06876
0.09616
0.1598
0.06927
0.08149
0.1298
0.10386
0.0231
1.05
1.169
0.694
1.613
2.407
1.775
1.13
1.222
1.883
1.138
0.1615
0.0813
0.648
1.31
0.814
1.21
1.13
1.775
0.092
1.292
1.808
4.98
3.54
2.125
4.918
4.20
2.618
3.272
1.872
1.699
1.004
2.130
0.520
1.716
0.842
1.041
1.766
1.427
1.548
5.193
14.209
2.254
1.405
1.03
0.993
1.042
0.879
1.711
0.922
1.679
0.616
0.658
0.822
0.791
0.852
0.624
0.635
1.410
1.380
0.717
1.642
0.312
1.573
0.653
0.744
1.490
1.246
1.252
3.116
10.085
1.736
1.146
0.618
0.716
0.745
0.690
1.638
0.662
1.490
0.547
0.562
0.662
0.722
0.771
0.494
0.531
1.327
1.231
1.400
1.297
1.667
1.091
1.289
1.399
1.186
1.145
1.237
1.667
1.409
1.299
1.227
1.667
1.387
1.400
1.274
1.044
1.393
1.126
1.126
1.171
1.242
1.097
1.106
1.263
1.196
∗ Or
Cp
Cv
saturation pressure if it is less than 100 kPa.
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APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
761
TABLE A.6
Constant-Pressure Specific Heats of Various Ideal Gases†
C ρ0 = C 0 + C 1 θ + C 2 θ 2 + C 3 θ 3
(kJ/kg K)
θ = T(Kelvin)/1000
Gas
Formula
C0
C1
C2
C3
Steam
Acetylene
Air
Ammonia
Argon
Butane
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Ethane
Ethanol
Ethylene
Helium
Hydrogen
Methane
Methanol
Neon
Nitric oxide
Nitrogen
Nitrous oxide
n-Octane
Oxygen
Propane
R-12∗
R-22∗
R-32∗
R-125∗
R-134a∗
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur trioxide
H2 O
C 2 H2
—
NH3
Ar
C4 H10
CO2
CO
C 2 H6
C2 H5 OH
C 2 H4
He
H2
CH4
CH3 OH
Ne
NO
N2
N2 O
C8 H18
O2
C 3 H8
CCl2 F2
CHClF2
CF2 H2
CHF2 CF3
CF3 CH2 F
SO2
SO3
1.79
1.03
1.05
1.60
0.52
0.163
0.45
1.10
0.18
0.2
0.136
5.193
13.46
1.2
0.66
1.03
0.98
1.11
0.49
−0.053
0.88
−0.096
0.26
0.2
0.227
0.305
0.165
0.37
0.24
0.107
2.91
−0.365
1.4
0
5.70
1.67
−0.46
5.92
−4.65
5.58
0
4.6
3.25
2.21
0
−0.031
−0.48
1.65
6.75
−0.0001
6.95
1.47
1.87
2.27
1.68
2.81
1.05
1.7
0.586
−1.92
0.85
1.0
0
−1.906
−1.27
1.0
−2.31
−1.82
−3.0
0
−6.85
0.75
0.81
0
0.325
0.96
−1.31
−3.67
0.54
−3.6
−1.25
−1.35
−0.93
−0.284
−2.23
−0.77
−1.5
−0.20
0.54
−0.39
−0.7
0
−0.049
0.39
−0.454
0.29
0.03
0.63
0
3.79
−0.71
−0.89
0
−0.14
−0.42
0.42
0.775
−0.33
0.73
0.36
0.35
0.041
0
1.11
0.21
0.46
† Approximate
∗ Formula
forms valid from 250 K to 1200 K.
limited to maximum 500 K.
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APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A7.1
Ideal-Gas Properties of Air, Standard Entropy at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar) Pressure
T
(K)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s0T
(kJ/kg-K)
T
(K)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s0T
(kJ/kg-K)
200
220
240
260
280
290
298.15
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
620
640
660
680
700
720
740
760
780
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
142.77
157.07
171.38
185.70
200.02
207.19
213.04
214.36
228.73
243.11
257.53
271.99
286.49
301.04
315.64
330.31
345.04
359.84
374.73
389.69
404.74
419.87
435.10
450.42
465.83
481.34
496.94
512.64
528.44
544.33
560.32
576.40
592.58
633.42
674.82
716.76
759.19
802.10
845.45
200.17
220.22
240.27
260.32
280.39
290.43
298.62
300.47
320.58
340.70
360.86
381.06
401.30
421.59
441.93
462.34
482.81
503.36
523.98
544.69
565.47
586.35
607.32
628.38
649.53
670.78
692.12
713.56
735.10
756.73
778.46
800.28
822.20
877.40
933.15
989.44
1046.22
1103.48
1161.18
6.46260
6.55812
6.64535
6.72562
6.79998
6.83521
6.86305
6.86926
6.93413
6.99515
7.05276
7.10735
7.15926
7.20875
7.25607
7.30142
7.34499
7.38692
7.42736
7.46642
7.50422
7.54084
7.57638
7.61090
7.64448
7.67717
7.70903
7.74010
7.77044
7.80008
7.82905
7.85740
7.88514
7.95207
8.01581
8.07667
8.13493
8.19081
8.24449
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
1550
1600
1650
1700
1750
1800
1850
1900
1950
2000
2050
2100
2150
2200
2250
2300
2350
2400
2450
2500
2550
2600
2650
2700
2750
2800
2850
2900
2950
3000
845.45
889.21
933.37
977.89
1022.75
1067.94
1113.43
1159.20
1205.25
1251.55
1298.08
1344.83
1391.80
1438.97
1486.33
1533.87
1581.59
1629.47
1677.52
1725.71
1774.06
1822.54
1871.16
1919.91
1968.79
2017.79
2066.91
2116.14
2165.48
2214.93
2264.48
2314.13
2363.88
2413.73
2463.66
2513.69
2563.80
2613.99
2664.27
1161.18
1219.30
1277.81
1336.68
1395.89
1455.43
1515.27
1575.40
1635.80
1696.45
1757.33
1818.44
1879.76
1941.28
2002.99
2064.88
2126.95
2189.19
2251.58
2314.13
2376.82
2439.66
2502.63
2565.73
2628.96
2692.31
2755.78
2819.37
2883.06
2946.86
3010.76
3074.77
3138.87
3203.06
3267.35
3331.73
3396.19
3460.73
3525.36
8.24449
8.29616
8.34596
8.39402
8.44046
8.48539
8.52891
8.57111
8.61208
8.65185
8.69051
8.72811
8.76472
8.80039
8.83516
8.86908
8.90219
8.93452
8.96611
8.99699
9.02721
9.05678
9.08573
9.11409
9.14189
9.16913
9.19586
9.22208
9.24781
9.27308
9.29790
9.32228
9.34625
9.36980
9.39297
9.41576
9.43818
9.46025
9.48198
2nd Confirming Pages
20:45
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appa
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
763
TABLE A7.2
The Isentropic Relative Pressure and Relative Volume Functions
T[K]
Pr
vr
T[K]
Pr
vr
T[K]
200
220
240
260
280
290
298.15
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
620
640
660
680
700
0.2703
0.3770
0.5109
0.6757
0.8756
0.9899
1.0907
1.1146
1.3972
1.7281
2.1123
2.5548
3.0612
3.6373
4.2892
5.0233
5.8466
6.7663
7.7900
8.9257
10.182
11.568
13.092
14.766
16.598
18.600
20.784
23.160
493.47
389.15
313.27
256.58
213.26
195.36
182.29
179.49
152.73
131.20
113.65
99.188
87.137
77.003
68.409
61.066
54.748
49.278
44.514
40.344
36.676
33.436
30.561
28.001
25.713
23.662
21.818
20.155
700
720
740
760
780
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
1550
1600
1650
1700
1750
1800
1850
1900
23.160
25.742
28.542
31.573
34.851
38.388
48.468
60.520
74.815
91.651
111.35
134.25
160.73
191.17
226.02
265.72
310.74
361.62
418.89
483.16
554.96
634.97
723.86
822.33
931.14
1051.05
1182.9
1327.5
20.155
18.652
17.289
16.052
14.925
13.897
11.695
9.9169
8.4677
7.2760
6.2885
5.4641
4.7714
4.1859
3.6880
3.2626
2.8971
2.5817
2.3083
2.0703
1.8625
1.6804
1.52007
1.37858
1.25330
1.14204
1.04294
0.95445
1900
1950
2000
2050
2100
2150
2200
2250
2300
2350
2400
2450
2500
2550
2600
2650
2700
2750
2800
2850
2900
2950
3000
Pr
1327.5
1485.8
1658.6
1847.1
2052.1
2274.8
2516.2
2777.5
3059.9
3364.6
3693.0
4046.2
4425.8
4833.0
5269.5
5736.7
6236.2
6769.7
7338.7
7945.1
8590.7
9277.2
10007
vr
0.95445
0.87521
0.80410
0.74012
0.68242
0.63027
0.58305
0.54020
0.50124
0.46576
0.43338
0.40378
0.37669
0.35185
0.32903
0.30805
0.28872
0.27089
0.25443
0.23921
0.22511
0.21205
0.19992
The relative pressure and relative volume are temperature functions calculated with two
scaling constants A1 , A2 .
Pr = exp[sT0 /R − A1 ];
such that for an isentropic process (s1 = s2 )
0
C p /R
P2
Pr 2
e ST2 /R
T2
=
= S 0 /R ≈
P1
Pr 1
T1
e T1
vr = A2 T /Pr
and
v2
vr 2
=
≈
v1
vr 1
T1
T2
Cv /R
where the near equalities are for the constant heat capacity approximation.
2nd Confirming Pages
20:45
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appa
764
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.8
Ideal-Gas Properties of Various Substances, Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar) Pressure,
Mass Basis
Nitrogen, Diatomic (N2 )
R = 0.2968 kJ/kg-K
M = 28.013 kg/kmol
Oxygen, Diatomic (O2 )
R = 0.2598 kJ/kg-K
M = 31.999 kg/kmol
T
(K)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s 0T
(kJ/kg-K)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s 0T
(kJ/kg-K)
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
3000
148.39
185.50
222.63
259.80
297.09
334.57
372.35
410.52
449.16
488.34
528.09
568.45
609.41
650.98
693.13
735.85
779.11
867.14
957.00
1048.46
1141.35
1235.50
1330.72
1426.89
1523.90
1621.66
1720.07
1819.08
1918.62
2018.63
2119.08
2219.93
2321.13
2422.66
2524.50
2626.62
2729.00
207.75
259.70
311.67
363.68
415.81
468.13
520.75
573.76
627.24
681.26
735.86
791.05
846.85
903.26
960.25
1017.81
1075.91
1193.62
1313.16
1434.31
1556.87
1680.70
1805.60
1931.45
2058.15
2185.58
2313.68
2442.36
2571.58
2701.28
2831.41
2961.93
3092.81
3224.03
3355.54
3487.34
3619.41
6.4250
6.6568
6.8463
7.0067
7.1459
7.2692
7.3800
7.4811
7.5741
7.6606
7.7415
7.8176
7.8897
7.9581
8.0232
8.0855
8.1451
8.2572
8.3612
8.4582
8.5490
8.6345
8.7151
8.7914
8.8638
8.9327
8.9984
9.0612
9.1213
9.1789
9.2343
9.2876
9.3389
9.3884
9.4363
9.4825
9.5273
129.84
162.41
195.20
228.37
262.10
296.52
331.72
367.70
404.46
441.97
480.18
519.02
558.46
598.44
638.90
679.80
721.11
804.80
889.72
975.72
1062.67
1150.48
1239.10
1328.49
1418.63
1509.50
1601.10
1693.41
1786.44
1880.17
1974.60
2069.71
2165.50
2261.94
2359.01
2546.70
2554.97
181.81
227.37
273.15
319.31
366.03
413.45
461.63
510.61
560.36
610.86
662.06
713.90
766.33
819.30
872.75
926.65
980.95
1090.62
1201.53
1313.51
1426.44
1540.23
1654.83
1770.21
1886.33
2003.19
2120.77
2239.07
2358.08
2477.79
2598.20
2719.30
2841.07
2963.49
3086.55
3210.22
3334.48
6.0466
6.2499
6.4168
6.5590
6.6838
6.7954
6.8969
6.9903
7.0768
7.1577
7.2336
7.3051
7.3728
7.4370
7.4981
7.5564
7.6121
7.7166
7.8131
7.9027
7.9864
8.0649
8.1389
8.2088
8.2752
8.3384
8.3987
8.4564
8.5117
8.5650
8.6162
8.6656
8.7134
8.7596
8.8044
8.8478
8.8899
2nd Confirming Pages
20:45
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GTBL057-appa
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
765
TABLE A.8 (continued )
Ideal-Gas Properties of Various Substances, Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar) Pressure,
Mass Basis
Nitrogen, Diatomic (CO2 )
R = 0.1889 kJ/kg-K
M = 44.010 kg/kmol
Water (H2 O)
R = 0.4615 kJ/kg-K
M = 18.015 kg/kmol
T
(K)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s 0T
(kJ/kg-K)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s 0T
(kJ/kg-K)
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
3000
97.49
126.21
157.70
191.78
228.19
266.69
307.06
349.12
392.72
437.71
483.97
531.40
579.89
629.35
676.69
730.85
782.75
888.55
996.64
1106.68
1218.38
1331.50
1445.85
1561.26
1677.61
1794.78
1912.67
2031.21
2150.34
2270.00
2390.14
2510.74
2631.73
2753.10
2874.81
2996.84
3119.18
135.28
173.44
214.38
257.90
303.76
351.70
401.52
453.03
506.07
560.51
616.22
673.09
731.02
789.93
849.72
910.33
971.67
1096.36
1223.34
1352.28
1482.87
1614.88
1748.12
1882.43
2017.67
2153.73
2290.51
2427.95
2565.97
2704.52
2843.55
2983.04
3122.93
3263.19
3403.79
3544.71
3685.95
4.5439
4.7139
4.8631
4.9972
5.1196
5.2325
5.3375
5.4356
5.5279
5.6151
5.6976
5.7761
5.8508
5.9223
5.9906
6.0561
6.1190
6.2379
6.3483
6.4515
6.5483
6.6394
6.7254
6.8068
6.8841
6.9577
7.0278
7.0949
7.1591
7.2206
7.2798
7.3368
7.3917
7.4446
7.4957
7.5452
7.5931
276.38
345.98
415.87
486.37
557.79
630.40
704.36
779.79
856.75
935.31
1015.49
1097.35
1180.90
1266.19
1353.23
1442.03
1532.61
1719.05
1912.42
2112.47
2318.89
2531.28
2749.24
2972.35
3200.17
3432.28
3668.24
3908.08
4151.28
4397.56
4646.71
4898.49
5152.73
5409.24
5667.86
5928.44
6190.86
368.69
461.36
554.32
647.90
742.40
838.09
935.12
1033.63
1133.67
1235.30
1338.56
1443.49
1550.13
1658.49
1768.60
1880.48
1994.13
2226.73
2466.25
2712.46
2965.03
3223.57
3487.69
3756.95
4030.92
4309.18
4591.30
4877.29
5166.64
5459.08
5754.37
6052.31
6352.70
6655.36
6960.13
7266.87
7575.44
9.7412
10.1547
10.4936
10.7821
11.0345
11.2600
11.4644
11.6522
11.8263
11.9890
12.1421
12.2868
12.4244
12.5558
12.6817
12.8026
12.9192
13.1408
13.3492
13.5462
13.7334
13.9117
14.0822
14.2454
14.4020
14.5524
14.6971
14.8366
14.9712
15.1012
15.2269
15.3485
15.4663
15.5805
15.6914
15.7990
15.9036
2nd Confirming Pages
20:45
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P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appa
766
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.9
Ideal-Gas Properties of Various Substances (SI Units), Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar)
Pressure, Mole Basis
Nitrogen, Diatomic (N2 )
0
h̄ f ,298 = 0 kJ/kmol
M = 28.013 kg/kmol
0
Nitrogen, Monatomic (N)
0
h̄ f ,298 = 472 680 kJ/kmol
M = 14.007 kg/kmol
0
T
K
(h̄−h̄298 )
kJ/kmol
s̄ 0T
kJ/kmol K
(h̄−h̄298 )
kJ/kmol
s̄ 0T
kJ/kmol
0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000
−8670
−5768
−2857
0
54
2971
5911
8894
11937
15046
18223
21463
24760
28109
31503
34936
38405
41904
45430
48979
52549
56137
63362
70640
77963
85323
92715
100134
107577
115042
122526
130027
145078
160188
175352
190572
205848
0
159.812
179.985
191.609
191.789
200.181
206.740
212.177
216.865
221.016
224.757
228.171
231.314
234.227
236.943
239.487
241.881
244.139
246.276
248.304
250.234
252.075
255.518
258.684
261.615
264.342
266.892
269.286
271.542
273.675
275.698
277.622
281.209
284.495
287.530
290.349
292.984
−6197
−4119
−2040
0
38
2117
4196
6274
8353
10431
12510
14589
16667
18746
20825
22903
24982
27060
29139
31218
33296
35375
39534
43695
47860
52033
56218
60420
64646
68902
73194
77532
86367
95457
104843
114550
124590
0
130.593
145.001
153.300
153.429
159.409
164.047
167.837
171.041
173.816
176.265
178.455
180.436
182.244
183.908
185.448
186.883
188.224
189.484
190.672
191.796
192.863
194.845
196.655
198.322
199.868
201.311
202.667
203.948
205.164
206.325
207.437
209.542
211.519
213.397
215.195
216.926
2nd Confirming Pages
20:45
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appa
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
767
TABLE A.9 (continued )
Ideal-Gas Properties of Various Substances (SI Units), Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar)
Pressure, Mole Basis
Oxygen, Diatomic (O2 )
0
h̄ f ,298 = 0 kJ/kmol
M = 31.999 kg/kmol
0
Oxygen, Monatomic (O)
0
h̄ f ,298 = 249 170 kJ/kmol
M = 16.00 kg/kmol
0
T
K
(h̄ − h̄298 )
kJ/kmol
s̄ 0T
kJ/kmol K
(h̄ − h̄298 )
kJ/kmol
s̄ 0T
kJ/kmol K
0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000
−8683
−5777
−2868
0
54
3027
6086
9245
12499
15836
19241
22703
26212
29761
33345
36958
40600
44267
47959
51674
55414
59176
66770
74453
82225
90080
98013
106022
114101
122245
130447
138705
155374
172240
189312
206618
224210
0
173.308
193.483
205.148
205.329
213.873
220.693
226.450
231.465
235.920
239.931
243.579
246.923
250.011
252.878
255.556
258.068
260.434
262.673
264.797
266.819
268.748
272.366
275.708
278.818
281.729
284.466
287.050
289.499
291.826
294.043
296.161
300.133
303.801
307.217
310.423
313.457
−6725
−4518
−2186
0
41
2207
4343
6462
8570
10671
12767
14860
16950
19039
21126
23212
25296
27381
29464
31547
33630
35713
39878
44045
48216
52391
56574
60767
64971
69190
73424
77675
86234
94873
103592
112391
121264
0
135.947
152.153
161.059
161.194
167.431
172.198
176.060
179.310
182.116
184.585
186.790
188.783
190.600
192.270
193.816
195.254
196.599
197.862
199.053
200.179
201.247
203.232
205.045
206.714
208.262
209.705
211.058
212.332
213.538
214.682
215.773
217.812
219.691
221.435
223.066
224.597
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APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.9 (continued )
Ideal-Gas Properties of Various Substances (SI Units), Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar)
Pressure, Mole Basis
Carbon Dioxide (CO2 )
0
h̄ f ,298 = −393 522 kJ/kmol
M = 44.01 kg/kmol
0
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
0
h̄ f ,298 = −110 527 kJ/kmol
M = 28.01 kg/kmol
0
T
K
(h̄ − h̄298 )
kJ/kmol
s̄ 0T
kJ/kmol K
(h̄ − h̄298 )
kJ/kmol
s̄ 0T
kJ/kmol K
0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000
−9364
−6457
−3413
0
69
4003
8305
12906
17754
22806
28030
33397
38885
44473
50148
55895
61705
67569
73480
79432
85420
91439
103562
115779
128074
140435
152853
165321
177836
190394
202990
215624
240992
266488
292112
317870
343782
0
179.010
199.976
213.794
214.024
225.314
234.902
243.284
250.752
257.496
263.646
269.299
274.528
279.390
283.931
288.190
292.199
295.984
299.567
302.969
306.207
309.294
315.070
320.384
325.307
329.887
334.170
338.194
341.988
345.576
348.981
352.221
358.266
363.812
368.939
373.711
378.180
−8671
−5772
−2860
0
54
2977
5932
8942
12021
15174
18397
21686
25031
28427
31867
35343
38852
42388
45948
49529
53128
56743
64012
71326
78679
86070
93504
100962
108440
115938
123454
130989
146108
161285
176510
191782
207105
0
165.852
186.024
197.651
197.831
206.240
212.833
218.321
223.067
227.277
231.074
234.538
237.726
240.679
243.431
246.006
248.426
250.707
252.866
254.913
256.860
258.716
262.182
265.361
268.302
271.044
273.607
276.012
278.279
280.422
282.454
284.387
287.989
291.290
294.337
297.167
299.809
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APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
769
TABLE A.9 (continued )
Ideal-Gas Properties of Various Substances (SI Units), Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar)
Pressure, Mole Basis
Water (H2 O)
0
h̄ f ,298 = −241 826 kJ/kmol
M = 18.015 kg/kmol
0
Hydroxyl (OH)
0
h̄ f ,298 = 38 987 kJ/kmol
M = 17.007 kg/kmol
0
T
K
(h̄ − h̄298 )
kJ/kmol
s̄ 0T
kJ/kmol K
(h̄ − h̄298 )
kJ/kmol
s̄ 0T
kJ/kmol K
0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000
−9904
−6617
−3282
0
62
3450
6922
10499
14190
18002
21937
26000
30190
34506
38941
43491
48149
52907
57757
62693
67706
72788
83153
93741
104520
115463
126548
137756
149073
160484
171981
183552
206892
230456
254216
278161
302295
0
152.386
175.488
188.835
189.043
198.787
206.532
213.051
218.739
223.826
228.460
232.739
236.732
240.485
244.035
247.406
250.620
253.690
256.631
259.452
262.162
264.769
269.706
274.312
278.625
282.680
286.504
290.120
293.550
296.812
299.919
302.887
308.448
313.573
318.328
322.764
326.926
−9172
−6140
−2975
0
55
3034
5991
8943
11902
14881
17889
20935
24024
27159
30340
33567
36838
40151
43502
46890
50311
53763
60751
67840
75018
82268
89585
96960
104388
111864
119382
126940
142165
157522
173002
188598
204309
0
149.591
171.592
183.709
183.894
192.466
199.066
204.448
209.008
212.984
216.526
219.735
222.680
225.408
227.955
230.347
232.604
234.741
236.772
238.707
240.556
242.328
245.659
248.743
251.614
254.301
256.825
259.205
261.456
263.592
265.625
267.563
271.191
274.531
277.629
280.518
283.227
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APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.9 (continued )
Ideal-Gas Properties of Various Substances (SI Units), Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar)
Pressure, Mole Basis
Hydrogen (H2 )
0
h̄ f ,298 = 0 kJ/kmol
M = 2.016 kg/kmol
0
Hydrogen, Monatomic (H)
0
h̄ f ,298 = 217 999 kJ/kmol
M = 1.008 kg/kmol
0
T
K
(h̄ − h̄298 )
kJ/kmol
s̄ 0T
kJ/kmol K
(h̄ − h̄298 )
kJ/kmol
s̄ 0T
kJ/kmol K
0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000
−8467
−5467
−2774
0
53
2961
5883
8799
11730
14681
17657
20663
23704
26785
29907
33073
36281
39533
42826
46160
49532
52942
59865
66915
74082
81355
88725
96187
103736
111367
119077
126864
142658
158730
175057
191607
208332
0
100.727
119.410
130.678
130.856
139.219
145.738
151.078
155.609
159.554
163.060
166.225
169.121
171.798
174.294
176.637
178.849
180.946
182.941
184.846
186.670
188.419
191.719
194.789
197.659
200.355
202.898
205.306
207.593
209.773
211.856
213.851
217.612
221.109
224.379
227.447
230.322
−6197
−4119
−2040
0
38
2117
4196
6274
8353
10431
12510
14589
16667
18746
20825
22903
24982
27060
29139
31218
33296
35375
39532
43689
47847
52004
56161
60318
64475
68633
72790
76947
85261
93576
101890
110205
118519
0
92.009
106.417
114.716
114.845
120.825
125.463
129.253
132.457
135.233
137.681
139.871
141.852
143.661
145.324
146.865
148.299
149.640
150.900
152.089
153.212
154.279
156.260
158.069
159.732
161.273
162.707
164.048
165.308
166.497
167.620
168.687
170.668
172.476
174.140
175.681
177.114
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APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
771
TABLE A.9 (continued )
Ideal-Gas Properties of Various Substances (SI Units), Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar)
Pressure, Mole Basis
Nitric Oxide (NO)
0
h̄ f ,298 = 90 291 kJ/kmol
M = 30.006 kg/kmol
0
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2 )
0
h̄ f ,298 = 33 100 kJ/kmol
M = 46.005 kg/kmol
0
T
K
(h̄ − h̄298 )
kJ/kmol
s̄ 0T
kJ/kmol K
(h̄ − h̄298 )
kJ/kmol
0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000
−9192
−6073
−2951
0
55
3040
6059
9144
12308
15548
18858
22229
25653
29120
32626
36164
39729
43319
46929
50557
54201
57859
65212
72606
80034
87491
94973
102477
110000
117541
125099
132671
147857
163094
178377
193703
209070
0
177.031
198.747
210.759
210.943
219.529
226.263
231.886
236.762
241.088
244.985
248.536
251.799
254.816
257.621
260.243
262.703
265.019
267.208
269.282
271.252
273.128
276.632
279.849
282.822
285.585
288.165
290.587
292.867
295.022
297.065
299.007
302.626
305.940
308.998
311.838
314.488
−10186
−6861
−3495
0
68
3927
8099
12555
17250
22138
27180
32344
37606
42946
48351
53808
59309
64846
70414
76008
81624
87259
98578
109948
121358
132800
144267
155756
167262
178783
190316
201860
224973
248114
271276
294455
317648
2nd Confirming Pages
s̄ 0T
kJ/kmol K
0
202.563
225.852
240.034
240.263
251.342
260.638
268.755
275.988
282.513
288.450
293.889
298.904
303.551
307.876
311.920
315.715
319.289
322.664
325.861
328.898
331.788
337.182
342.128
346.695
350.934
354.890
358.597
362.085
365.378
368.495
371.456
376.963
381.997
386.632
390.926
394.926
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APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.10
Enthalpy of Formation and Absolute Entropy of Various Substances at 25◦ C, 100 kPa
Pressure
Substance
Formula
M
kg/kmol
Acetylene
Ammonia
Benzene
Carbon dioxide
Carbon (graphite)
Carbon monoxide
Ethane
Ethene
Ethanol
Ethanol
Heptane
Hexane
Hydrogen peroxide
Methane
Methanol
Methanol
n-Butane
Nitrogen oxide
Nitromethane
n-Octane
n-Octane
Ozone
Pentane
Propane
Propene
Sulfur
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur trioxide
T-T-Diesel
Water
Water
C 2 H2
NH3
C 6 H6
CO2
C
CO
C 2 H6
C 2 H4
C2 H5 OH
C2 H5 OH
C7 H16
C6 H14
H2 O2
CH4
CH3 OH
CH3 OH
C4 H10
N2 O
CH3 NO2
C8 H18
C8 H18
O3
C5 H12
C 3 H8
C 3 H6
S
SO2
SO3
C14.4 H24.9
H2 O
H2 O
26.038
17.031
78.114
44.010
12.011
28.011
30.070
28.054
46.069
46.069
100.205
86.178
34.015
16.043
32.042
32.042
58.124
44.013
61.04
114.232
114.232
47.998
72.151
44.094
42.081
32.06
64.059
80.058
198.06
18.015
18.015
0
State
h̄ f
kJ/kmol
gas
gas
gas
gas
solid
gas
gas
gas
gas
liq
gas
gas
gas
gas
gas
liq
gas
gas
liq
gas
liq
gas
gas
gas
gas
solid
gas
gas
liq
gas
liq
+226 731
−45 720
+82 980
−393 522
0
−110 527
−84 740
+52 467
−235 000
−277 380
−187 900
−167 300
−136 106
−74 873
−201 300
−239 220
−126 200
+82 050
−113 100
−208 600
−250 105
+142 674
−146 500
−103 900
+20 430
0
−296 842
−395 765
−174 000
−241 826
−285 830
s̄ 0f
kJ/kmol K
200.958
192.572
269.562
213.795
5.740
197.653
229.597
219.330
282.444
160.554
427.805
387.979
232.991
186.251
239.709
126.809
306.647
219.957
171.80
466.514
360.575
238.932
348.945
269.917
267.066
32.056
248.212
256.769
525.90
188.834
69.950
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20:45
–164.003
–92.830
–39.810
–30.878
–24.467
–19.638
–15.868
–12.841
–10.356
–8.280
–6.519
–5.005
–3.690
–2.538
–1.519
–0.611
0.201
0.934
2.483
3.724
4.739
5.587
298
500
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
–186.963
–105.623
–45.146
–35.003
–27.741
–22.282
–18.028
–14.619
–11.826
–9.495
–7.520
–5.826
–4.356
–3.069
–1.932
–0.922
–0.017
0.798
2.520
3.898
5.027
5.969
O2 2O
–367.528
–213.405
–99.146
–80.025
–66.345
–56.069
–48.066
–41.655
–36.404
–32.023
–28.313
–25.129
–22.367
–19.947
–17.810
–15.909
–14.205
–12.671
–9.423
–6.816
–4.672
–2.876
N2 2N
–184.420
–105.385
–46.321
–36.363
–29.222
–23.849
–19.658
–16.299
–13.546
–11.249
–9.303
–7.633
–6.184
–4.916
–3.795
–2.799
–1.906
–1.101
0.602
1.972
3.098
4.040
2H2 O 2H2 + O2
–212.075
–120.331
–51.951
–40.467
–32.244
–26.067
–21.258
–17.406
–14.253
–11.625
–9.402
–7.496
–5.845
–4.401
–3.128
–1.996
–0.984
–0.074
1.847
3.383
4.639
5.684
2H2 O H2 + 2OH
–207.529
–115.234
–47.052
–35.736
–27.679
–21.656
–16.987
–13.266
–10.232
–7.715
–5.594
–3.781
–2.217
–0.853
0.346
1.408
2.355
3.204
4.985
6.397
7.542
8.488
2CO2 2CO + O2
–69.868
–40.449
–18.709
–15.082
–12.491
–10.547
–9.035
–7.825
–6.836
–6.012
–5.316
–4.720
–4.205
–3.755
–3.359
–3.008
–2.694
–2.413
–1.824
–1.358
–0.980
–0.671
N2 + O2 2NO
–41.355
–30.725
–23.039
–21.752
–20.826
–20.126
–19.577
–19.136
–18.773
–18.470
–18.214
–17.994
–17.805
–17.640
–17.496
–17.369
–17.257
–17.157
–16.953
–16.797
–16.678
–16.588
N2 + 2O2 2NO2
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Source: Consistent with thermodynamic data in JANAF Thermochemical Tables, third edition, Thermal Group, Dow Chemical U.S.A., Midland, MI, 1985.
H2 2H
Temp K
P2: PBY/PBR
For the reaction v A A + v B B v C C + v D D, the equilibrium constant K is defined as
v
y C y v D P vC +v D −v A −v B 0
K = Cv A Dv B
, P = 0.1 MPa
P0
y A yB
Logarithms to the Base e of the Equilibrium Constant K
GTBL057-appa
TABLE A.11
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APPENDIX
SI Units:
Thermodynamic
Tables
B
775
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APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1
Thermodynamic Properties of Water
TABLE B.1.1
Saturated Water
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Temp.
(◦ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
vf
Evap.
vfg
Sat. Vapor
vg
Sat. Liquid
uf
Evap.
ufg
Sat. Vapor
ug
0.01
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
0.6113
0.8721
1.2276
1.705
2.339
3.169
4.246
5.628
7.384
9.593
12.350
15.758
19.941
25.03
31.19
38.58
47.39
57.83
70.14
84.55
101.3
120.8
143.3
169.1
198.5
232.1
270.1
313.0
361.3
415.4
475.9
543.1
617.8
700.5
791.7
892.0
1002.2
1122.7
1254.4
0.001000
0.001000
0.001000
0.001001
0.001002
0.001003
0.001004
0.001006
0.001008
0.001010
0.001012
0.001015
0.001017
0.001020
0.001023
0.001026
0.001029
0.001032
0.001036
0.001040
0.001044
0.001047
0.001052
0.001056
0.001060
0.001065
0.001070
0.001075
0.001080
0.001085
0.001090
0.001096
0.001102
0.001108
0.001114
0.001121
0.001127
0.001134
0.001141
206.131
147.117
106.376
77.924
57.7887
43.3583
32.8922
25.2148
19.5219
15.2571
12.0308
9.56734
7.66969
6.19554
5.04114
4.13021
3.40612
2.82654
2.35953
1.98082
1.67185
1.41831
1.20909
1.03552
0.89080
0.76953
0.66744
0.58110
0.50777
0.44524
0.39169
0.34566
0.30596
0.27158
0.24171
0.21568
0.19292
0.17295
0.15539
206.132
147.118
106.377
77.925
57.7897
43.3593
32.8932
25.2158
19.5229
15.2581
12.0318
9.56835
7.67071
6.19656
5.04217
4.13123
3.40715
2.82757
2.36056
1.98186
1.67290
1.41936
1.21014
1.03658
0.89186
0.77059
0.66850
0.58217
0.50885
0.44632
0.39278
0.34676
0.30706
0.27269
0.24283
0.21680
0.19405
0.17409
0.15654
0
20.97
41.99
62.98
83.94
104.86
125.77
146.65
167.53
188.41
209.30
230.19
251.09
272.00
292.93
313.87
334.84
355.82
376.82
397.86
418.91
440.00
461.12
482.28
503.48
524.72
546.00
567.34
588.72
610.16
631.66
653.23
674.85
696.55
718.31
740.16
762.08
784.08
806.17
2375.33
2361.27
2347.16
2333.06
2318.98
2304.90
2290.81
2276.71
2262.57
2248.40
2234.17
2219.89
2205.54
2191.12
2176.62
2162.03
2147.36
2132.58
2117.70
2102.70
2087.58
2072.34
2056.96
2041.44
2025.76
2009.91
1993.90
1977.69
1961.30
1944.69
1927.87
1910.82
1893.52
1875.97
1858.14
1840.03
1821.62
1802.90
1783.84
2375.33
2382.24
2389.15
2396.04
2402.91
2409.76
2416.58
2423.36
2430.11
2436.81
2443.47
2450.08
2456.63
2463.12
2469.55
2475.91
2482.19
2488.40
2494.52
2500.56
2506.50
2512.34
2518.09
2523.72
2529.24
2534.63
2539.90
2545.03
2550.02
2554.86
2559.54
2564.04
2568.37
2572.51
2576.46
2580.19
2583.70
2586.98
2590.01
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
777
TABLE B.1.1 (continued )
Saturated Water
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Temp.
(◦ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
hf
Evap.
hfg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
Evap.
sfg
Sat. Vapor
sg
0.01
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
0.6113
0.8721
1.2276
1.705
2.339
3.169
4.246
5.628
7.384
9.593
12.350
15.758
19.941
25.03
31.19
38.58
47.39
57.83
70.14
84.55
101.3
120.8
143.3
169.1
198.5
232.1
270.1
313.0
361.3
415.4
475.9
543.1
617.8
700.5
791.7
892.0
1002.2
1122.7
1254.4
0.00
20.98
41.99
62.98
83.94
104.87
125.77
146.66
167.54
188.42
209.31
230.20
251.11
272.03
292.96
313.91
334.88
355.88
376.90
397.94
419.02
440.13
461.27
482.46
503.69
524.96
546.29
567.67
589.11
610.61
632.18
653.82
675.53
697.32
719.20
741.16
763.21
785.36
807.61
2501.35
2489.57
2477.75
2465.93
2454.12
2442.30
2430.48
2418.62
2406.72
2394.77
2382.75
2370.66
2358.48
2346.21
2333.85
2321.37
2308.77
2296.05
2283.19
2270.19
2257.03
2243.70
2230.20
2216.50
2202.61
2188.50
2174.16
2159.59
2144.75
2129.65
2114.26
2098.56
2082.55
2066.20
2049.50
2032.42
2014.96
1997.07
1978.76
2501.35
2510.54
2519.74
2528.91
2538.06
2547.17
2556.25
2565.28
2574.26
2583.19
2592.06
2600.86
2609.59
2618.24
2626.80
2635.28
2643.66
2651.93
2660.09
2668.13
2676.05
2683.83
2691.47
2698.96
2706.30
2713.46
2720.46
2727.26
2733.87
2740.26
2746.44
2752.39
2758.09
2763.53
2768.70
2773.58
2778.16
2782.43
2786.37
0
0.0761
0.1510
0.2245
0.2966
0.3673
0.4369
0.5052
0.5724
0.6386
0.7037
0.7679
0.8311
0.8934
0.9548
1.0154
1.0752
1.1342
1.1924
1.2500
1.3068
1.3629
1.4184
1.4733
1.5275
1.5812
1.6343
1.6869
1.7390
1.7906
1.8417
1.8924
1.9426
1.9924
2.0418
2.0909
2.1395
2.1878
2.2358
9.1562
8.9496
8.7498
8.5569
8.3706
8.1905
8.0164
7.8478
7.6845
7.5261
7.3725
7.2234
7.0784
6.9375
6.8004
6.6670
6.5369
6.4102
6.2866
6.1659
6.0480
5.9328
5.8202
5.7100
5.6020
5.4962
5.3925
5.2907
5.1908
5.0926
4.9960
4.9010
4.8075
4.7153
4.6244
4.5347
4.4461
4.3586
4.2720
9.1562
9.0257
8.9007
8.7813
8.6671
8.5579
8.4533
8.3530
8.2569
8.1647
8.0762
7.9912
7.9095
7.8309
7.7552
7.6824
7.6121
7.5444
7.4790
7.4158
7.3548
7.2958
7.2386
7.1832
7.1295
7.0774
7.0269
6.9777
6.9298
6.8832
6.8378
6.7934
6.7501
6.7078
6.6663
6.6256
6.5857
6.5464
6.5078
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
778
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1.1 (continued )
Saturated Water
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Temp.
(◦ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
vf
Evap.
vfg
Sat. Vapor
vg
Sat. Liquid
uf
Evap.
ufg
Sat. Vapor
ug
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315
320
325
330
335
340
345
350
355
360
365
370
374.1
1397.8
1553.8
1723.0
1906.3
2104.2
2317.8
2547.7
2794.9
3060.1
3344.2
3648.2
3973.0
4319.5
4688.6
5081.3
5498.7
5941.8
6411.7
6909.4
7436.0
7992.8
8581.0
9201.8
9856.6
10547
11274
12040
12845
13694
14586
15525
16514
17554
18651
19807
21028
22089
0.001149
0.001156
0.001164
0.001173
0.001181
0.001190
0.001199
0.001209
0.001219
0.001229
0.001240
0.001251
0.001263
0.001276
0.001289
0.001302
0.001317
0.001332
0.001348
0.001366
0.001384
0.001404
0.001425
0.001447
0.001472
0.001499
0.001528
0.001561
0.001597
0.001638
0.001685
0.001740
0.001807
0.001892
0.002011
0.002213
0.003155
0.13990
0.12620
0.11405
0.10324
0.09361
0.08500
0.07729
0.07037
0.06415
0.05853
0.05346
0.04887
0.04471
0.04093
0.03748
0.03434
0.03147
0.02884
0.02642
0.02420
0.02216
0.02027
0.01852
0.01690
0.01539
0.01399
0.01267
0.01144
0.01027
0.00916
0.00810
0.00707
0.00607
0.00505
0.00398
0.00271
0
0.14105
0.12736
0.11521
0.10441
0.09479
0.08619
0.07849
0.07158
0.06536
0.05976
0.05470
0.05013
0.04598
0.04220
0.03877
0.03564
0.03279
0.03017
0.02777
0.02557
0.02354
0.02167
0.01995
0.01835
0.01687
0.01549
0.01420
0.01300
0.01186
0.01080
0.00978
0.00881
0.00787
0.00694
0.00599
0.00493
0.00315
828.36
850.64
873.02
895.51
918.12
940.85
963.72
986.72
1009.88
1033.19
1056.69
1080.37
1104.26
1128.37
1152.72
1177.33
1202.23
1227.43
1252.98
1278.89
1305.21
1331.97
1359.22
1387.03
1415.44
1444.55
1474.44
1505.24
1537.11
1570.26
1605.01
1641.81
1681.41
1725.19
1776.13
1843.84
2029.58
1764.43
1744.66
1724.49
1703.93
1682.94
1661.49
1639.58
1617.17
1594.24
1570.75
1546.68
1522.00
1496.66
1470.64
1443.87
1416.33
1387.94
1358.66
1328.41
1297.11
1264.67
1230.99
1195.94
1159.37
1121.11
1080.93
1038.57
993.66
945.77
894.26
838.29
776.58
707.11
626.29
526.54
384.69
0
2592.79
2595.29
2597.52
2599.44
2601.06
2602.35
2603.30
2603.89
2604.11
2603.95
2603.37
2602.37
2600.93
2599.01
2596.60
2593.66
2590.17
2586.09
2581.38
2575.99
2569.87
2562.96
2555.16
2546.40
2536.55
2525.48
2513.01
2498.91
2482.88
2464.53
2443.30
2418.39
2388.52
2351.47
2302.67
2228.53
2029.58
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
779
TABLE B.1.1 (continued )
Saturated Water
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Temp.
(◦ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
hf
Evap.
hfg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
Evap.
sfg
Sat. Vapor
sg
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315
320
325
330
335
340
345
350
355
360
365
370
374.1
1397.8
1553.8
1723.0
1906.3
2104.2
2317.8
2547.7
2794.9
3060.1
3344.2
3648.2
3973.0
4319.5
4688.6
5081.3
5498.7
5941.8
6411.7
6909.4
7436.0
7992.8
8581.0
9201.8
9856.6
10547
11274
12040
12845
13694
14586
15525
16514
17554
18651
19807
21028
22089
829.96
852.43
875.03
897.75
920.61
943.61
966.77
990.10
1013.61
1037.31
1061.21
1085.34
1109.72
1134.35
1159.27
1184.49
1210.05
1235.97
1262.29
1289.04
1316.27
1344.01
1372.33
1401.29
1430.97
1461.45
1492.84
1525.29
1558.98
1594.15
1631.17
1670.54
1713.13
1760.48
1815.96
1890.37
2099.26
1959.99
1940.75
1921.00
1900.73
1879.91
1858.51
1836.50
1813.85
1790.53
1766.50
1741.73
1716.18
1689.80
1662.54
1634.34
1605.16
1574.92
1543.55
1510.97
1477.08
1441.78
1404.93
1366.38
1325.97
1283.48
1238.64
1191.13
1140.56
1086.37
1027.86
964.02
893.38
813.59
720.52
605.44
441.75
0
2789.96
2793.18
2796.03
2798.48
2800.51
2802.12
2803.27
2803.95
2804.13
2803.81
2802.95
2801.52
2799.51
2796.89
2793.61
2789.65
2784.97
2779.53
2773.27
2766.13
2758.05
2748.94
2738.72
2727.27
2714.44
2700.08
2683.97
2665.85
2645.35
2622.01
2595.19
2563.92
2526.72
2481.00
2421.40
2332.12
2099.26
2.2835
2.3308
2.3779
2.4247
2.4713
2.5177
2.5639
2.6099
2.6557
2.7015
2.7471
2.7927
2.8382
2.8837
2.9293
2.9750
3.0208
3.0667
3.1129
3.1593
3.2061
3.2533
3.3009
3.3492
3.3981
3.4479
3.4987
3.5506
3.6040
3.6593
3.7169
3.7776
3.8427
3.9146
3.9983
4.1104
4.4297
4.1863
4.1014
4.0172
3.9337
3.8507
3.7683
3.6863
3.6047
3.5233
3.4422
3.3612
3.2802
3.1992
3.1181
3.0368
2.9551
2.8730
2.7903
2.7069
2.6227
2.5375
2.4511
2.3633
2.2737
2.1821
2.0882
1.9913
1.8909
1.7863
1.6763
1.5594
1.4336
1.2951
1.1379
0.9487
0.6868
0
6.4697
6.4322
6.3951
6.3584
6.3221
6.2860
6.2502
6.2146
6.1791
6.1436
6.1083
6.0729
6.0374
6.0018
5.9661
5.9301
5.8937
5.8570
5.8198
5.7821
5.7436
5.7044
5.6642
5.6229
5.5803
5.5361
5.4900
5.4416
5.3903
5.3356
5.2763
5.2111
5.1378
5.0525
4.9470
4.7972
4.4297
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
780
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1.2
Saturated Water Pressure Entry
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Press.
(kPa)
Temp.
(◦ C)
Sat. Liquid
vf
Evap.
ufg
Sat. Vapor
vg
Sat. Liquid
uf
Evap.
ufg
Sat. Vapor
ug
0.6113
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
4
5
7.5
10
15
20
25
30
40
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
0.01
6.98
13.03
17.50
21.08
24.08
28.96
32.88
40.29
45.81
53.97
60.06
64.97
69.10
75.87
81.33
91.77
99.62
105.99
111.37
116.06
120.23
124.00
127.43
130.60
133.55
136.30
138.88
141.32
143.63
147.93
151.86
155.48
158.85
162.01
164.97
167.77
170.43
0.001000
0.001000
0.001001
0.001001
0.001002
0.001003
0.001004
0.001005
0.001008
0.001010
0.001014
0.001017
0.001020
0.001022
0.001026
0.001030
0.001037
0.001043
0.001048
0.001053
0.001057
0.001061
0.001064
0.001067
0.001070
0.001073
0.001076
0.001079
0.001081
0.001084
0.001088
0.001093
0.001097
0.001101
0.001104
0.001108
0.001111
0.001115
206.131
129.20702
87.97913
67.00285
54.25285
45.66402
34.79915
28.19150
19.23674
14.67254
10.02117
7.64835
6.20322
5.22816
3.99243
3.23931
2.21607
1.69296
1.37385
1.15828
1.00257
0.88467
0.79219
0.71765
0.65624
0.60475
0.56093
0.52317
0.49029
0.46138
0.41289
0.37380
0.34159
0.31457
0.29158
0.27176
0.25449
0.23931
206.132
129.20802
87.98013
67.00385
54.25385
45.66502
34.80015
28.19251
19.23775
14.67355
10.02218
7.64937
6.20424
5.22918
3.99345
3.24034
2.21711
1.69400
1.37490
1.15933
1.00363
0.88573
0.79325
0.71871
0.65731
0.60582
0.56201
0.52425
0.49137
0.46246
0.41398
0.37489
0.34268
0.31567
0.29268
0.27286
0.25560
0.24043
0
29.29
54.70
73.47
88.47
101.03
121.44
137.79
168.76
191.79
225.90
251.35
271.88
289.18
317.51
340.42
394.29
417.33
444.16
466.92
486.78
504.47
520.45
535.08
548.57
561.13
572.88
583.93
594.38
604.29
622.75
639.66
655.30
669.88
683.55
696.43
708.62
720.20
2375.3
2355.69
2338.63
2326.02
2315.93
2307.48
2293.73
2282.70
2261.74
2246.10
2222.83
2205.36
2191.21
2179.22
2159.49
2143.43
2112.39
2088.72
2069.32
2052.72
2038.12
2025.02
2013.10
2002.14
1991.95
1982.43
1973.46
1964.98
1956.93
1949.26
1934.87
1921.57
1909.17
1897.52
1886.51
1876.07
1866.11
1856.58
2375.3
2384.98
2393.32
2399.48
2404.40
2408.51
2415.17
2420.49
2430.50
2437.89
2448.73
2456.71
2463.08
2468.40
2477.00
2483.85
2496.67
2506.06
2513.48
2519.64
2524.90
2529.49
2533.56
2537.21
2540.53
2543.55
2546.34
2548.92
2551.31
2553.55
2557.62
2561.23
2564.47
2567.40
2570.06
2572.49
2574.73
2576.79
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
781
TABLE B.1.2 (continued )
Saturated Water Pressure Entry
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Press.
(kPa)
Temp.
(◦ C)
Sat. Liquid
hf
Evap.
hfg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
Evap.
sfg
Sat. Vapor
sg
0.6113
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
4.0
5.0
7.5
10
15
20
25
30
40
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
0.01
6.98
13.03
17.50
21.08
24.08
28.96
32.88
40.29
45.81
53.97
60.06
64.97
69.10
75.87
81.33
91.77
99.62
105.99
111.37
116.06
120.23
124.00
127.43
130.60
133.55
136.30
138.88
141.32
143.63
147.93
151.86
155.48
158.85
162.01
164.97
167.77
170.43
0.00
29.29
54.70
73.47
88.47
101.03
121.44
137.79
168.77
191.81
225.91
251.38
271.90
289.21
317.55
340.47
384.36
417.44
444.30
467.08
486.97
504.68
520.69
535.34
548.87
561.45
573.23
584.31
594.79
604.73
623.24
640.21
655.91
670.54
684.26
697.20
709.45
721.10
2501.3
2484.89
2470.59
2460.02
2451.56
2444.47
2432.93
2423.66
2406.02
2392.82
2373.14
2358.33
2346.29
2336.07
2319.19
2305.40
2278.59
2258.02
2241.05
2226.46
2213.57
2201.96
2191.35
2181.55
2172.42
2163.85
2155.76
2148.10
2140.79
2133.81
2120.67
2108.47
2097.04
2086.26
2076.04
2066.30
2056.98
2048.04
2501.3
2514.18
2525.30
2533.49
2540.03
2545.50
2554.37
2561.45
2574.79
2584.63
2599.06
2609.70
2618.19
2625.28
2636.74
2645.87
2662.96
2675.46
2685.35
2693.54
2700.53
2706.63
2712.04
2716.89
2721.29
2725.30
2728.99
2732.40
2735.58
2738.53
2743.91
2748.67
2752.94
2756.80
2760.30
2763.50
2766.43
2769.13
0
0.1059
0.1956
0.2607
0.3120
0.3545
0.4226
0.4763
0.5763
0.6492
0.7548
0.8319
0.8930
0.9439
1.0258
1.0910
1.2129
1.3025
1.3739
1.4335
1.4848
1.5300
1.5705
1.6072
1.6407
1.6717
1.7005
1.7274
1.7527
1.7766
1.8206
1.8606
1.8972
1.9311
1.9627
1.9922
2.0199
2.0461
9.1562
8.8697
8.6322
8.4629
8.3311
8.2231
8.0520
7.9187
7.6751
7.5010
7.2536
7.0766
6.9383
6.8247
6.6441
6.5029
6.2434
6.0568
5.9104
5.7897
5.6868
5.5970
5.5173
5.4455
5.3801
5.3201
5.2646
5.2130
5.1647
5.1193
5.0359
4.9606
4.8920
4.8289
4.7704
4.7158
4.6647
4.6166
9.1562
8.9756
8.8278
8.7236
8.6431
8.5775
8.4746
8.3950
8.2514
8.1501
8.0084
7.9085
7.8313
7.7686
7.6700
7.5939
7.4563
7.3593
7.2843
7.2232
7.1717
7.1271
7.0878
7.0526
7.0208
6.9918
6.9651
6.9404
6.9174
6.8958
6.8565
6.8212
6.7892
6.7600
6.7330
6.7080
6.6846
6.6627
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
782
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1.2 (continued )
Saturated Water Pressure Entry
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Press.
(kPa)
Temp.
(◦ C)
Sat. Liquid
vf
Evap.
vfg
Sat. Vapor
vg
Sat. Liquid
uf
Evap.
ufg
Sat. Vapor
ug
850
900
950
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3250
3500
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
13000
14000
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
20000
21000
22000
22089
172.96
175.38
177.69
179.91
184.09
187.99
191.64
195.07
198.32
205.76
212.42
218.45
223.99
229.12
233.90
238.38
242.60
250.40
263.99
275.64
285.88
295.06
303.40
311.06
318.15
324.75
330.93
336.75
342.24
347.43
352.37
357.06
361.54
365.81
369.89
373.80
374.14
0.001118
0.001121
0.001124
0.001127
0.001133
0.001139
0.001144
0.001149
0.001154
0.001166
0.001177
0.001187
0.001197
0.001207
0.001216
0.001226
0.001235
0.001252
0.001286
0.001319
0.001351
0.001384
0.001418
0.001452
0.001489
0.001527
0.001567
0.001611
0.001658
0.001711
0.001770
0.001840
0.001924
0.002035
0.002206
0.002808
0.003155
0.22586
0.21385
0.20306
0.19332
0.17639
0.16220
0.15011
0.13969
0.13062
0.11232
0.09845
0.08756
0.07878
0.07154
0.06546
0.06029
0.05583
0.04853
0.03815
0.03112
0.02602
0.02213
0.01907
0.01657
0.01450
0.01274
0.01121
0.00987
0.00868
0.00760
0.00659
0.00565
0.00473
0.00380
0.00275
0.00072
0
0.22698
0.21497
0.20419
0.19444
0.17753
0.16333
0.15125
0.14084
0.13177
0.11349
0.09963
0.08875
0.07998
0.07275
0.06668
0.06152
0.05707
0.04978
0.03944
0.03244
0.02737
0.02352
0.02048
0.01803
0.01599
0.01426
0.01278
0.01149
0.01034
0.00931
0.00836
0.00749
0.00666
0.00583
0.00495
0.00353
0.00315
731.25
741.81
751.94
761.67
780.08
797.27
813.42
828.68
843.14
876.44
906.42
933.81
959.09
982.65
1004.76
1025.62
1045.41
1082.28
1147.78
1205.41
1257.51
1305.54
1350.47
1393.00
1433.68
1472.92
1511.09
1548.53
1585.58
1622.63
1660.16
1698.86
1739.87
1785.47
1841.97
1973.16
2029.58
1847.45
1838.65
1830.17
1821.97
1806.32
1791.55
1777.53
1764.15
1751.3
1721.39
1693.84
1668.18
1644.04
1621.16
1599.34
1578.43
1558.29
1519.99
1449.34
1384.27
1322.97
1264.25
1207.28
1151.40
1096.06
1040.76
984.99
928.23
869.85
809.07
744.80
675.42
598.18
507.58
388.74
108.24
0
2578.69
2580.46
2582.11
2583.64
2586.40
2588.82
2590.95
2592.83
2594.5
2597.83
2600.26
2601.98
2603.13
2603.81
2604.10
2604.04
2603.70
2602.27
2597.12
2589.69
2580.48
2569.79
2557.75
2544.41
2529.74
2513.67
2496.08
2476.76
2455.43
2431.70
2404.96
2374.28
2338.05
2293.05
2230.71
2081.39
2029.58
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
783
TABLE B.1.2 (continued )
Saturated Water Pressure Entry
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Press.
(kPa)
Temp.
(◦ C)
Sat. Liquid
hf
Evap.
hfg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
Evap.
sfg
Sat. Vapor
sg
850
900
950
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3250
3500
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
13000
14000
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
20000
21000
22000
22089
172.96
175.38
177.69
179.91
184.09
187.99
191.64
195.07
198.32
205.76
212.42
218.45
223.99
229.12
233.90
238.38
242.60
250.40
263.99
275.64
285.88
295.06
303.40
311.06
318.15
324.75
330.93
336.75
342.24
347.43
352.37
357.06
361.54
365.81
369.89
373.80
374.14
732.20
742.82
753.00
762.79
781.32
798.64
814.91
830.29
844.87
878.48
908.77
936.48
962.09
985.97
1008.41
1029.60
1049.73
1087.29
1154.21
1213.32
1266.97
1316.61
1363.23
1407.53
1450.05
1491.24
1531.46
1571.08
1610.45
1650.00
1690.25
1731.97
1776.43
1826.18
1888.30
2034.92
2099.26
2039.43
2031.12
2023.08
2015.29
2000.36
1986.19
1972.67
1959.72
1947.28
1917.95
1890.74
1865.19
1840.98
1817.89
1795.73
1774.37
1753.70
1714.09
1640.12
1571.00
1505.10
1441.33
1378.88
1317.14
1255.55
1193.59
1130.76
1066.47
1000.04
930.59
856.90
777.13
688.11
583.56
446.42
124.04
0
2771.63
2773.94
2776.08
2778.08
2781.68
2784.82
2787.58
2790.00
2792.15
2796.43
2799.51
2801.67
2803.07
2803.86
2804.14
2803.97
2803.43
2801.38
2794.33
2784.33
2772.07
2757.94
2742.11
2724.67
2705.60
2684.83
2662.22
2637.55
2610.49
2580.59
2547.15
2509.09
2464.54
2409.74
2334.72
2158.97
2099.26
2.0709
2.0946
2.1171
2.1386
2.1791
2.2165
2.2514
2.2842
2.3150
2.3851
2.4473
2.5034
2.5546
2.6018
2.6456
2.6866
2.7252
2.7963
2.9201
3.0266
3.1210
3.2067
3.2857
3.3595
3.4294
3.4961
3.5604
3.6231
3.6847
3.7460
3.8078
3.8713
3.9387
4.0137
4.1073
4.3307
4.4297
4.5711
4.5280
4.4869
4.4478
4.3744
4.3067
4.2438
4.1850
4.1298
4.0044
3.8935
3.7938
3.7028
3.6190
3.5412
3.4685
3.4000
3.2737
3.0532
2.8625
2.6922
2.5365
2.3915
2.2545
2.1233
1.9962
1.8718
1.7485
1.6250
1.4995
1.3698
1.2330
1.0841
0.9132
0.6942
0.1917
0
6.6421
6.6225
6.6040
6.5864
6.5535
6.5233
6.4953
6.4692
6.4448
6.3895
6.3408
6.2971
6.2574
6.2208
6.1869
6.1551
6.1252
6.0700
5.9733
5.8891
5.8132
5.7431
5.6771
5.6140
5.5527
5.4923
5.4323
5.3716
5.3097
5.2454
5.1776
5.1044
5.0227
4.9269
4.8015
4.5224
4.4297
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
784
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1.3
Superheated Vapor Water
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
P = 10 kPa (45.81◦ C)
Sat.
50
100
150
200
250
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
14.67355
14.86920
17.19561
19.51251
21.82507
24.13559
26.44508
31.06252
35.67896
40.29488
44.91052
49.52599
54.14137
58.75669
63.37198
67.98724
72.60250
2437.89
2443.87
2515.50
2587.86
2661.27
2735.95
2812.06
2968.89
3132.26
3302.45
3479.63
3663.84
3855.03
4053.01
4257.47
4467.91
4683.68
2584.63
2592.56
2687.46
2782.99
2879.52
2977.31
3076.51
3279.51
3489.05
3705.40
3928.73
4159.10
4396.44
4640.58
4891.19
5147.78
5409.70
1.69400
1.93636
2.17226
2.40604
2.63876
3.10263
3.56547
4.02781
4.48986
4.95174
5.41353
5.87526
6.33696
6.79863
7.26030
2506.06
2582.75
2658.05
2733.73
2810.41
2967.85
3131.54
3301.94
3479.24
3663.53
3854.77
4052.78
4257.25
4467.70
4683.47
2675.46
2776.38
2875.27
2974.33
3074.28
3278.11
3488.09
3704.72
3928.23
4158.71
4396.12
4640.31
4890.95
5147.56
5409.49
8.1501
8.1749
8.4479
8.6881
8.9037
9.1002
9.2812
9.6076
9.8977
10.1608
10.4028
10.6281
10.8395
11.0392
11.2287
11.4090
14.5810
3.24034
—
3.41833
3.88937
4.35595
4.82045
5.28391
6.20929
7.13364
8.05748
8.98104
9.90444
10.82773
11.75097
12.67418
13.59737
14.52054
0.60582
0.63388
0.71629
2543.55
2570.79
2650.65
2725.30
2760.95
2865.54
s
(kJ/kg-K)
2483.85
—
2511.61
2585.61
2659.85
2734.97
2811.33
2968.43
3131.94
3302.22
3479.45
3663.70
3854.91
4052.91
4257.37
4467.82
4683.58
2645.87
—
2682.52
2780.08
2877.64
2975.99
3075.52
3278.89
3488.62
3705.10
3928.51
4158.92
4396.30
4640.46
4891.08
5147.69
5409.61
7.5939
—
7.6947
7.9400
8.1579
8.3555
8.5372
8.8641
9.1545
9.4177
9.6599
9.8852
10.0967
10.2964
10.4858
10.6662
10.8382
200 kPa (120.23◦ C)
7.3593
7.6133
7.8342
8.0332
8.2157
8.5434
8.8341
9.0975
9.3398
9.5652
9.7767
9.9764
10.1658
10.3462
10.5182
0.88573
0.95964
1.08034
1.19880
1.31616
1.54930
1.78139
2.01297
2.24426
2.47539
2.70643
2.93740
3.16834
3.39927
3.63018
300 kPa (133.55◦ C)
Sat.
150
200
h
(kJ/kg)
P = 50 kPa (81.33◦ C)
100 kPa (99.62◦ C)
Sat.
150
200
250
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
u
(kJ/kg)
2529.49
2576.87
2654.39
2731.22
2808.55
2966.69
3130.75
3301.36
3478.81
3663.19
3854.49
4052.53
4257.01
4467.46
4683.23
2706.63
2768.80
2870.46
2970.98
3071.79
3276.55
3487.03
3703.96
3927.66
4158.27
4395.77
4640.01
4890.68
5147.32
5409.26
7.1271
7.2795
7.5066
7.7085
7.8926
8.2217
8.5132
8.7769
9.0194
9.2450
9.4565
9.6563
9.8458
10.0262
10.1982
400 kPa (143.63◦ C)
6.9918
7.0778
7.3115
0.46246
0.47084
0.53422
2553.55
2564.48
2646.83
2738.53
2752.82
2860.51
6.8958
6.9299
7.1706
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
785
TABLE B.1.3 (continued )
Superheated Vapor Water
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
300 kPa (133.55◦ C)
250
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
0.79636
0.87529
1.03151
1.18669
1.34136
1.49573
1.64994
1.80406
1.95812
2.11214
2.26614
2.42013
2728.69
2806.69
2965.53
3129.95
3300.79
3478.38
3662.85
3854.20
4052.27
4256.77
4467.23
4682.99
2967.59
3069.28
3274.98
3485.96
3703.20
3927.10
4157.83
4395.42
4639.71
4890.41
5147.07
5409.03
0.37489
0.42492
0.47436
0.52256
0.57012
0.61728
0.71093
0.80406
0.89691
0.98959
1.08217
1.17469
1.26718
1.35964
1.45210
2561.23
2642.91
2723.50
2802.91
2882.59
2963.19
3128.35
3299.64
3477.52
3662.17
3853.63
4051.76
4256.29
4466.76
4682.52
2748.67
2855.37
2960.68
3064.20
3167.65
3271.83
3483.82
3701.67
3925.97
4156.96
4394.71
4639.11
4889.88
5146.58
5408.57
7.5165
7.7022
8.0329
8.3250
8.5892
8.8319
9.0575
9.2691
9.4689
9.6585
9.8389
10.0109
0.59512
0.65484
0.77262
0.88934
1.00555
1.12147
1.23722
1.35288
1.46847
1.58404
1.69958
1.81511
0.24043
0.26080
0.29314
0.32411
0.35439
0.38426
0.44331
0.50184
2576.79
2630.61
2715.46
2797.14
2878.16
2959.66
3125.95
3297.91
2769.13
2839.25
2949.97
3056.43
3161.68
3267.07
3480.60
3699.38
s
(kJ/kg-K)
2726.11
2804.81
2964.36
3129.15
3300.22
3477.95
3662.51
3853.91
4052.02
4256.53
4466.99
4682.75
2964.16
3066.75
3273.41
3484.89
3702.44
3926.53
4157.40
4395.06
4639.41
4890.15
5146.83
5408.80
7.3788
7.5661
7.8984
8.1912
8.4557
8.6987
8.9244
9.1361
9.3360
9.5255
9.7059
9.8780
600 kPa (158.85◦ C)
6.8212
7.0592
7.2708
7.4598
7.6328
7.7937
8.0872
8.3521
8.5952
8.8211
9.0329
9.2328
9.4224
9.6028
9.7749
0.31567
0.35202
0.39383
0.43437
0.47424
0.51372
0.59199
0.66974
0.74720
0.82450
0.90169
0.97883
1.05594
1.13302
1.21009
800 kPa (170.43◦ C)
Sat.
200
250
300
350
400
500
600
h
(kJ/kg)
400 kPa (143.63◦ C)
500 kPa (15 1.86◦ C)
Sat.
200
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
u
(kJ/kg)
2567.40
2638.91
2720.86
2801.00
2881.12
2962.02
3127.55
3299.07
3477.08
3661.83
3853.34
4051.51
4256.05
4466.52
4682.28
2756.80
2850.12
2957.16
3061.63
3165.66
3270.25
3482.75
3700.91
3925.41
4156.52
4394.36
4638.81
4889.61
5146.34
5408.34
6.7600
6.9665
7.1816
7.3723
7.5463
7.7078
8.0020
8.2673
8.5107
8.7367
8.9485
9.1484
9.3381
9.5185
9.6906
1000 kPa (179.91◦ C)
6.6627
6.8158
7.0384
7.2327
7.4088
7.5715
7.8672
8.1332
0.19444
0.20596
0.23268
0.25794
0.28247
0.30659
0.35411
0.40109
2583.64
2621.90
2709.91
2793.21
2875.18
2957.29
3124.34
3296.76
2778.08
2827.86
2942.59
3051.15
3157.65
3263.88
3478.44
3697.85
2nd Confirming Pages
6.5864
6.6939
6.9246
7.1228
7.3010
7.4650
7.7621
8.0289
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
786
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1.3 (continued )
Superheated Vapor Water
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
800 kPa (170.43◦ C)
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
0.56007
0.61813
0.67610
0.73401
0.79188
0.84974
0.90758
3476.22
3661.14
3852.77
4051.00
4255.57
4466.05
4681.81
3924.27
4155.65
4393.65
4638.20
4889.08
5145.85
5407.87
0.16333
0.16930
0.19235
0.21382
0.23452
0.25480
0.29463
0.33393
0.37294
0.41177
0.45051
0.48919
0.52783
0.56646
0.60507
2588.82
2612.74
2704.20
2789.22
2872.16
2954.90
3122.72
3295.60
3474.48
3659.77
3851.62
4049.98
4254.61
4465.12
4680.86
2784.82
2815.90
2935.01
3045.80
3153.59
3260.66
3476.28
3696.32
3922.01
4153.90
4392.23
4637.00
4888.02
5144.87
5406.95
8.3770
8.6033
8.8153
9.0153
9.2049
9.3854
9.5575
0.44779
0.49432
0.54075
0.58712
0.63345
0.67977
0.72608
0.12380
0.14184
0.15862
0.17456
0.19005
0.22029
0.24998
0.27937
0.30859
0.33772
0.36678
0.39581
0.42482
0.45382
2595.95
2692.26
2781.03
2866.05
2950.09
3119.47
3293.27
3472.74
3658.40
3850.47
4048.96
4253.66
4464.18
4679.92
2794.02
2919.20
3034.83
3145.35
3254.17
3471.93
3693.23
3919.73
4152.15
4390.82
4635.81
4886.95
5143.89
5406.02
s
(kJ/kg-K)
3475.35
3660.46
3852.19
4050.49
4255.09
4465.58
4681.33
3923.14
4154.78
4392.94
4637.60
4888.55
5145.36
5407.41
8.2731
8.4996
8.7118
8.9119
9.1016
9.2821
9.4542
1400 kPa (195.07◦ C)
6.5233
6.5898
6.8293
7.0316
7.2120
7.3773
7.6758
7.9434
8.1881
8.4149
8.6272
8.8274
9.0171
9.1977
9.3698
0.14084
0.14302
0.16350
0.18228
0.20026
0.21780
0.25215
0.28596
0.31947
0.35281
0.38606
0.41924
0.45239
0.48552
0.51864
1600 kPa (201.40)◦ C)
Sat.
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
h
(kJ/kg)
1000 kPa (179.91◦ C)
1200 kPa (187.99◦ C)
Sat.
200
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
u
(kJ/kg)
2592.83
2603.09
2698.32
2785.16
2869.12
2952.50
3121.10
3294.44
3473.61
3659.09
3851.05
4049.47
4254.14
4464.65
4680.39
2790.00
2803.32
2927.22
3040.35
3149.49
3257.42
3474.11
3694.78
3920.87
4153.03
4391.53
4636.41
4887.49
5144.38
5406.49
6.4692
6.4975
6.7467
6.9533
7.1359
7.3025
7.6026
7.8710
8.1160
8.3431
8.5555
8.7558
8.9456
9.1262
9.2983
1800 kPa (207.15◦ C)
6.4217
6.6732
6.8844
7.0693
7.2373
7.5389
7.8080
8.0535
8.2808
8.4934
8.6938
8.8837
9.0642
9.2364
0.11042
0.12497
0.14021
0.15457
0.16847
0.19550
0.22199
0.24818
0.27420
0.30012
0.32598
0.35180
0.37761
0.40340
2598.38
2686.02
2776.83
2862.95
2947.66
3117.84
3292.10
3471.87
3657.71
3849.90
4048.45
4253.18
4463.71
4679.44
2797.13
2910.96
3029.21
3141.18
3250.90
3469.75
3691.69
3918.59
4151.27
4390.11
4635.21
4886.42
5143.40
5405.56
6.3793
6.6066
6.8226
7.0099
7.1793
7.4824
7.7523
7.9983
8.2258
8.4386
8.6390
8.8290
9.0096
9.1817
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
787
TABLE B.1.3 (continued )
Superheated Vapor Water
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
2000 kPa (212.42◦ C)
Sat.
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
0.09963
0.11144
0.12547
0.13857
0.15120
0.16353
0.17568
0.19960
0.22323
0.24668
0.27004
0.29333
0.31659
0.33984
0.36306
2600.26
2679.58
2772.56
2859.81
2945.21
3030.41
3116.20
3290.93
3470.99
3657.03
3849.33
4047.94
4252.71
4463.25
4678.97
2799.51
2902.46
3023.50
3136.96
3247.60
3357.48
3467.55
3690.14
3917.45
4150.40
4389.40
4634.61
4885.89
5142.92
5405.10
0.06668
0.07058
0.08114
0.09053
0.09936
0.10787
0.11619
0.13243
0.14838
0.16414
0.17980
0.19541
0.21098
0.22652
0.24206
2604.10
2644.00
2750.05
2843.66
2932.75
3020.38
3107.92
3285.03
3466.59
3653.58
3846.46
4045.40
4250.33
4460.92
4676.63
2804.14
2855.75
2993.48
3115.25
3230.82
3344.00
3456.48
3682.34
3911.72
4146.00
4385.87
4631.63
4883.26
5140.49
5402.81
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
2500 kPa (223.99◦ C)
6.3408
6.5452
6.7663
6.9562
7.1270
7.2844
7.4316
7.7023
7.9487
8.1766
8.3895
8.5900
8.7800
8.9606
9.1328
0.07998
0.08700
0.09890
0.10976
0.12010
0.13014
0.13998
0.15930
0.17832
0.19716
0.21590
0.23458
0.25322
0.27185
0.29046
3000 kPa (233.90◦ C)
Sat.
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
u
(kJ/kg)
2603.13
2662.55
2761.56
2851.84
2939.03
3025.43
3112.08
3287.99
3468.80
3655.30
3847.89
4046.67
4251.52
4462.08
4677.80
2803.07
2880.06
3008.81
3126.24
3239.28
3350.77
3462.04
3686.25
3914.59
4148.20
4387.64
4633.12
4884.57
5141.70
5403.95
6.2574
6.4084
6.6437
6.8402
7.0147
7.1745
7.3233
7.5960
7.8435
8.0720
8.2853
8.4860
8.6761
8.8569
9.0291
4000 kPa (250.40◦ C)
6.1869
6.2871
6.5389
6.7427
6.9211
7.0833
7.2337
7.5084
7.7571
7.9862
8.1999
8.4009
8.5911
8.7719
8.9442
0.04978
—
0.05884
0.06645
0.07341
0.08003
0.08643
0.09885
0.11095
0.12287
0.13469
0.14645
0.15817
0.16987
0.18156
2602.27
—
2725.33
2826.65
2919.88
3010.13
3099.49
3279.06
3462.15
3650.11
3843.59
4042.87
4247.96
4458.60
4674.29
2801.38
—
2960.68
3092.43
3213.51
3330.23
3445.21
3674.44
3905.94
4141.59
4382.34
4628.65
4880.63
5138.07
5400.52
2nd Confirming Pages
6.0700
—
6.3614
6.5820
6.7689
6.9362
7.0900
7.3688
7.6198
7.8502
8.0647
8.2661
8.4566
8.6376
8.8099
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
788
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1.3 (continued )
Superheated Vapor Water
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
5000 kPa (263.99◦ C)
Sat.
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
0.03944
0.04532
0.05194
0.05781
0.06330
0.06857
0.07368
0.07869
0.08849
0.09811
0.10762
0.11707
0.12648
0.13587
0.14526
2597.12
2697.94
2808.67
2906.58
2999.64
3090.92
3181.82
3273.01
3457.67
3646.62
3840.71
4040.35
4245.61
4456.30
4671.96
2794.33
2924.53
3068.39
3195.64
3316.15
3433.76
3550.23
3666.47
3900.13
4137.17
4378.82
4625.69
4878.02
5135.67
5398.24
0.02352
0.02426
0.02995
0.03432
0.03817
0.04175
0.04516
0.04845
0.05481
0.06097
0.06702
0.07301
0.07896
0.08489
0.09080
2569.79
2590.93
2747.67
2863.75
2966.66
3064.30
3159.76
3254.43
3444.00
3636.08
3832.08
4032.81
4238.60
4449.45
4665.02
2757.94
2784.98
2987.30
3138.28
3271.99
3398.27
3521.01
3642.03
3882.47
4123.84
4368.26
4616.87
4870.25
5128.54
5391.46
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
6000 kPa (275.64◦ C)
5.9733
6.2083
6.4492
6.6458
6.8185
6.9758
7.1217
7.2588
7.5122
7.7440
7.9593
8.1612
8.3519
8.5330
8.7055
0.03244
0.03616
0.04223
0.04739
0.05214
0.05665
0.06101
0.06525
0.07352
0.08160
0.08958
0.09749
0.10536
0.11321
0.12106
8000 kPa (295.06◦ C)
Sat.
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
u
(kJ/kg)
2589.69
2667.22
2789.61
2892.81
2988.90
3082.20
3174.57
3266.89
3453.15
3643.12
3837.84
4037.83
4243.26
4454.00
4669.64
2784.33
2884.19
3042.97
3177.17
3301.76
3422.12
3540.62
3658.40
3894.28
4132.74
4375.29
4622.74
4875.42
5133.28
5395.97
5.8891
6.0673
6.3334
6.5407
6.7192
6.8802
7.0287
7.1676
7.4234
7.6566
7.8727
8.0751
8.2661
8.4473
8.6199
10000 kPa (311.06◦ C)
5.7431
5.7905
6.1300
6.3633
6.5550
6.7239
6.8778
7.0205
7.2812
7.5173
7.7350
7.9384
8.1299
8.3115
8.4842
0.01803
—
0.02242
0.02641
0.02975
0.03279
0.03564
0.03837
0.04358
0.04859
0.05349
0.05832
0.06312
0.06789
0.07265
2544.41
—
2699.16
2832.38
2943.32
3045.77
3144.54
3241.68
3434.72
3628.97
3826.32
4027.81
4233.97
4444.93
4660.44
2724.67
—
2923.39
3096.46
3240.83
3373.63
3500.92
3625.34
3870.52
4114.91
4361.24
4611.04
4865.14
5123.84
5386.99
5.6140
—
5.9442
6.2119
6.4189
6.5965
6.7561
6.9028
7.1687
7.4077
7.6272
7.8315
8.0236
8.2054
8.3783
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
789
TABLE B.1.3 (continued )
Superheated Vapor Water
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
15000 kPa (342.24◦ C)
Sat.
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
0.01034
0.01147
0.01565
0.01845
0.02080
0.02293
0.02491
0.02680
0.02861
0.03210
0.03546
0.03875
0.04200
0.04523
0.04845
2455.43
2520.36
2740.70
2879.47
2996.52
3104.71
3208.64
3310.37
3410.94
3610.99
3811.89
4015.41
4222.55
4433.78
4649.12
2610.49
2692.41
2975.44
3156.15
3308.53
3448.61
3582.30
3712.32
3840.12
4092.43
4343.75
4596.63
4852.56
5112.27
5375.94
0.001789
0.002790
0.005304
0.006735
0.008679
0.010168
0.011446
0.012596
0.013661
0.015623
0.017448
0.019196
0.020903
0.022589
0.024266
1737.75
2067.34
2455.06
2619.30
2820.67
2970.31
3100.53
3221.04
3335.84
3555.60
3768.48
3978.79
4189.18
4401.29
4615.96
1791.43
2151.04
2614.17
2821.35
3081.03
3275.36
3443.91
3598.93
3745.67
4024.31
4291.93
4554.68
4816.28
5078.97
5343.95
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
20000 kPa (365.81◦ C)
5.3097
5.4420
5.8810
6.1403
6.3442
6.5198
6.6775
6.8223
6.9572
7.2040
7.4279
7.6347
7.8282
8.0108
8.1839
0.00583
—
0.00994
0.01270
0.01477
0.01656
0.01818
0.01969
0.02113
0.02385
0.02645
0.02897
0.03145
0.03391
0.03636
30000 kPa
375
400
425
450
500
550
600
650
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
u
(kJ/kg)
2293.05
—
2619.22
2806.16
2942.82
3062.34
3174.00
3281.46
3386.46
3592.73
3797.44
4003.12
4211.30
4422.81
4637.95
2409.74
—
2818.07
3060.06
3238.18
3393.45
3537.57
3675.32
3809.09
4069.80
4326.37
4582.45
4840.24
5100.96
5365.10
4.9269
—
5.5539
5.9016
6.1400
6.3347
6.5048
6.6582
6.7993
7.0544
7.2830
7.4925
7.6874
7.8706
8.0441
40000 kPa
3.9303
4.4728
5.1503
5.4423
5.7904
6.0342
6.2330
6.4057
6.5606
6.8332
7.0717
7.2867
7.4845
7.6691
7.8432
0.001641
0.001908
0.002532
0.003693
0.005623
0.006984
0.008094
0.009064
0.009942
0.011523
0.012963
0.014324
0.015643
0.016940
0.018229
1677.09
1854.52
2096.83
2365.07
2678.36
2869.69
3022.61
3158.04
3283.63
3517.89
3739.42
3954.64
4167.38
4380.11
4594.28
1742.71
1930.83
2198.11
2512.79
2903.26
3149.05
3346.38
3520.58
3681.29
3978.80
4257.93
4527.59
4793.08
5057.72
5323.45
2nd Confirming Pages
3.8289
4.1134
4.5028
4.9459
5.4699
5.7784
6.0113
6.2054
6.3750
6.6662
6.9150
7.1356
7.3364
7.5224
7.6969
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
790
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1.4
Compressed Liquid Water
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
500 kPa (151.86◦ C)
Sat.
0.01
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0.001093
0.000999
0.001002
0.001008
0.001017
0.001029
0.001043
0.001060
0.001080
—
—
—
639.66
0.01
83.91
167.47
251.00
334.73
418.80
503.37
588.66
—
—
—
640.21
0.51
84.41
167.98
251.51
335.24
419.32
503.90
589.20
—
—
—
0.001286
0.000998
0.001000
0.001006
0.001015
0.001027
0.001041
0.001058
0.001077
0.001099
0.001124
0.001153
0.001187
0.001226
0.001275
1147.78
0.03
83.64
166.93
250.21
333.69
417.50
501.79
586.74
672.61
759.62
848.08
938.43
1031.34
1127.92
1154.21
5.02
88.64
171.95
255.28
338.83
422.71
507.07
592.13
678.10
765.24
853.85
944.36
1037.47
1134.30
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
2000 kPa (212.42◦ C)
1.8606
0.0000
0.2965
0.5722
0.8308
1.0749
1.3065
1.5273
1.7389
—
—
—
0.001177
0.000999
0.001001
0.001007
0.001016
0.001028
0.001043
0.001059
0.001079
0.001101
0.001127
0.001156
5000 kPa (263.99◦ C)
Sat
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
u
(kJ/kg)
906.42
0.03
83.82
167.29
250.73
334.38
418.36
502.84
588.02
674.14
761.46
850.30
908.77
2.03
85.82
169.30
252.77
336.44
420.45
504.96
590.18
676.34
763.71
852.61
2.4473
0.0001
.2962
.5716
.8300
1.0739
1.3053
1.5259
1.7373
1.9410
2.1382
2.3301
10000 kPa (311.06◦ C)
2.9201
0.0001
0.2955
0.5705
0.8284
1.0719
1.3030
1.5232
1.7342
1.9374
2.1341
2.3254
2.5128
2.6978
2.8829
0.001452
0.000995
0.000997
0.001003
0.001013
0.001025
0.001039
0.001055
0.001074
0.001195
0.001120
0.001148
0.001181
0.001219
0.001265
0.001322
0.001397
1393.00
0.10
83.35
166.33
249.34
332.56
416.09
500.07
584.67
670.11
756.63
844.49
934.07
1025.94
1121.03
1220.90
1328.34
1407.53
10.05
93.32
176.36
259.47
342.81
426.48
510.61
595.40
681.07
767.83
855.97
945.88
1038.13
1133.68
1234.11
1342.31
3.3595
0.0003
0.2945
0.5685
0.8258
1.0687
1.2992
1.5188
1.7291
1.9316
2.1274
2.3178
2.5038
2.6872
2.8698
3.0547
3.2468
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
791
TABLE B.1.4 (continued )
Compressed Liquid Water
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
15000 kPa (342.24◦ C)
Sat.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
0.001658
0.000993
0.000995
0.001001
0.001011
0.001022
0.001036
0.001052
0.001071
0.001092
0.001116
0.001143
0.001175
0.001211
0.001255
0.001308
0.001377
0.001472
0.001631
1585.58
0.15
83.05
165.73
248.49
331.46
414.72
498.39
582.64
667.69
753.74
841.04
929.89
1020.82
1114.59
1212.47
1316.58
1431.05
1567.42
1610.45
15.04
97.97
180.75
263.65
346.79
430.26
514.17
598.70
684.07
770.48
858.18
947.52
1038.99
1133.41
1232.09
1337.23
1453.13
1591.88
0.000986
0.000989
0.000995
0.001004
0.001016
0.001029
0.001044
0.001062
0.001082
0.001105
0.001130
0.001159
0.001192
0.001230
0.001275
0.001330
0.001400
0.001492
0.001627
0.001869
0.25
82.16
164.01
246.03
328.28
410.76
493.58
576.86
660.81
745.57
831.34
918.32
1006.84
1097.38
1190.69
1287.89
1390.64
1501.71
1626.57
1781.35
29.82
111.82
193.87
276.16
358.75
441.63
524.91
608.73
693.27
778.71
865.24
953.09
1042.60
1134.29
1228.96
1327.80
1432.63
1546.47
1675.36
1837.43
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
20000 kPa (365.81◦ C)
3.6847
0.0004
0.2934
0.5665
0.8231
1.0655
1.2954
1.5144
1.7241
1.9259
2.1209
2.3103
2.4952
2.6770
2.8575
3.0392
3.2259
3.4246
3.6545
0.002035
0.000990
0.000993
0.000999
0.001008
0.001020
0.001034
0.001050
0.001068
0.001089
0.001112
0.001139
0.001169
0.001205
0.001246
0.001297
0.001360
0.001444
0.001568
0.001823
30000 kPa
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
u
(kJ/kg)
1785.47
0.20
82.75
165.15
247.66
330.38
413.37
496.75
580.67
665.34
750.94
837.70
925.89
1015.94
1108.53
1204.69
1306.10
1415.66
1539.64
1702.78
1826.18
20.00
102.61
185.14
267.82
350.78
434.04
517.74
602.03
687.11
773.18
860.47
949.27
1040.04
1133.45
1230.62
1333.29
1444.53
1571.01
1739.23
4.0137
0.0004
0.2922
0.5646
0.8205
1.0623
1.2917
1.5101
1.7192
1.9203
2.1146
2.3031
2.4869
2.6673
2.8459
3.0248
3.2071
3.3978
3.6074
3.8770
50000 kPa
0.0001
0.2898
0.5606
0.8153
1.0561
1.2844
1.5017
1.7097
1.9095
2.1024
2.2892
2.4710
2.6489
2.8242
2.9985
3.1740
3.3538
3.5425
3.7492
4.0010
0.000977
0.000980
0.000987
0.000996
0.001007
0.001020
0.001035
0.001052
0.001070
0.001091
0.001115
0.001141
0.001170
0.001203
0.001242
0.001286
0.001339
0.001403
0.001484
0.001588
0.20
80.98
161.84
242.96
324.32
405.86
487.63
569.76
652.39
735.68
819.73
904.67
990.69
1078.06
1167.19
1258.66
1353.23
1451.91
1555.97
1667.13
49.03
130.00
211.20
292.77
374.68
456.87
539.37
622.33
705.91
790.24
875.46
961.71
1049.20
1138.23
1229.26
1322.95
1420.17
1522.07
1630.16
1746.54
2nd Confirming Pages
−0.0014
0.2847
0.5526
0.8051
1.0439
1.2703
1.4857
1.6915
1.8890
2.0793
2.2634
2.4419
2.6158
2.7860
2.9536
3.1200
3.2867
3.4556
3.6290
3.8100
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
792
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1.5
Saturated Solid-Saturated Vapor, Water
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Temp.
(◦ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Solid
vi
Evap.
vi g
Sat. Vapor
vg
Sat. Solid
ui
Evap.
ui g
Sat. Vapor
ug
0.01
0
−2
−4
−6
−8
−10
−12
−14
−16
−18
−20
−22
−24
−26
−28
−30
−32
−34
−36
−38
−40
0.6113
0.6108
0.5177
0.4376
0.3689
0.3102
0.2601
0.2176
0.1815
0.1510
0.1252
0.10355
0.08535
0.07012
0.05741
0.04684
0.03810
0.03090
0.02499
0.02016
0.01618
0.01286
0.0010908
0.0010908
0.0010905
0.0010901
0.0010898
0.0010894
0.0010891
0.0010888
0.0010884
0.0010881
0.0010878
0.0010874
0.0010871
0.0010868
0.0010864
0.0010861
0.0010858
0.0010854
0.0010851
0.0010848
0.0010844
0.0010841
206.152
206.314
241.662
283.798
334.138
394.413
466.756
553.802
658.824
785.906
940.182
1128.112
1357.863
1639.752
1986.775
2415.200
2945.227
3601.822
4416.252
5430.115
6707.021
8366.395
206.153
206.315
241.663
283.799
334.139
394.414
466.757
553.803
658.824
785.907
940.183
1128.113
1357.864
1639.753
1986.776
2415.201
2945.228
3601.823
4416.253
5430.116
6707.022
8366.396
−333.40
−333.42
−337.61
−341.78
−345.91
−350.02
−354.09
−358.14
−362.16
−366.14
−370.10
−374.03
−377.93
−381.80
−385.64
−389.45
−393.23
−396.98
−400.71
−404.40
−408.06
−411.70
2708.7
2708.7
2710.2
2711.5
2712.9
2714.2
2715.5
2716.8
2718.0
2719.2
2720.4
2721.6
2722.7
2723.7
2724.8
2725.8
2726.8
2727.8
2728.7
2729.6
2730.5
2731.3
2375.3
2375.3
2372.5
2369.8
2367.0
2364.2
2361.4
2358.7
2355.9
2353.1
2350.3
2347.5
2344.7
2342.0
2339.2
2336.4
2333.6
2330.8
2328.0
2325.2
2322.4
2319.6
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
793
TABLE B.1.5 (continued )
Saturated Solid-Saturated Vapor, Water
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Temp.
(◦ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Solid
hi
Evap.
hi g
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Solid
si
Evap.
si g
Sat. Vapor
sg
0.01
0
−2
−4
−6
−8
−10
−12
−14
−16
−18
−20
−22
−24
−26
−28
−30
−32
−34
−36
−38
−40
0.6113
0.6108
0.5177
0.4376
0.3689
0.3102
0.2601
0.2176
0.1815
0.1510
0.1252
0.10355
0.08535
0.07012
0.05741
0.04684
0.03810
0.03090
0.02499
0.02016
0.01618
0.01286
−333.40
−333.42
−337.61
−341.78
−345.91
−350.02
−354.09
−358.14
−362.16
−366.14
−370.10
−374.03
−377.93
−381.80
−385.64
−389.45
−393.23
−396.98
−400.71
−404.40
−408.06
−411.70
2834.7
2834.8
2835.3
2835.7
2836.2
2836.6
2837.0
2837.3
2837.6
2837.9
2838.2
2838.4
2838.6
2838.7
2838.9
2839.0
2839.0
2839.1
2839.1
2839.1
2839.0
2838.9
2501.3
2501.3
2497.6
2494.0
2490.3
2486.6
2482.9
2479.2
2475.5
2471.8
2468.1
2464.3
2460.6
2456.9
2453.2
2449.5
2445.8
2442.1
2438.4
2434.7
2431.0
2427.2
−1.2210
−1.2211
−1.2369
−1.2526
−1.2683
−1.2839
−1.2995
−1.3150
−1.3306
−1.3461
−1.3617
−1.3772
−1.3928
−1.4083
−1.4239
−1.4394
−1.4550
−1.4705
−1.4860
−1.5014
−1.5168
−1.5321
10.3772
10.3776
10.4562
10.5358
10.6165
10.6982
10.7809
10.8648
10.9498
11.0359
11.1233
11.2120
11.3020
11.3935
11.4864
11.5808
11.6765
11.7733
11.8713
11.9704
12.0714
12.1768
9.1562
9.1565
9.2193
9.2832
9.3482
9.4143
9.4815
9.5498
9.6192
9.6898
9.7616
9.8348
9.9093
9.9852
10.0625
10.1413
10.2215
10.3028
10.3853
10.4690
10.5546
10.6447
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
794
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.2
Thermodynamic Properties of Ammonia
TABLE B.2.1
Saturated Ammonia
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Temp.
(◦ C)
−50
−45
−40
−35
−30
−25
−20
−15
−10
−5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
132.3
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
vf
Evap.
vfg
Sat. Vapor
vg
40.9
54.5
71.7
93.2
119.5
151.6
190.2
236.3
290.9
354.9
429.6
515.9
615.2
728.6
857.5
1003.2
1167.0
1350.4
1554.9
1782.0
2033.1
2310.1
2614.4
2947.8
3312.0
3709.0
4140.5
4608.6
5115.3
5662.9
6253.7
6890.4
7575.7
8313.3
9107.2
9963.5
10891.6
11333.2
0.001424
0.001437
0.001450
0.001463
0.001476
0.001490
0.001504
0.001519
0.001534
0.001550
0.001566
0.001583
0.001600
0.001619
0.001638
0.001658
0.001680
0.001702
0.001725
0.001750
0.001777
0.001804
0.001834
0.001866
0.001900
0.001937
0.001978
0.002022
0.002071
0.002126
0.002188
0.002261
0.002347
0.002452
0.002589
0.002783
0.003122
0.004255
2.62557
2.00489
1.55111
1.21466
0.96192
0.76970
0.62184
0.50686
0.41655
0.34493
0.28763
0.24140
0.20381
0.17300
0.14758
0.12647
0.10881
0.09397
0.08141
0.07073
0.06159
0.05375
0.04697
0.04109
0.03597
0.03148
0.02753
0.02404
0.02093
0.01815
0.01565
0.01337
0.01128
0.00933
0.00744
0.00554
0.00337
0
2.62700
2.00632
1.55256
1.21613
0.96339
0.77119
0.62334
0.50838
0.41808
0.34648
0.28920
0.24299
0.20541
0.17462
0.14922
0.12813
0.11049
0.09567
0.08313
0.07248
0.06337
0.05555
0.04880
0.04296
0.03787
0.03341
0.02951
0.02606
0.02300
0.02028
0.01784
0.01564
0.01363
0.01178
0.01003
0.00833
0.00649
0.00426
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Sat. Liquid
uf
Evap.
ufg
Sat. Vapor
ug
−43.82
−22.01
−0.10
21.93
44.08
66.36
88.76
111.30
133.96
156.76
179.69
202.77
225.99
249.36
272.89
296.59
320.46
344.50
368.74
393.19
417.87
442.79
467.99
493.51
519.39
545.70
572.50
599.90
627.99
656.95
686.96
718.30
751.37
786.82
825.77
870.69
929.29
1037.62
1309.1
1293.5
1277.6
1261.3
1244.8
1227.9
1210.7
1193.2
1175.2
1157.0
1138.3
1119.2
1099.7
1079.7
1059.3
1038.4
1016.9
994.9
972.2
948.9
924.8
899.9
874.2
847.4
819.5
790.4
759.9
727.8
693.7
657.4
618.4
575.9
529.1
476.2
414.5
337.7
226.9
0
1265.2
1271.4
1277.4
1283.3
1288.9
1294.3
1299.5
1304.5
1309.2
1313.7
1318.0
1322.0
1325.7
1329.1
1332.2
1335.0
1337.4
1339.4
1341.0
1342.1
1342.7
1342.7
1342.1
1340.9
1338.9
1336.1
1332.4
1327.7
1321.7
1314.4
1305.3
1294.2
1280.5
1263.1
1240.3
1208.4
1156.2
1037.6
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
795
TABLE B.2.1 (continued )
Saturated Ammonia
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Temp.
(◦ C)
−50
−45
−40
−35
−30
−25
−20
−15
−10
−5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
132.3
Press.
(kPa)
40.9
54.5
71.7
93.2
119.5
151.6
190.2
236.3
290.9
354.9
429.6
515.9
615.2
728.6
857.5
1003.2
1167.0
1350.4
1554.9
1782.0
2033.1
2310.1
2614.4
2947.8
3312.0
3709.0
4140.5
4608.6
5115.3
5662.9
6253.7
6890.4
7575.7
8313.3
9107.2
9963.5
10892
11333
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Sat. Liquid
hf
Evap.
hfg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
Evap.
sfg
Sat. Vapor
sg
−43.76
−21.94
0
22.06
44.26
66.58
89.05
111.66
134.41
157.31
180.36
203.58
226.97
250.54
274.30
298.25
322.42
346.80
371.43
396.31
421.48
446.96
472.79
499.01
525.69
552.88
580.69
609.21
638.59
668.99
700.64
733.87
769.15
807.21
849.36
898.42
963.29
1085.85
1416.3
1402.8
1388.8
1374.5
1359.8
1344.6
1329.0
1312.9
1296.4
1279.4
1261.8
1243.7
1225.1
1205.8
1185.9
1165.2
1143.9
1121.8
1098.8
1074.9
1050.0
1024.1
997.0
968.5
938.7
907.2
873.9
838.6
800.8
760.2
716.2
668.1
614.6
553.8
482.3
393.0
263.7
0
1372.6
1380.8
1388.8
1396.5
1404.0
1411.2
1418.0
1424.6
1430.8
1436.7
1442.2
1447.3
1452.0
1456.3
1460.2
1463.5
1466.3
1468.6
1470.2
1471.2
1471.5
1471.0
1469.7
1467.5
1464.4
1460.1
1454.6
1447.8
1439.4
1429.2
1416.9
1402.0
1383.7
1361.0
1331.7
1291.4
1227.0
1085.9
−0.1916
−0.0950
0
0.0935
0.1856
0.2763
0.3657
0.4538
0.5408
0.6266
0.7114
0.7951
0.8779
0.9598
1.0408
1.1210
1.2005
1.2792
1.3574
1.4350
1.5121
1.5888
1.6652
1.7415
1.8178
1.8943
1.9712
2.0488
2.1273
2.2073
2.2893
2.3740
2.4625
2.5566
2.6593
2.7775
2.9326
3.2316
6.3470
6.1484
5.9567
5.7715
5.5922
5.4185
5.2498
5.0859
4.9265
4.7711
4.6195
4.4715
4.3266
4.1846
4.0452
3.9083
3.7734
3.6403
3.5088
3.3786
3.2493
3.1208
2.9925
2.8642
2.7354
2.6058
2.4746
2.3413
2.2051
2.0650
1.9195
1.7667
1.6040
1.4267
1.2268
0.9870
0.6540
0
6.1554
6.0534
5.9567
5.8650
5.7778
5.6947
5.6155
5.5397
5.4673
5.3977
5.3309
5.2666
5.2045
5.1444
5.0860
5.0293
4.9738
4.9196
4.8662
4.8136
4.7614
4.7095
4.6577
4.6057
4.3533
4.5001
4.4458
4.3901
4.3325
4.2723
4.2088
4.1407
4.0665
3.9833
3.8861
3.7645
3.5866
3.2316
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
796
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.2.2 (continued )
Superheated Ammonia
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
50 kPa (−46.53◦ C)
Sat.
−30
−20
−10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
2.1752
2.3448
2.4463
2.5471
2.6474
2.7472
2.8466
2.9458
3.0447
3.1435
3.2421
3.3406
3.4390
3.6355
3.8318
4.0280
4.2240
4.4199
4.6157
1269.6
1296.2
1312.3
1328.4
1344.5
1360.7
1377.0
1393.3
1409.8
1426.3
1443.0
1459.9
1476.9
1511.4
1546.6
1582.5
1619.2
1656.7
1694.9
1378.3
1413.4
1434.6
1455.7
1476.9
1498.1
1519.3
1540.6
1562.0
1583.5
1605.1
1626.9
1648.8
1693.2
1738.2
1783.9
1830.4
1877.7
1925.7
0.7787
0.7977
0.8336
0.8689
0.9037
0.9382
0.9723
1.0062
1.0398
1.0734
1.1068
1.1401
1.2065
1.2726
1.3386
1.4044
1.4701
1.5357
1.6013
1294.1
1303.3
1320.7
1337.9
1355.0
1372.0
1389.0
1406.0
1423.0
1440.0
1457.2
1474.4
1509.3
1544.8
1580.9
1617.8
1655.4
1693.7
1732.9
1410.9
1422.9
1445.7
1468.3
1490.6
1512.8
1534.9
1556.9
1578.9
1601.0
1623.2
1645.4
1690.2
1735.6
1781.7
1828.4
1875.9
1924.1
1973.1
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
100 kPa (−33.60◦ C)
6.0839
6.2333
6.3187
6.4006
6.4795
6.5556
6.6293
6.7008
6.7703
6.8379
6.9038
6.9682
7.0312
7.1533
7.2708
7.3842
7.4941
7.6008
7.7045
1.1381
1.1573
1.2101
1.2621
1.3136
1.3647
1.4153
1.4657
1.5158
1.5658
1.6156
1.6653
1.7148
1.8137
1.9124
2.0109
2.1093
2.2075
2.3057
150 kPa (−25.22◦ C)
Sat.
−20
−10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
u
(kJ/kg)
1284.9
1291.0
1307.8
1324.6
1341.3
1357.9
1374.5
1391.2
1407.9
1424.7
1441.5
1458.5
1475.6
1510.3
1545.7
1581.7
1618.5
1656.0
1694.3
1398.7
1406.7
1428.8
1450.8
1472.6
1494.4
1516.1
1537.7
1559.5
1581.2
1603.1
1625.1
1647.1
1691.7
1736.9
1782.8
1829.4
1876.8
1924.9
5.8401
5.8734
5.9626
6.0477
6.1291
6.2073
6.2826
6.3553
6.4258
6.4943
6.5609
6.6258
6.6892
6.8120
6.9300
7.0439
7.1540
7.2609
7.3648
200 kPa (−18.86◦ C)
5.6983
5.7465
5.8349
5.9189
5.9992
6.0761
6.1502
6.2217
6.2910
6.3583
6.4238
6.4877
6.6112
6.7297
6.8439
6.9544
7.0615
7.1656
7.2670
0.5946
—
0.6193
0.6465
0.6732
0.6995
0.7255
0.7513
0.7769
0.8023
0.8275
0.8527
0.9028
0.9527
1.0024
1.0519
1.1014
1.1507
1.2000
1300.6
—
1316.7
1334.5
1352.1
1369.5
1386.8
1404.0
1421.3
1438.5
1455.8
1473.1
1508.2
1543.8
1580.1
1617.0
1654.7
1693.2
1732.4
1419.6
—
1440.6
1463.8
1486.8
1509.4
1531.9
1554.3
1576.6
1598.9
1621.3
1643.7
1688.8
1734.4
1780.6
1827.4
1875.0
1923.3
1972.4
5.5979
—
5.6791
5.7659
5.8484
5.9270
6.0025
6.0751
6.1453
6.2133
6.2794
6.3437
6.4679
6.5869
6.7015
6.8123
6.9196
7.0239
7.1255
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
797
TABLE B.2.2 (continued )
Superheated Ammonia
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
300 kPa (−9.24◦ C)
Sat.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
0.40607
0.42382
0.44251
0.46077
0.47870
0.49636
0.51382
0.53111
0.54827
0.56532
0.59916
0.63276
0.66618
0.69946
0.73263
0.76572
0.79872
0.83167
0.86455
1309.9
1327.5
1346.1
1364.4
1382.3
1400.1
1417.8
1435.4
1453.0
1470.6
1506.1
1542.0
1578.5
1615.6
1653.4
1692.0
1731.3
1771.4
1812.2
1431.7
1454.7
1478.9
1502.6
1526.0
1549.0
1571.9
1594.7
1617.5
1640.2
1685.8
1731.8
1778.3
1825.4
1873.2
1921.7
1970.9
2020.9
2071.6
0.25035
0.25757
0.26949
0.28103
0.29227
0.30328
0.31410
0.32478
0.33535
0.35621
0.37681
0.39722
0.41748
0.43764
0.45771
0.47770
0.49763
0.51749
1321.3
1333.5
1353.6
1373.0
1392.0
1410.6
1429.0
1447.3
1465.4
1501.7
1538.2
1575.2
1612.7
1650.8
1689.6
1729.2
1769.5
1810.6
1446.5
1462.3
1488.3
1513.5
1538.1
1562.2
1586.1
1609.6
1633.1
1679.8
1726.6
1773.8
1821.4
1869.6
1918.5
1968.1
2018.3
2069.3
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
400 kPa (−1.89◦ C)
5.4565
5.5420
5.6290
5.7113
5.7896
5.8645
5.9365
6.0060
6.0732
6.1385
6.2642
6.3842
6.4996
6.6109
6.7188
6.8235
6.9254
7.0247
7.1217
0.30942
0.31227
0.32701
0.34129
0.35520
0.36884
0.38226
0.39550
0.40860
0.42160
0.44732
0.47279
0.49808
0.52323
0.54827
0.57321
0.59809
0.62289
0.64764
500 kPa (4.13◦ C)
Sat.
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
u
(kJ/kg)
1316.4
1320.2
1339.9
1359.1
1377.7
1396.1
1414.2
1432.2
1450.1
1468.0
1503.9
1540.1
1576.8
1614.1
1652.1
1690.8
1730.3
1770.5
1811.4
1440.2
1445.1
1470.7
1495.6
1519.8
1543.6
1567.1
1590.4
1613.6
1636.7
1682.8
1729.2
1776.0
1823.4
1871.4
1920.1
1969.5
2019.6
2070.5
5.3559
5.3741
5.4663
5.5525
5.6338
5.7111
5.7850
5.8560
5.9244
5.9907
6.1179
6.2390
6.3552
6.4671
6.5755
6.6806
6.7828
6.8825
6.9797
600 kPa (9.28◦ C)
5.2776
5.3340
5.4244
5.5090
5.5889
5.6647
5.7373
5.8070
5.8744
6.0031
6.1253
6.2422
6.3548
6.4636
6.5691
6.6717
6.7717
6.8692
0.21038
0.21115
0.22154
0.23152
0.24118
0.25059
0.25981
0.26888
0.27783
0.29545
0.31281
0.32997
0.34699
0.36389
0.38071
0.39745
0.41412
0.43073
1325.2
1326.7
1347.9
1368.2
1387.8
1406.9
1425.7
1444.3
1462.8
1499.5
1536.3
1573.5
1611.2
1649.5
1688.5
1728.2
1768.6
1809.8
1451.4
1453.4
1480.8
1507.1
1532.5
1557.3
1581.6
1605.7
1629.5
1676.8
1724.0
1771.5
1819.4
1867.8
1916.9
1966.6
2017.0
2068.2
2nd Confirming Pages
5.2133
5.2205
5.3156
5.4037
5.4862
5.5641
5.6383
5.7094
5.7778
5.9081
6.0314
6.1491
6.2623
6.3717
6.4776
6.5806
6.6808
6.7786
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
798
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.2.2 (continued )
Superheated Ammonia
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
800 kPa (17.85◦ C)
Sat.
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
0.15958
0.16138
0.16947
0.17720
0.18465
0.19189
0.19896
0.20590
0.21949
0.23280
0.24590
0.25886
0.27170
0.28445
0.29712
0.30973
0.32228
0.33477
0.34722
1330.9
1335.8
1358.0
1379.0
1399.3
1419.0
1438.3
1457.4
1495.0
1532.5
1570.1
1608.2
1646.8
1686.1
1726.0
1766.7
1808.1
1850.2
1893.1
1458.6
1464.9
1493.5
1520.8
1547.0
1572.5
1597.5
1622.1
1670.6
1718.7
1766.9
1815.3
1864.2
1913.6
1963.7
2014.5
2065.9
2118.0
2170.9
0.10751
0.11287
0.11846
0.12378
0.12890
0.13387
0.14347
0.15275
0.16181
0.17071
0.17950
0.18819
0.19680
0.20534
0.21382
0.22225
0.23063
0.23897
1337.8
1360.0
1383.0
1404.8
1425.8
1446.2
1485.8
1524.7
1563.3
1602.2
1641.5
1681.3
1721.8
1762.9
1804.7
1847.3
1890.6
1934.6
1466.8
1495.4
1525.1
1553.3
1580.5
1606.8
1658.0
1708.0
1757.5
1807.1
1856.9
1907.1
1957.9
2009.3
2061.3
2114.0
2167.3
2221.3
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
1000 kPa (24.90◦ C)
5.1110
5.1328
5.2287
5.3171
5.3996
5.4774
5.5513
5.6219
5.7555
5.8811
6.0006
6.1150
6.2254
6.3322
6.4358
6.5367
6.6350
6.7310
6.8248
0.12852
—
0.13206
0.13868
0.14499
0.15106
0.15695
0.16270
0.17389
0.18477
0.19545
0.20597
0.21638
0.22669
0.23693
0.24710
0.25720
0.26726
0.27726
1200 kPa (30.94◦ C)
Sat.
40
50
60
70
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
u
(kJ/kg)
1334.9
—
1347.1
1369.8
1391.3
1412.1
1432.2
1451.9
1490.5
1528.6
1566.8
1605.2
1644.2
1683.7
1723.9
1764.8
1806.4
1848.8
1891.8
1463.4
—
1479.1
1508.5
1536.3
1563.1
1589.1
1614.6
1664.3
1713.4
1762.2
1811.2
1860.5
1910.4
1960.8
2011.9
2063.6
2116.0
2169.1
5.0304
—
5.0826
5.1778
5.2654
5.3471
5.4240
5.4971
5.6342
5.7622
5.8834
5.9992
6.1105
6.2182
6.3226
6.4241
6.5229
6.6194
6.7137
1400 kPa (36.26◦ C)
4.9635
5.0564
5.1497
5.2357
5.3159
5.3916
5.5325
5.6631
5.7860
5.9031
6.0156
6.1241
6.2292
6.3313
6.4308
6.5278
6.6225
6.7151
0.09231
0.09432
0.09942
0.10423
0.10882
0.11324
0.12172
0.12986
0.13777
0.14552
0.15315
0.16068
0.16813
0.17551
0.18283
0.19010
0.19732
0.20450
1339.8
1349.5
1374.2
1397.2
1419.2
1440.3
1481.0
1520.7
1559.9
1599.2
1638.8
1678.9
1719.6
1761.0
1803.0
1845.8
1889.3
1933.5
1469.0
1481.6
1513.4
1543.1
1571.5
1598.8
1651.4
1702.5
1752.8
1802.9
1853.2
1903.8
1955.0
2006.7
2059.0
2111.9
2165.5
2219.8
4.9060
4.9463
5.0462
5.1370
5.2209
5.2994
5.4443
5.5775
5.7023
5.8208
5.9343
6.0437
6.1495
6.2523
6.3523
6.4498
6.5450
6.6380
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
799
TABLE B.2.2 (continued )
Superheated Ammonia
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
1600 kPa (41.03◦ C)
Sat.
50
60
70
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
0.08079
0.08506
0.08951
0.09372
0.09774
0.10539
0.11268
0.11974
0.12662
0.13339
0.14005
0.14663
0.15314
0.15959
0.16599
0.17234
0.17865
0.18492
0.19115
1341.2
1364.9
1389.3
1412.3
1434.3
1476.2
1516.6
1556.4
1596.1
1636.1
1676.5
1717.4
1759.0
1801.3
1844.3
1888.0
1932.4
1977.5
2023.3
1470.5
1501.0
1532.5
1562.3
1590.6
1644.8
1696.9
1748.0
1798.7
1849.5
1900.5
1952.0
2004.1
2056.7
2109.9
2163.7
2218.2
2273.4
2329.1
0.02365
0.02636
0.03024
0.03350
0.03643
0.03916
0.04174
0.04422
0.04662
0.04895
0.05123
0.05346
0.05565
0.05779
0.05990
0.06198
0.06403
0.06606
0.06806
1323.2
1369.7
1435.1
1489.8
1539.5
1586.9
1633.1
1678.9
1724.8
1770.9
1817.4
1864.5
1912.1
1960.3
2009.1
2058.5
2108.4
2159.0
2210.1
1441.4
1501.5
1586.3
1657.3
1721.7
1782.7
1841.8
1900.0
1957.9
2015.6
2073.6
2131.8
2190.3
2249.2
2308.6
2368.4
2428.6
2489.3
2550.4
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
2000 kPa (49.37◦ C)
4.8553
4.9510
5.0472
5.1351
5.2167
5.3659
5.5018
5.6286
5.7485
5.8631
5.9734
6.0800
6.1834
6.2839
6.3819
6.4775
6.5710
6.6624
6.7519
0.06444
0.06471
0.06875
0.07246
0.07595
0.08248
0.08861
0.09447
0.10016
0.10571
0.11116
0.11652
0.12182
0.12705
0.13224
0.13737
0.14246
0.14751
0.15253
5000 kPa (88.90◦ C)
Sat.
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
u
(kJ/kg)
1342.6
1344.5
1372.3
1397.8
1421.6
1466.1
1508.3
1549.3
1589.9
1630.6
1671.6
1713.1
1755.2
1797.9
1841.3
1885.4
1930.2
1975.6
2021.8
1471.5
1473.9
1509.8
1542.7
1573.5
1631.1
1685.5
1738.2
1790.2
1842.0
1893.9
1946.1
1998.8
2052.0
2105.8
2160.1
2215.1
2270.7
2326.8
4.7680
4.7754
4.8848
4.9821
5.0707
5.2294
5.3714
5.5022
5.6251
5.7420
5.8540
5.9621
6.0668
6.1685
6.2675
6.3641
6.4583
6.5505
6.6406
10000 kPa (125.20◦ C)
4.3454
4.5091
4.7306
4.9068
5.0591
5.1968
5.3245
5.4450
5.5600
5.6704
5.7771
5.8805
5.9809
6.0786
6.1738
6.2668
6.3576
6.4464
6.5334
0.00826
—
—
0.01195
0.01461
0.01666
0.01842
0.02001
0.02150
0.02290
0.02424
0.02552
0.02676
0.02796
0.02913
0.03026
0.03137
0.03245
0.03351
1206.8
—
—
1341.8
1432.2
1500.6
1560.3
1615.8
1669.2
1721.6
1773.6
1825.5
1877.6
1930.0
1982.8
2036.1
2089.8
2143.9
2198.5
1289.4
—
—
1461.3
1578.3
1667.2
1744.5
1816.0
1884.2
1950.6
2015.9
2080.7
2145.2
2209.6
2274.1
2338.7
2403.5
2468.5
2533.7
2nd Confirming Pages
3.7587
—
—
4.1839
4.4610
4.6617
4.8287
4.9767
5.1123
5.2392
5.3596
5.4746
5.5852
5.6921
5.7955
5.8960
5.9937
6.0888
6.1815
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
800
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.3
Thermodynamic Properties of Carbon Dioxide
TABLE B.3.1
Saturated Carbon Dioxide
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Temp.
(◦ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
vf
Evap.
ufg
Sat. Vapor
vg
Sat. Liquid
uf
Evap.
ufg
Sat. Vapor
ug
−50.0
−48
−46
−44
−42
−40
−38
−36
−34
−32
−30
−28
−26
−24
−22
−20
−18
−16
−14
−12
−10
−8
−6
−4
−2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
31.0
682.3
739.5
800.2
864.4
932.5
1004.5
1080.5
1160.7
1245.2
1334.2
1427.8
1526.1
1629.3
1737.5
1850.9
1969.6
2093.8
2223.7
2359.3
2501.0
2648.7
2802.7
2963.2
3130.3
3304.2
3485.1
3673.3
3868.8
4072.0
4283.1
4502.2
4729.7
4965.8
5210.8
5465.1
5729.1
6003.1
6287.7
6583.7
6891.8
7213.7
7377.3
0.000866
0.000872
0.000878
0.000883
0.000889
0.000896
0.000902
0.000909
0.000915
0.000922
0.000930
0.000937
0.000945
0.000953
0.000961
0.000969
0.000978
0.000987
0.000997
0.001007
0.001017
0.001028
0.001040
0.001052
0.001065
0.001078
0.001093
0.001108
0.001124
0.001142
0.001161
0.001182
0.001205
0.001231
0.001260
0.001293
0.001332
0.001379
0.001440
0.001526
0.001685
0.002139
0.05492
0.05075
0.04694
0.04347
0.04029
0.03739
0.03472
0.03227
0.03002
0.02794
0.02603
0.02425
0.02261
0.02110
0.01968
0.01837
0.01715
0.01601
0.01495
0.01396
0.01303
0.01216
0.01134
0.01057
0.00985
0.00916
0.00852
0.00790
0.00732
0.00677
0.00624
0.00573
0.00524
0.00477
0.00431
0.00386
0.00341
0.00295
0.00247
0.00193
0.00121
0.0
0.05579
0.05162
0.04782
0.04435
0.04118
0.03828
0.03562
0.03318
0.03093
0.02886
0.02696
0.02519
0.02356
0.02205
0.02065
0.01934
0.01813
0.01700
0.01595
0.01497
0.01405
0.01319
0.01238
0.01162
0.01091
0.01024
0.00961
0.00901
0.00845
0.00791
0.00740
0.00691
0.00645
0.00600
0.00557
0.00515
0.00474
0.00433
0.00391
0.00346
0.00290
0.00214
−20.55
−16.64
−12.72
−8.80
−4.85
−0.90
3.07
7.05
11.05
15.07
19.11
23.17
27.25
31.35
35.48
39.64
43.82
48.04
52.30
56.59
60.92
65.30
69.73
74.20
78.74
83.34
88.01
92.76
97.60
102.54
107.60
112.79
118.14
123.69
129.48
135.56
142.03
149.04
156.88
166.20
179.49
203.56
302.26
298.86
295.42
291.94
288.42
284.86
281.26
277.60
273.90
270.14
266.32
262.45
258.51
254.50
250.41
246.25
242.01
237.68
233.26
228.73
224.10
219.35
214.47
209.46
204.29
198.96
193.44
187.73
181.78
175.57
169.07
162.23
154.99
147.26
138.95
129.90
119.89
108.55
95.20
78.26
51.83
0.0
281.71
282.21
282.69
283.15
283.57
283.96
284.33
284.66
284.95
285.21
285.43
285.61
285.75
285.85
285.89
285.89
285.84
285.73
285.56
285.32
285.02
284.65
284.20
283.66
283.03
282.30
281.46
280.49
279.38
278.11
276.67
275.02
273.13
270.95
268.43
265.46
261.92
257.59
252.07
244.46
231.32
203.56
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
801
TABLE B.3.1 (continued )
Saturated Carbon Dioxide
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Temp.
(◦ C)
Press.
(kPa)
−50.0
−48
−46
−44
−42
−40
−38
−36
−34
−32
−30
−28
−26
−24
−22
−20
−18
−16
−14
−12
−10
−8
−6
−4
−2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
31.0
682.3
739.5
800.2
864.4
932.5
1004.5
1080.5
1160.7
1245.2
1334.2
1427.8
1526.1
1629.3
1737.5
1850.9
1969.6
2093.8
2223.7
2359.3
2501.0
2648.7
2802.7
2963.2
3130.3
3304.2
3485.1
3673.3
3868.8
4072.0
4283.1
4502.2
4729.7
4965.8
5210.8
5465.1
5729.1
6003.1
6287.7
6583.7
6891.8
7213.7
7377.3
Sat. Liquid
hf
−19.96
−16.00
−12.02
−8.03
−4.02
0.00
4.04
8.11
12.19
16.30
20.43
24.60
28.78
33.00
37.26
41.55
45.87
50.24
54.65
59.11
63.62
68.18
72.81
77.50
82.26
87.10
92.02
97.05
102.18
107.43
112.83
118.38
124.13
130.11
136.36
142.97
150.02
157.71
166.36
176.72
191.65
219.34
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Evap.
hfg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
Evap.
sfg
Sat. Vapor
sg
339.73
336.38
332.98
329.52
326.00
322.42
318.78
315.06
311.28
307.42
303.48
299.46
295.35
291.15
286.85
282.44
277.93
273.30
268.54
263.65
258.61
253.43
248.08
242.55
236.83
230.89
224.73
218.30
211.59
204.56
197.15
189.33
181.02
172.12
162.50
152.00
140.34
127.09
111.45
91.58
60.58
0.0
319.77
320.38
320.96
321.49
321.97
322.42
322.82
323.17
323.47
323.72
323.92
324.06
324.14
324.15
324.11
323.99
323.80
323.53
323.19
322.76
322.23
321.61
320.89
320.05
319.09
317.99
316.75
315.35
313.77
311.99
309.98
307.72
305.15
302.22
298.86
294.96
290.36
284.80
277.80
268.30
252.23
219.34
−0.0863
−0.0688
−0.0515
−0.0342
−0.0171
0.0000
0.0170
0.0339
0.0507
0.0675
0.0842
0.1009
0.1175
0.1341
0.1506
0.1672
0.1837
0.2003
0.2169
0.2334
0.2501
0.2668
0.2835
0.3003
0.3173
0.3344
0.3516
0.3690
0.3866
0.4045
0.4228
0.4414
0.4605
0.4802
0.5006
0.5221
0.5449
0.5695
0.5971
0.6301
0.6778
0.7680
1.5224
1.4940
1.4659
1.4380
1.4103
1.3829
1.3556
1.3285
1.3016
1.2748
1.2481
1.2215
1.1950
1.1686
1.1421
1.1157
1.0893
1.0628
1.0362
1.0096
0.9828
0.9558
0.9286
0.9012
0.8734
0.8453
0.8167
0.7877
0.7580
0.7276
0.6963
0.6640
0.6304
0.5952
0.5581
0.5185
0.4755
0.4277
0.3726
0.3041
0.1998
0.0
1.4362
1.4252
1.4144
1.4038
1.3933
1.3829
1.3726
1.3624
1.3523
1.3423
1.3323
1.3224
1.3125
1.3026
1.2928
1.2829
1.2730
1.2631
1.2531
1.2430
1.2328
1.2226
1.2121
1.2015
1.1907
1.1797
1.1683
1.1567
1.1446
1.1321
1.1190
1.1053
1.0909
1.0754
1.0588
1.0406
1.0203
0.9972
0.9697
0.9342
0.8776
0.7680
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
802
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.3.2
Superheated Carbon Dioxide
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
—
0.10499
0.11538
0.12552
0.13551
0.14538
0.15518
0.16491
0.17460
0.18425
0.19388
0.20348
0.21307
0.22264
0.23219
0.24173
0.25127
—
292.46
305.30
318.31
331.57
345.14
359.03
373.25
387.80
402.67
417.86
433.35
449.13
465.20
481.55
498.16
515.02
—
334.46
351.46
368.51
385.77
403.29
421.10
439.21
457.64
476.37
495.41
514.74
534.36
554.26
574.42
594.85
615.53
—
1.5947
1.6646
1.7295
1.7904
1.8482
1.9033
1.9561
2.0069
2.0558
2.1030
2.1487
2.1930
2.2359
2.2777
2.3183
2.3578
0.04783
0.04966
0.05546
0.06094
0.06623
0.07140
0.07648
0.08150
0.08647
0.09141
0.09631
0.10119
0.10606
0.11090
0.11573
0.12056
0.12537
1000 kPa (−40.12◦ C)
Sat.
−20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
0.03845
0.04342
0.04799
0.05236
0.05660
0.06074
0.06482
0.06885
0.07284
0.07680
0.08074
0.08465
0.08856
0.09244
0.09632
0.10019
0.10405
283.94
298.89
313.15
327.27
341.46
355.82
370.42
385.26
400.38
415.77
431.43
447.36
463.56
480.01
496.72
513.67
530.86
322.39
342.31
361.14
379.63
398.05
416.56
435.23
454.11
473.22
492.57
512.17
532.02
552.11
572.46
593.04
613.86
634.90
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
800 kPa (−46.00◦ C)
400 kPa (NA)
Sat.
−40
−20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
u
(kJ/kg)
282.69
287.05
301.13
314.92
328.73
342.70
356.90
371.37
386.11
401.15
416.47
432.07
447.95
464.11
480.52
497.20
514.12
320.95
326.78
345.49
363.67
381.72
399.82
418.09
436.57
455.29
474.27
493.52
513.03
532.80
552.83
573.11
593.64
614.41
1.4145
1.4398
1.5168
1.5859
1.6497
1.7094
1.7660
1.8199
1.8714
1.9210
1.9687
2.0148
2.0594
2.1027
2.1447
2.1855
2.2252
1400 kPa (−30.58◦ C)
1.3835
1.4655
1.5371
1.6025
1.6633
1.7206
1.7750
1.8270
1.8768
1.9249
1.9712
2.0160
2.0594
2.1015
2.1424
2.1822
2.2209
0.02750
0.02957
0.03315
0.03648
0.03966
0.04274
0.04575
0.04870
0.05161
0.05450
0.05736
0.06020
0.06302
0.06583
0.06863
0.07141
0.07419
285.37
294.04
309.42
324.23
338.90
353.62
368.48
383.54
398.83
414.36
430.14
446.17
462.45
478.98
495.76
512.77
530.01
323.87
335.44
355.83
375.30
394.42
413.45
432.52
451.72
471.09
490.66
510.44
530.45
550.68
571.14
591.83
612.74
633.88
1.3352
1.3819
1.4595
1.5283
1.5914
1.6503
1.7059
1.7588
1.8093
1.8579
1.9046
1.9498
1.9935
2.0358
2.0770
2.1169
2.1558
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
803
TABLE B.3.2 (continued )
Superheated Carbon Dioxide
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
2000 kPa (−19.50◦ C)
Sat.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
0.01903
0.02193
0.02453
0.02693
0.02922
0.03143
0.03359
0.03570
0.03777
0.03982
0.04186
0.04387
0.04587
0.04786
0.04983
0.05180
0.05377
285.88
303.24
319.37
334.88
350.19
365.49
380.90
396.46
412.22
428.18
444.37
460.79
477.43
494.31
511.41
528.73
546.26
323.95
347.09
368.42
388.75
408.64
428.36
448.07
467.85
487.76
507.83
528.08
548.53
569.17
590.02
611.08
632.34
653.80
0.00474
—
0.00670
0.00801
0.00908
0.01004
0.01092
0.01176
0.01257
0.01335
0.01411
0.01485
0.01558
0.01630
0.01701
0.01771
0.01840
261.97
—
298.62
322.51
342.74
361.47
379.47
397.10
414.56
431.97
449.40
466.91
484.52
502.27
520.15
538.18
556.37
290.42
—
338.82
370.54
397.21
421.69
445.02
467.68
489.97
512.06
534.04
556.01
578.00
600.05
622.19
644.44
666.80
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
3000 kPa (−5.55◦ C)
1.2804
1.3684
1.4438
1.5109
1.5725
1.6300
1.6843
1.7359
1.7853
1.8327
1.8784
1.9226
1.9653
2.0068
2.0470
2.0862
2.1243
0.01221
0.01293
0.01512
0.01698
0.01868
0.02029
0.02182
0.02331
0.02477
0.02619
0.02759
0.02898
0.03035
0.03171
0.03306
0.03440
0.03573
6000 kPa (21.98◦ C)
Sat.
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
u
(kJ/kg)
284.09
290.52
310.21
327.61
344.14
360.30
376.35
392.42
408.57
424.87
441.34
457.99
474.83
491.88
509.13
526.59
544.25
320.71
329.32
355.56
378.55
400.19
421.16
441.82
462.35
482.87
503.44
524.12
544.92
565.88
587.01
608.30
629.78
651.43
1.2098
1.2416
1.3344
1.4104
1.4773
1.5385
1.5954
1.6490
1.6999
1.7485
1.7952
1.8401
1.8835
1.9255
1.9662
2.0057
2.0442
10 000 kPa
1.0206
—
1.1806
1.2789
1.3567
1.4241
1.4850
1.5413
1.5939
1.6438
1.6913
1.7367
1.7804
1.8226
1.8634
1.9029
1.9412
—
0.00117
0.00159
0.00345
0.00451
0.00530
0.00598
0.00658
0.00715
0.00768
0.00819
0.00868
0.00916
0.00962
0.01008
0.01053
0.01097
—
118.12
184.23
277.63
312.82
338.20
360.19
380.54
399.99
418.94
437.61
456.12
474.58
493.03
511.53
530.11
548.77
—
129.80
200.14
312.11
357.95
391.24
419.96
446.38
471.46
495.73
519.49
542.91
566.14
589.26
612.32
635.37
658.46
2nd Confirming Pages
—
0.4594
0.6906
1.0389
1.1728
1.2646
1.3396
1.4051
1.4644
1.5192
1.5705
1.6190
1.6652
1.7094
1.7518
1.7928
1.8324
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
804
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.4
Thermodynamic Properties of R-410a
TABLE B.4.1
Saturated R-410a
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Temp.
(◦ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
vf
Evap.
vfg
Sat. Vapor
vg
Sat. Liquid
uf
Evap.
ufg
Sat. Vapor
ug
−60
−55
−51.4
−50
−45
−40
−35
−30
−25
−20
−15
−10
−5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
71.3
64.1
84.0
101.3
108.7
138.8
175.0
218.4
269.6
329.7
399.6
480.4
573.1
678.9
798.7
933.9
1085.7
1255.4
1444.2
1653.6
1885.1
2140.2
2420.7
2728.3
3065.2
3433.7
3836.9
4278.3
4763.1
4901.2
0.000727
0.000735
0.000741
0.000743
0.000752
0.000762
0.000771
0.000781
0.000792
0.000803
0.000815
0.000827
0.000841
0.000855
0.000870
0.000886
0.000904
0.000923
0.000944
0.000968
0.000995
0.001025
0.001060
0.001103
0.001156
0.001227
0.001338
0.001619
0
0.36772
0.28484
0.23875
0.22344
0.17729
0.14215
0.11505
0.09392
0.07726
0.06400
0.05334
0.04470
0.03764
0.03182
0.02699
0.02295
0.01955
0.01666
0.01420
0.01208
0.01025
0.00865
0.00723
0.00597
0.00482
0.00374
0.00265
0.00124
0.00000
0.36845
0.28558
0.23949
0.22418
0.17804
0.14291
0.11582
0.09470
0.07805
0.06480
0.05416
0.04553
0.03848
0.03267
0.02786
0.02383
0.02045
0.01758
0.01514
0.01305
0.01124
0.00967
0.00829
0.00707
0.00598
0.00497
0.00399
0.00286
0.00218
−27.50
−20.70
−15.78
−13.88
−7.02
−0.13
6.80
13.78
20.82
27.92
35.08
42.32
49.65
57.07
64.60
72.24
80.02
87.94
96.03
104.32
112.83
121.61
130.72
140.27
150.44
161.57
174.59
194.53
215.78
256.41
251.89
248.59
247.31
242.67
237.95
233.14
228.23
223.21
218.07
212.79
207.36
201.75
195.95
189.93
183.66
177.10
170.21
162.95
155.24
147.00
138.11
128.41
117.63
105.34
90.70
71.59
37.47
0
228.91
231.19
232.81
233.43
235.64
237.81
239.94
242.01
244.03
245.99
247.88
249.69
251.41
253.02
254.53
255.90
257.12
258.16
258.98
259.56
259.83
259.72
259.13
257.90
255.78
252.27
246.19
232.01
215.78
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
805
TABLE B.4.1 (continued )
Saturated R-410a
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Temp.
(◦ C)
Press.
(kPa)
−60
−55
−51.4
−50
−45
−40
−35
−30
−25
−20
−15
−10
−5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
71.3
64.1
84.0
101.3
108.7
138.8
175.0
218.4
269.6
329.7
399.6
480.4
573.1
678.9
798.7
933.9
1085.7
1255.4
1444.2
1653.6
1885.1
2140.2
2420.7
2728.3
3065.2
3433.7
3836.9
4278.3
4763.1
4901.2
Sat. Liquid
hf
−27.45
−20.64
−15.70
−13.80
−6.92
0.00
6.97
13.99
21.08
28.24
35.47
42.80
50.22
57.76
65.41
73.21
81.15
89.27
97.59
106.14
114.95
124.09
133.61
143.65
154.41
166.28
180.32
202.24
226.46
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Evap.
hfg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
Evap.
sfg
Sat. Vapor
sg
279.96
275.83
272.78
271.60
267.27
262.83
258.26
253.55
248.69
243.65
238.42
232.98
227.31
221.37
215.13
208.57
201.64
194.28
186.43
178.02
168.94
159.04
148.14
135.93
121.89
105.04
82.95
43.40
0
252.51
255.19
257.08
257.80
260.35
262.83
265.23
267.54
269.77
271.89
273.90
275.78
277.53
279.12
280.55
281.78
282.79
283.55
284.02
284.16
283.89
283.13
281.76
279.58
276.30
271.33
263.26
245.64
226.46
−0.1227
−0.0912
−0.0688
−0.0603
−0.0299
0.0000
0.0294
0.0585
0.0871
0.1154
0.1435
0.1713
0.1989
0.2264
0.2537
0.2810
0.3083
0.3357
0.3631
0.3908
0.4189
0.4473
0.4765
0.5067
0.5384
0.5729
0.6130
0.6752
0.7449
1.3135
1.2644
1.2301
1.2171
1.1715
1.1273
1.0844
1.0428
1.0022
0.9625
0.9236
0.8854
0.8477
0.8104
0.7734
0.7366
0.6998
0.6627
0.6253
0.5872
0.5482
0.5079
0.4656
0.4206
0.3715
0.3153
0.2453
0.1265
0
1.1907
1.1732
1.1613
1.1568
1.1416
1.1273
1.1139
1.1012
1.0893
1.0779
1.0671
1.0567
1.0466
1.0368
1.0272
1.0176
1.0081
0.9984
0.9884
0.9781
0.9671
0.9552
0.9421
0.9273
0.9099
0.8882
0.8583
0.8017
0.7449
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
806
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.4.2
Superheated R-410a
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
50 kPa (−64.34◦ C)
Sat.
−60
−40
−20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
0.46484
0.47585
0.52508
0.57295
0.62016
0.66698
0.71355
0.75995
0.80623
0.85243
0.89857
0.94465
0.99070
1.03671
1.08270
1.12867
1.17462
226.90
229.60
241.94
254.51
267.52
281.05
295.15
309.84
325.11
340.99
357.46
374.50
392.12
410.28
428.98
448.19
467.90
250.15
253.40
268.20
283.16
298.53
314.40
330.83
347.83
365.43
383.61
402.38
421.74
441.65
462.12
483.11
504.63
526.63
0.16540
0.16851
0.18613
0.20289
0.21921
0.23525
0.25112
0.26686
0.28251
0.29810
0.31364
0.32915
0.34462
0.36006
0.37548
0.39089
0.40628
236.36
238.72
252.34
265.90
279.78
294.12
308.97
324.37
340.35
356.89
374.00
391.66
409.87
428.60
447.84
467.58
487.78
261.17
263.99
280.26
296.33
312.66
329.40
346.64
364.40
382.72
401.60
421.04
441.03
461.56
482.61
504.16
526.21
548.73
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
100 kPa (−51.65◦ C)
1.2070
1.2225
1.2888
1.3504
1.4088
1.4649
1.5191
1.5717
1.6230
1.6731
1.7221
1.7701
1.8171
1.8633
1.9087
1.9532
1.9969
0.24247
—
0.25778
0.28289
0.30723
0.33116
0.35483
0.37833
0.40171
0.42500
0.44822
0.47140
0.49453
0.51764
0.54072
0.56378
0.58682
150 kPa (−43.35◦ C)
Sat.
−40
−20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
u
(kJ/kg)
232.70
—
240.40
253.44
266.72
280.42
294.64
309.40
324.75
340.67
357.17
374.25
391.89
410.07
428.79
448.02
467.74
256.94
—
266.18
281.73
297.44
313.54
330.12
347.24
364.92
383.17
401.99
421.39
441.34
461.84
482.86
504.40
526.42
1.1621
—
1.2027
1.2667
1.3265
1.3833
1.4380
1.4910
1.5425
1.5928
1.6419
1.6901
1.7372
1.7835
1.8289
1.8734
1.9172
200 kPa (−37.01◦ C)
1.1368
1.1489
1.2159
1.2770
1.3347
1.3899
1.4433
1.4950
1.5455
1.5948
1.6430
1.6902
1.7366
1.7820
1.8266
1.8705
1.9135
0.12591
—
0.13771
0.15070
0.16322
0.17545
0.18750
0.19943
0.21127
0.22305
0.23477
0.24645
0.25810
0.26973
0.28134
0.29293
0.30450
239.09
—
251.18
265.06
279.13
293.59
308.53
324.00
340.02
356.60
373.74
391.43
409.66
428.41
447.67
467.41
487.63
264.27
—
278.72
295.20
311.78
328.68
346.03
363.89
382.28
401.21
420.70
440.72
461.28
482.35
503.93
526.00
548.53
1.1192
—
1.1783
1.2410
1.2995
1.3553
1.4090
1.4610
1.5117
1.5611
1.6094
1.6568
1.7032
1.7487
1.7933
1.8372
1.8803
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
807
TABLE B.4.2 (continued )
Superheated R-410a
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
300 kPa (−27.37◦ C)
Sat.
−20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
0.08548
0.08916
0.09845
0.10720
0.11564
0.12388
0.13200
0.14003
0.14798
0.15589
0.16376
0.17159
0.17940
0.18719
0.19496
0.20272
0.21046
243.08
248.71
263.33
277.81
292.53
307.65
323.25
339.37
356.03
373.23
390.97
409.24
428.03
447.31
467.09
487.33
508.02
268.72
275.46
292.87
309.96
327.22
344.81
362.85
381.38
400.43
420.00
440.10
460.72
481.85
503.47
525.58
548.15
571.16
0.05208
0.05651
0.06231
0.06775
0.07297
0.07804
0.08302
0.08793
0.09279
0.09760
0.10238
0.10714
0.11187
0.11659
0.12129
0.12598
0.13066
248.29
259.59
275.02
290.32
305.84
321.72
338.05
354.87
372.20
390.05
408.40
427.26
446.61
466.44
486.73
507.46
528.62
274.33
287.84
306.18
324.20
342.32
360.74
379.56
398.84
418.60
438.85
459.59
480.83
502.55
524.73
547.37
570.45
593.95
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
400 kPa (−19.98◦ C)
1.0949
1.1219
1.1881
1.2485
1.3054
1.3599
1.4125
1.4635
1.5132
1.5617
1.6093
1.6558
1.7014
1.7462
1.7901
1.8332
1.8756
0.06475
—
0.07227
0.07916
0.08571
0.09207
0.09828
0.10440
0.11045
0.11645
0.12241
0.12834
0.13424
0.14012
0.14598
0.15182
0.15766
500 kPa (−13.89◦ C)
Sat.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
u
(kJ/kg)
246.00
—
261.51
276.44
291.44
306.75
322.49
338.72
355.45
372.72
390.51
408.82
427.64
446.96
466.76
487.03
507.74
271.90
—
290.42
308.10
325.72
343.58
361.80
380.48
399.64
419.30
439.47
460.16
481.34
503.01
525.15
547.76
570.81
1.0779
—
1.1483
1.2108
1.2689
1.3242
1.3773
1.4288
1.4788
1.5276
1.5752
1.6219
1.6676
1.7125
1.7565
1.7997
1.8422
600 kPa (−8.67◦ C)
1.0647
1.1155
1.1803
1.2398
1.2959
1.3496
1.4014
1.4517
1.5007
1.5486
1.5954
1.6413
1.6862
1.7303
1.7736
1.8161
1.8578
0.04351
0.04595
0.05106
0.05576
0.06023
0.06455
0.06877
0.07292
0.07701
0.08106
0.08508
0.08907
0.09304
0.09700
0.10093
0.10486
0.10877
250.15
257.54
273.56
289.19
304.91
320.94
337.38
354.29
371.68
389.58
407.98
426.88
446.26
466.11
486.42
507.18
528.36
276.26
285.12
304.20
322.64
341.05
359.67
378.65
398.04
417.89
438.22
459.03
480.32
502.08
524.31
546.98
570.09
593.62
2nd Confirming Pages
1.0540
1.0869
1.1543
1.2152
1.2722
1.3265
1.3787
1.4294
1.4786
1.5266
1.5736
1.6196
1.6646
1.7088
1.7521
1.7947
1.8365
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
808
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.4.2 (continued )
Superheated R-410a
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
800 kPa (0.05◦ C)
Sat.
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
0.03262
0.03693
0.04074
0.04429
0.04767
0.05095
0.05415
0.05729
0.06039
0.06345
0.06649
0.06951
0.07251
0.07549
0.07846
0.08142
253.04
270.47
286.83
303.01
319.36
336.03
353.11
370.64
388.65
407.13
426.10
445.55
465.46
485.82
506.61
527.83
279.14
300.02
319.42
338.44
357.49
376.79
396.42
416.47
436.96
457.90
479.30
501.15
523.46
546.21
569.38
592.97
0.02145
0.02260
0.02563
0.02830
0.03077
0.03311
0.03537
0.03756
0.03971
0.04183
0.04391
0.04597
0.04802
0.05005
0.05207
0.05407
0.05607
256.75
263.39
281.72
299.00
316.06
333.24
350.69
368.51
386.75
405.43
424.55
444.12
464.14
484.60
505.48
526.77
548.47
282.50
290.51
312.48
332.96
352.98
372.97
393.13
413.59
434.40
455.62
477.24
499.29
521.77
544.66
567.96
591.66
615.75
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
1000 kPa (7.25◦ C)
1.0367
1.1105
1.1746
1.2334
1.2890
1.3421
1.3934
1.4431
1.4915
1.5388
1.5850
1.6302
1.6746
1.7181
1.7607
1.8026
0.02596
0.02838
0.03170
0.03470
0.03753
0.04025
0.04288
0.04545
0.04798
0.05048
0.05294
0.05539
0.05781
0.06023
0.06262
0.06501
1200 kPa (13.43◦ C)
Sat.
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
u
(kJ/kg)
255.16
267.11
284.35
301.04
317.73
334.65
351.91
369.58
387.70
406.28
425.33
444.84
464.80
485.21
506.05
527.30
281.12
295.49
316.05
335.75
355.27
374.89
394.79
415.04
435.68
456.76
478.27
500.23
522.62
545.43
568.67
592.31
1.0229
1.0730
1.1409
1.2019
1.2588
1.3128
1.3648
1.4150
1.4638
1.5113
1.5578
1.6032
1.6477
1.6914
1.7341
1.7761
1400 kPa (18.88◦ C)
1.0111
1.0388
1.1113
1.1747
1.2331
1.2881
1.3408
1.3915
1.4407
1.4886
1.5353
1.5809
1.6256
1.6693
1.7122
1.7543
1.7956
0.01819
0.01838
0.02127
0.02371
0.02593
0.02801
0.03000
0.03192
0.03380
0.03565
0.03746
0.03925
0.04102
0.04278
0.04452
0.04626
0.04798
257.94
259.18
278.93
296.88
314.35
331.80
349.46
367.43
385.79
404.56
423.77
443.41
463.49
483.99
504.91
526.25
547.97
283.40
284.90
308.71
330.07
350.64
371.01
391.46
412.13
433.12
454.47
476.21
498.36
520.92
543.88
567.25
591.01
615.14
1.0006
1.0057
1.0843
1.1505
1.2105
1.2666
1.3199
1.3712
1.4208
1.4690
1.5160
1.5618
1.6066
1.6505
1.6936
1.7358
1.7772
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
809
TABLE B.4.2 (continued )
Superheated R-410a
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
1800 kPa (28.22◦ C)
Sat.
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
0.01376
0.01534
0.01754
0.01945
0.02119
0.02283
0.02441
0.02593
0.02741
0.02886
0.03029
0.03170
0.03309
0.03447
0.03584
0.03720
0.03855
259.38
272.67
292.34
310.76
328.84
346.93
365.24
383.85
402.82
422.19
441.97
462.16
482.77
503.78
525.19
546.98
569.15
284.15
300.29
323.92
345.77
366.98
388.03
409.17
430.51
452.16
474.14
496.49
519.22
542.34
565.83
589.70
613.94
638.54
0.00729
0.00858
0.01025
0.01159
0.01277
0.01387
0.01489
0.01588
0.01683
0.01775
0.01865
0.01954
0.02041
0.02127
0.02212
0.02296
0.02379
258.19
274.96
298.38
319.07
338.84
358.32
377.80
397.46
417.37
437.60
458.16
479.08
500.37
522.01
544.02
566.37
589.07
280.06
300.70
329.12
353.84
377.16
399.92
422.49
445.09
467.85
490.84
514.11
537.69
561.59
585.81
610.37
635.25
660.45
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
2000 kPa (32.31◦ C)
0.9818
1.0344
1.1076
1.1713
1.2297
1.2847
1.3371
1.3875
1.4364
1.4839
1.5301
1.5753
1.6195
1.6627
1.7051
1.7467
1.7875
0.01218
0.01321
0.01536
0.01717
0.01880
0.02032
0.02177
0.02317
0.02452
0.02585
0.02715
0.02844
0.02970
0.03095
0.03220
0.03343
0.03465
3000 kPa (49.07◦ C)
Sat.
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
u
(kJ/kg)
259.72
269.07
289.90
308.88
327.30
345.64
364.12
382.86
401.94
421.40
441.25
461.50
482.16
503.21
524.66
546.49
568.69
284.09
295.49
320.62
343.22
364.91
386.29
407.66
429.20
450.99
473.10
495.55
518.37
541.56
565.12
589.05
613.35
637.99
0.9731
1.0099
1.0878
1.1537
1.2134
1.2693
1.3223
1.3732
1.4224
1.4701
1.5166
1.5619
1.6063
1.6497
1.6922
1.7338
1.7747
4000 kPa (61.90◦ C)
0.9303
0.9933
1.0762
1.1443
1.2052
1.2617
1.3150
1.3661
1.4152
1.4628
1.5091
1.5541
1.5981
1.6411
1.6833
1.7245
1.7650
0.00460
—
0.00661
0.00792
0.00897
0.00990
0.01076
0.01156
0.01232
0.01305
0.01377
0.01446
0.01514
0.01581
0.01647
0.01712
0.01776
250.37
—
285.02
309.62
331.39
352.14
372.51
392.82
413.25
433.88
454.79
475.99
497.51
519.37
541.55
564.06
586.90
268.76
—
311.48
341.29
367.29
391.75
415.53
439.05
462.52
486.10
509.85
533.83
558.08
582.60
607.42
632.54
657.95
2nd Confirming Pages
0.8782
—
1.0028
1.0850
1.1529
1.2136
1.2698
1.3229
1.3736
1.4224
1.4696
1.5155
1.5601
1.6037
1.6462
1.6879
1.7286
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
810
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.5
Thermodynamic Properties of R-134a
TABLE B.5.1
Saturated R-134a
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Temp.
(◦ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
vf
Evap.
vfg
Sat. Vapor
vg
Sat. Liquid
uf
Evap.
ufg
Sat. Vapor
ug
−70
−65
−60
−55
−50
−45
−40
−35
−30
−26.3
−25
−20
−15
−10
−5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
101.2
8.3
11.7
16.3
22.2
29.9
39.6
51.8
66.8
85.1
101.3
107.2
133.7
165.0
201.7
244.5
294.0
350.9
415.8
489.5
572.8
666.3
771.0
887.6
1017.0
1160.2
1318.1
1491.6
1681.8
1889.9
2117.0
2364.4
2633.6
2926.2
3244.5
3591.5
3973.2
4064.0
0.000675
0.000679
0.000684
0.000689
0.000695
0.000701
0.000708
0.000715
0.000722
0.000728
0.000730
0.000738
0.000746
0.000755
0.000764
0.000773
0.000783
0.000794
0.000805
0.000817
0.000829
0.000843
0.000857
0.000873
0.000890
0.000908
0.000928
0.000951
0.000976
0.001005
0.001038
0.001078
0.001128
0.001195
0.001297
0.001557
0.001969
1.97207
1.42915
1.05199
0.78609
0.59587
0.45783
0.35625
0.28051
0.22330
0.18947
0.17957
0.14576
0.11932
0.09845
0.08181
0.06842
0.05755
0.04866
0.04133
0.03524
0.03015
0.02587
0.02224
0.01915
0.01650
0.01422
0.01224
0.01051
0.00899
0.00765
0.00645
0.00537
0.00437
0.00341
0.00243
0.00108
0
1.97274
1.42983
1.05268
0.78678
0.59657
0.45853
0.35696
0.28122
0.22402
0.19020
0.18030
0.14649
0.12007
0.09921
0.08257
0.06919
0.05833
0.04945
0.04213
0.03606
0.03098
0.02671
0.02310
0.02002
0.01739
0.01512
0.01316
0.01146
0.00997
0.00866
0.00749
0.00645
0.00550
0.00461
0.00373
0.00264
0.00197
119.46
123.18
127.52
132.36
137.60
143.15
148.95
154.93
161.06
165.73
167.30
173.65
180.07
186.57
193.14
199.77
206.48
213.25
220.10
227.03
234.04
241.14
248.34
255.65
263.08
270.63
278.33
286.19
294.24
302.51
311.06
319.96
329.35
339.51
351.17
368.55
382.97
218.74
217.76
216.19
214.14
211.71
208.99
206.05
202.93
199.67
197.16
196.31
192.85
189.32
185.70
182.01
178.24
174.38
170.42
166.35
162.16
157.83
153.34
148.68
143.81
138.71
133.35
127.68
121.66
115.22
108.27
100.68
92.26
82.67
71.24
56.25
28.19
0
338.20
340.94
343.71
346.50
349.31
352.15
355.00
357.86
360.73
362.89
363.61
366.50
369.39
372.27
375.15
378.01
380.85
383.67
386.45
389.19
391.87
394.48
397.02
399.46
401.79
403.98
406.01
407.85
409.46
410.78
411.74
412.22
412.01
410.75
407.42
396.74
382.97
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
811
TABLE B.5.1 (continued )
Saturated R-134a
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Entropy, kJ/k-K
Temp.
(◦ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
hf
Evap.
hfg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
Evap.
sfg
Sat. Vapor
sg
−70
−65
−60
−55
−50
−45
−40
−35
−30
−26.3
−25
−20
−15
−10
−5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
101.2
8.3
11.7
16.3
22.2
29.9
39.6
51.8
66.8
85.1
101.3
107.2
133.7
165.0
201.7
244.5
294.0
350.9
415.8
489.5
572.8
666.3
771.0
887.6
1017.0
1160.2
1318.1
1491.6
1681.8
1889.9
2117.0
2364.4
2633.6
2926.2
3244.5
3591.5
3973.2
4064.0
119.47
123.18
127.53
132.37
137.62
143.18
148.98
154.98
161.12
165.80
167.38
173.74
180.19
186.72
193.32
200.00
206.75
213.58
220.49
227.49
234.59
241.79
249.10
256.54
264.11
271.83
279.72
287.79
296.09
304.64
313.51
322.79
332.65
343.38
355.83
374.74
390.98
235.15
234.55
233.33
231.63
229.54
227.14
224.50
221.67
218.68
216.36
215.57
212.34
209.00
205.56
202.02
198.36
194.57
190.65
186.58
182.35
177.92
173.29
168.42
163.28
157.85
152.08
145.93
139.33
132.21
124.47
115.94
106.40
95.45
82.31
64.98
32.47
0
354.62
357.73
360.86
364.00
367.16
370.32
373.48
376.64
379.80
382.16
382.95
386.08
389.20
392.28
395.34
398.36
401.32
404.23
407.07
409.84
412.51
415.08
417.52
419.82
421.96
423.91
425.65
427.13
428.30
429.11
429.45
429.19
428.10
425.70
420.81
407.21
390.98
0.6645
0.6825
0.7031
0.7256
0.7493
0.7740
0.7991
0.8245
0.8499
0.8690
0.8754
0.9007
0.9258
0.9507
0.9755
1.0000
1.0243
1.0485
1.0725
1.0963
1.1201
1.1437
1.1673
1.1909
1.2145
1.2381
1.2619
1.2857
1.3099
1.3343
1.3592
1.3849
1.4117
1.4404
1.4733
1.5228
1.5658
1.1575
1.1268
1.0947
1.0618
1.0286
0.9956
0.9629
0.9308
0.8994
0.8763
0.8687
0.8388
0.8096
0.7812
0.7534
0.7262
0.6995
0.6733
0.6475
0.6220
0.5967
0.5716
0.5465
0.5214
0.4962
0.4706
0.4447
0.4182
0.3910
0.3627
0.3330
0.3013
0.2665
0.2267
0.1765
0.0870
0
1.8220
1.8094
1.7978
1.7874
1.7780
1.7695
1.7620
1.7553
1.7493
1.7453
1.7441
1.7395
1.7354
1.7319
1.7288
1.7262
1.7239
1.7218
1.7200
1.7183
1.7168
1.7153
1.7139
1.7123
1.7106
1.7088
1.7066
1.7040
1.7008
1.6970
1.6923
1.6862
1.6782
1.6671
1.6498
1.6098
1.5658
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
812
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.5.2
Superheated R-134a
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg )
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
50 kPa (−40.67◦ C)
Sat.
−20
−10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
0.36889
0.40507
0.42222
0.43921
0.45608
0.47287
0.48958
0.50623
0.52284
0.53941
0.55595
0.57247
0.58896
0.60544
0.62190
0.63835
0.65479
354.61
368.57
375.53
382.63
389.90
397.32
404.90
412.64
420.55
428.63
436.86
445.26
453.82
462.53
471.41
480.44
489.63
373.06
388.82
396.64
404.59
412.70
420.96
429.38
437.96
446.70
455.60
464.66
473.88
483.26
492.81
502.50
512.36
522.37
0.13139
0.13602
0.14222
0.14828
0.15424
0.16011
0.16592
0.17168
0.17740
0.18308
0.18874
0.19437
0.19999
0.20559
0.21117
0.21675
0.22231
368.06
373.44
380.85
388.36
395.98
403.71
411.59
419.60
427.76
436.06
444.52
453.13
461.89
470.80
479.87
489.08
498.45
387.77
393.84
402.19
410.60
419.11
427.73
436.47
445.35
454.37
463.53
472.83
482.28
491.89
501.64
511.54
521.60
531.80
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
100 kPa (−26.54◦ C)
1.7629
1.8279
1.8582
1.8878
1.9170
1.9456
1.9739
2.0017
2.0292
2.0563
2.0831
2.1096
2.1358
2.1617
2.1874
2.2128
2.2379
0.19257
0.19860
0.20765
0.21652
0.22527
0.23392
0.24250
0.25101
0.25948
0.26791
0.27631
0.28468
0.29302
0.30135
0.30967
0.31797
0.32626
150 kPa (−17.29◦ C)
Sat.
−10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
u
(kJ/kg)
362.73
367.36
374.51
381.76
389.14
396.66
404.31
412.12
420.08
428.20
436.47
444.89
453.47
462.21
471.11
480.16
489.36
381.98
387.22
395.27
403.41
411.67
420.05
428.56
437.22
446.03
454.99
464.10
473.36
482.78
492.35
502.07
511.95
521.98
1.7456
1.7665
1.7978
1.8281
1.8578
1.8869
1.9155
1.9436
1.9712
1.9985
2.0255
2.0521
2.0784
2.1044
2.1301
2.1555
2.1807
200 kPa (−10.22◦ C)
1.7372
1.7606
1.7917
1.8220
1.8515
1.8804
1.9088
1.9367
1.9642
1.9913
2.0180
2.0444
2.0705
2.0963
2.1218
2.1470
2.1720
0.10002
0.10013
0.10501
0.10974
0.11436
0.11889
0.12335
0.12776
0.13213
0.13646
0.14076
0.14504
0.14930
0.15355
0.15777
0.16199
0.16620
372.15
372.31
379.91
387.55
395.27
403.10
411.04
419.11
427.31
435.65
444.14
452.78
461.56
470.50
479.58
488.81
498.19
392.15
392.34
400.91
409.50
418.15
426.87
435.71
444.66
453.74
462.95
472.30
481.79
491.42
501.21
511.13
521.21
531.43
1.7320
1.7328
1.7647
1.7956
1.8256
1.8549
1.8836
1.9117
1.9394
1.9666
1.9935
2.0200
2.0461
2.0720
2.0976
2.1229
2.1479
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
813
TABLE B.5.2 (continued )
Superheated R-134a
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg )
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
300 kPa (0.56◦ C)
Sat.
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
0.06787
0.07111
0.07441
0.07762
0.08075
0.08382
0.08684
0.08982
0.09277
0.09570
0.09861
0.10150
0.10437
0.10723
0.11008
0.11292
0.11575
378.33
385.84
393.80
401.81
409.90
418.09
426.39
434.82
443.37
452.07
460.90
469.87
478.99
488.26
497.66
507.22
516.91
398.69
407.17
416.12
425.10
434.12
443.23
452.44
461.76
471.21
480.78
490.48
500.32
510.30
520.43
530.69
541.09
551.64
0.04126
0.04226
0.04446
0.04656
0.04858
0.05055
0.05247
0.05435
0.05620
0.05804
0.05985
0.06164
0.06342
0.06518
0.06694
0.06869
0.07043
386.82
390.52
398.99
407.44
415.91
424.44
433.06
441.77
450.59
459.53
468.60
477.79
487.13
496.59
506.20
515.95
525.83
407.45
411.65
421.22
430.72
440.20
449.72
459.29
468.94
478.69
488.55
498.52
508.61
518.83
529.19
539.67
550.29
561.04
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
400 kPa (8.84◦ C)
1.7259
1.7564
1.7874
1.8175
1.8468
1.8755
1.9035
1.9311
1.9582
1.9850
2.0113
2.0373
2.0631
2.0885
2.1136
2.1385
2.1631
0.05136
0.05168
0.05436
0.05693
0.05940
0.06181
0.06417
0.06648
0.06877
0.07102
0.07325
0.07547
0.07767
0.07985
0.08202
0.08418
0.08634
500 kPa (15.66◦ C)
Sat.
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
u
(kJ/kg)
383.02
383.98
392.22
400.45
408.70
417.03
425.44
433.95
442.58
451.34
460.22
469.24
478.40
487.69
497.13
506.71
516.43
403.56
404.65
413.97
423.22
432.46
441.75
451.10
460.55
470.09
479.75
489.52
499.43
509.46
519.63
529.94
540.38
550.97
1.7223
1.7261
1.7584
1.7895
1.8195
1.8487
1.8772
1.9051
1.9325
1.9595
1.9860
2.0122
2.0381
2.0636
2.0889
2.1139
2.1386
600 kPa (21.52◦ C)
1.7198
1.7342
1.7663
1.7971
1.8270
1.8560
1.8843
1.9120
1.9392
1.9660
1.9924
2.0184
2.0440
2.0694
2.0945
2.1193
2.1438
0.03442
—
0.03609
0.03796
0.03974
0.04145
0.04311
0.04473
0.04632
0.04788
0.04943
0.05095
0.05246
0.05396
0.05544
0.05692
0.05839
390.01
—
397.44
406.11
414.75
423.41
432.13
440.93
449.82
458.82
467.94
477.18
486.55
496.05
505.69
515.46
525.36
410.66
—
419.09
428.88
438.59
448.28
457.99
467.76
477.61
487.55
497.59
507.75
518.03
528.43
538.95
549.61
560.40
2nd Confirming Pages
1.7179
—
1.7461
1.7779
1.8084
1.8379
1.8666
1.8947
1.9222
1.9492
1.9758
2.0019
2.0277
2.0532
2.0784
2.1033
2.1279
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
814
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.5.2 (continued )
Superheated R-134a
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg )
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
800 kPa (31.30◦ C)
Sat.
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
0.02571
0.02711
0.02861
0.03002
0.03137
0.03268
0.03394
0.03518
0.03639
0.03758
0.03876
0.03992
0.04107
0.04221
0.04334
0.04446
395.15
403.17
412.23
421.20
430.17
439.17
448.22
457.35
466.58
475.92
485.37
494.94
504.64
514.46
524.42
534.51
415.72
424.86
435.11
445.22
455.27
465.31
475.38
485.50
495.70
505.99
516.38
526.88
537.50
548.23
559.09
570.08
0.01676
0.01724
0.01844
0.01953
0.02055
0.02151
0.02244
0.02333
0.02420
0.02504
0.02587
0.02669
0.02750
0.02829
0.02907
402.37
406.15
416.08
425.74
435.27
444.74
454.20
463.71
473.27
482.91
492.65
502.48
512.43
522.50
532.68
422.49
426.84
438.21
449.18
459.92
470.55
481.13
491.70
502.31
512.97
523.70
534.51
545.43
556.44
567.57
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
1000 kPa (39.37◦ C)
1.7150
1.7446
1.7768
1.8076
1.8373
1.8662
1.8943
1.9218
1.9487
1.9753
2.0014
2.0271
2.0525
2.0775
2.1023
2.1268
0.02038
0.02047
0.02185
0.02311
0.02429
0.02542
0.02650
0.02754
0.02856
0.02956
0.03053
0.03150
0.03244
0.03338
0.03431
0.03523
1200 kPa (46.31◦ C)
Sat.
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
u
(kJ/kg)
399.16
399.78
409.39
418.78
428.05
437.29
446.53
455.82
465.18
474.62
484.16
493.81
503.57
513.46
523.46
533.60
419.54
420.25
431.24
441.89
452.34
462.70
473.03
483.36
493.74
504.17
514.69
525.30
536.02
546.84
557.77
568.83
1.7125
1.7148
1.7494
1.7818
1.8127
1.8425
1.8713
1.8994
1.9268
1.9537
1.9801
2.0061
2.0318
2.0570
2.0820
2.1067
1400 kPa (52.42◦ C)
1.7102
1.7237
1.7584
1.7908
1.8217
1.8514
1.8801
1.9081
1.9354
1.9621
1.9884
2.0143
2.0398
2.0649
2.0898
0.01414
—
0.01503
0.01608
0.01704
0.01793
0.01878
0.01958
0.02036
0.02112
0.02186
0.02258
0.02329
0.02399
0.02468
404.98
—
413.03
423.20
433.09
442.83
452.50
462.17
471.87
481.63
491.46
501.37
511.39
521.51
531.75
424.78
—
434.08
445.72
456.94
467.93
478.79
489.59
500.38
511.19
522.05
532.98
543.99
555.10
566.30
1.7077
—
1.7360
1.7704
1.8026
1.8333
1.8628
1.8914
1.9192
1.9463
1.9730
1.9991
2.0248
2.0502
2.0752
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
815
TABLE B.5.2 (continued )
Superheated R-134a
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg )
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
1600 kPa (57.90◦ C)
Sat.
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
0.01215
0.01239
0.01345
0.01438
0.01522
0.01601
0.01676
0.01748
0.01817
0.01884
0.01949
0.02013
0.02076
0.02138
407.11
409.49
420.37
430.72
440.79
450.71
460.57
470.42
480.30
490.23
500.24
510.33
520.52
530.81
426.54
429.32
441.89
453.72
465.15
476.33
487.39
498.39
509.37
520.38
531.43
542.54
553.73
565.02
0.00528
0.00575
0.00665
0.00734
0.00792
0.00845
0.00893
0.00937
0.00980
0.01021
0.01060
411.83
418.93
433.77
446.48
458.27
469.58
480.61
491.49
502.30
513.09
523.89
427.67
436.19
453.73
468.50
482.04
494.91
507.39
519.62
531.70
543.71
555.69
1.7051
1.7135
1.7507
1.7847
1.8166
1.8469
1.8762
1.9045
1.9321
1.9591
1.9855
2.0115
2.0370
2.0622
0.00930
—
0.00958
0.01055
0.01137
0.01211
0.01279
0.01342
0.01403
0.01461
0.01517
0.01571
0.01624
0.01676
0.001059
0.001150
0.001307
0.001698
0.002396
0.002985
0.003439
0.003814
0.004141
0.004435
328.34
346.71
368.06
396.59
426.81
448.34
465.19
479.89
493.45
506.35
334.70
353.61
375.90
406.78
441.18
466.25
485.82
502.77
518.30
532.96
s
(kJ/kg-K)
410.15
—
413.37
425.20
436.20
446.78
457.12
467.34
477.51
487.68
497.89
508.15
518.48
528.89
428.75
—
432.53
446.30
458.95
471.00
482.69
494.19
505.57
516.90
528.22
539.57
550.96
562.42
1.6991
—
1.7101
1.7497
1.7850
1.8177
1.8487
1.8783
1.9069
1.9346
1.9617
1.9882
2.0142
2.0398
4000 kPa (100.33◦ C)
1.6759
1.6995
1.7472
1.7862
1.8211
1.8535
1.8840
1.9133
1.9415
1.9689
1.9956
0.00252
—
—
0.00428
0.00500
0.00556
0.00603
0.00644
0.00683
0.00718
0.00752
6000 kPa
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
h
(kJ/kg)
2000 kPa (67.48◦ C)
3000 kPa (86.20◦ C)
Sat.
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
u
(kJ/kg)
394.86
—
—
429.74
445.97
459.63
472.19
484.15
495.77
507.19
518.51
404.94
—
—
446.84
465.99
481.87
496.29
509.92
523.07
535.92
548.57
1.6036
—
—
1.7148
1.7642
1.8040
1.8394
1.8720
1.9027
1.9320
1.9603
l0000 kPa
1.4081
1.4595
1.5184
1.5979
1.6843
1.7458
1.7926
1.8322
1.8676
1.9004
0.000991
0.001040
0.001100
0.001175
0.001272
0.001400
0.001564
0.001758
0.001965
0.002172
320.72
336.45
352.74
369.69
387.44
405.97
424.99
443.77
461.65
478.40
330.62
346.85
363.73
381.44
400.16
419.98
440.63
461.34
481.30
500.12
2nd Confirming Pages
1.3856
1.4297
1.4744
1.5200
1.5670
1.6155
1.6649
1.7133
1.7589
1.8009
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
816
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.6
Thermodynamic Properties of Nitrogen
TABLE B.6.1
Saturated Nitrogen
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Temp.
(K)
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
vf
Evap.
u fg
Sat. Vapor
vg
Sat. Liquid
uf
Evap.
u fg
Sat. Vapor
ug
63.1
65
70
75
77.3
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
126.2
12.5
17.4
38.6
76.1
101.3
137.0
229.1
360.8
541.1
779.2
1084.6
1467.6
1939.3
2513.0
3208.0
3397.8
0.001150
0.001160
0.001191
0.001223
0.001240
0.001259
0.001299
0.001343
0.001393
0.001452
0.001522
0.001610
0.001729
0.001915
0.002355
0.003194
1.48074
1.09231
0.52513
0.28052
0.21515
0.16249
0.10018
0.06477
0.04337
0.02975
0.02066
0.01434
0.00971
0.00608
0.00254
0
1.48189
1.09347
0.52632
0.28174
0.21639
0.16375
0.10148
0.06611
0.04476
0.03120
0.02218
0.01595
0.01144
0.00799
0.00490
0.00319
−150.92
−147.19
−137.13
−127.04
−122.27
−116.86
−106.55
−96.06
−85.35
−74.33
−62.89
−50.81
−37.66
−22.42
−0.83
18.94
196.86
194.37
187.54
180.47
177.04
173.06
165.20
156.76
147.60
137.50
126.18
113.11
97.36
76.63
40.73
0
45.94
47.17
50.40
53.43
54.76
56.20
58.65
60.70
62.25
63.17
63.29
62.31
59.70
54.21
39.90
18.94
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Temp.
(K)
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
hf
Evap.
h fg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
Evap.
s fg
Sat. Vapor
sg
63.1
65
70
75
77.3
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
126.2
12.5
17.4
38.6
76.1
101.3
137.0
229.1
360.8
541.1
779.2
1084.6
1467.6
1939.3
2513.0
3208.0
3397.8
−150.91
−147.17
−137.09
−126.95
−122.15
−116.69
−106.25
−95.58
−84.59
−73.20
−61.24
−48.45
−34.31
−17.61
6.73
29.79
215.39
213.38
207.79
201.82
198.84
195.32
188.15
180.13
171.07
160.68
148.59
134.15
116.19
91.91
48.88
0
64.48
66.21
70.70
74.87
76.69
78.63
81.90
84.55
86.47
87.48
87.35
85.71
81.88
74.30
55.60
29.79
2.4234
2.4816
2.6307
2.7700
2.8326
2.9014
3.0266
3.1466
3.2627
3.3761
3.4883
3.6017
3.7204
3.8536
4.0399
4.2193
3.4109
3.2828
2.9684
2.6909
2.5707
2.4415
2.2135
2.0015
1.8007
1.6068
1.4151
1.2196
1.0104
0.7659
0.3910
0
5.8343
5.7645
5.5991
5.4609
5.4033
5.3429
5.2401
5.1480
5.0634
4.9829
4.9034
4.8213
4.7307
4.6195
4.4309
4.2193
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
817
TABLE B.6.2
Superheated Nitrogen
Temp.
(K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
100 kPa (77.24 K)
Sat.
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0.21903
0.29103
0.35208
0.41253
0.47263
0.53254
0.59231
0.65199
0.71161
0.77118
0.83072
0.89023
1.03891
1.18752
1.33607
1.48458
1.78154
2.07845
2.37532
2.67217
2.96900
54.70
72.84
87.94
102.95
117.91
132.83
147.74
162.63
177.51
192.39
207.26
222.14
259.35
296.66
334.16
371.95
448.79
527.74
609.07
692.79
778.78
76.61
101.94
123.15
144.20
165.17
186.09
206.97
227.83
248.67
269.51
290.33
311.16
363.24
415.41
467.77
520.41
626.94
735.58
846.60
960.01
1075.68
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
200 kPa (83.62 K)
5.4059
5.6944
5.8878
6.0501
6.1901
6.3132
6.4232
6.5227
6.6133
6.6967
6.7739
6.8457
7.0063
7.1456
7.2690
7.3799
7.5741
7.7415
7.8897
8.0232
8.1451
0.11520
0.14252
0.17397
0.20476
0.23519
0.26542
0.29551
0.32552
0.35546
0.38535
0.41520
0.44503
0.51952
0.59392
0.66827
0.74258
0.89114
1.03965
1.18812
1.33657
1.48501
58.01
71.73
87.14
102.33
117.40
132.41
147.37
162.31
177.23
192.14
207.04
221.93
259.18
296.52
334.04
371.85
448.71
527.68
609.02
692.75
778.74
81.05
100.24
121.93
143.28
164.44
185.49
206.48
227.41
248.32
269.21
290.08
310.94
363.09
415.31
467.70
520.37
626.94
735.61
846.64
960.07
1075.75
2nd Confirming Pages
5.2673
5.4775
5.6753
5.8399
5.9812
6.1052
6.2157
6.3155
6.4064
6.4900
6.5674
6.6393
6.8001
6.9396
7.0630
7.1740
7.3682
7.5357
7.6839
7.8175
7.9393
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
818
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.6.2 (continued )
Superheated Nitrogen
Temp.
(K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
400 kPa (91.22 K)
Sat.
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0.05992
0.06806
0.08486
0.10085
0.11647
0.13186
0.14712
0.16228
0.17738
0.19243
0.20745
0.22244
0.25982
0.29712
0.33437
0.37159
0.44595
0.52025
0.59453
0.66878
0.74302
61.13
69.30
85.48
101.06
116.38
131.55
146.64
161.68
176.67
191.64
206.58
221.52
258.85
296.25
333.81
371.65
448.55
527.55
608.92
692.67
778.68
85.10
96.52
119.42
141.40
162.96
184.30
205.49
226.59
247.62
268.61
289.56
310.50
362.78
415.10
467.56
520.28
626.93
735.65
846.73
960.19
1075.89
0.03038
0.04017
0.04886
0.05710
0.06509
0.07293
0.08067
0.08835
0.09599
0.10358
0.11115
0.12998
0.14873
0.18609
0.22335
0.26056
0.29773
0.33488
0.37202
63.21
81.88
98.41
114.28
129.82
145.17
160.40
175.54
190.63
205.68
220.70
258.19
295.69
371.25
448.24
527.31
608.73
692.52
778.55
87.52
114.02
137.50
159.95
181.89
203.51
224.94
246.23
267.42
288.54
309.62
362.17
414.68
520.12
626.93
735.76
846.91
960.42
1076.16
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
600 kPa (96.37 K)
5.1268
5.2466
5.4556
5.6250
5.7690
5.8947
6.0063
6.1069
6.1984
6.2824
6.3600
6.4322
6.5934
6.7331
6.8567
6.9678
7.1622
7.3298
7.4781
7.6117
7.7335
0.04046
0.04299
0.05510
0.06620
0.07689
0.08734
0.09766
0.10788
0.11803
0.12813
0.13820
0.14824
0.17326
0.19819
0.22308
0.24792
0.29755
0.34712
0.39666
0.44618
0.49568
800 kPa (100.38 K)
Sat.
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
u
(kJ/kg)
62.57
66.41
83.73
99.75
115.34
130.69
145.91
161.04
176.11
191.13
206.13
221.11
258.52
295.97
333.57
371.45
448.40
527.43
608.82
692.59
778.61
86.85
92.20
116.79
139.47
161.47
183.10
204.50
225.76
246.92
268.01
289.05
310.06
362.48
414.89
467.42
520.20
626.93
735.70
846.82
960.30
1076.02
5.0411
5.0957
5.3204
5.4953
5.6422
5.7696
5.8823
5.9837
6.0757
6.1601
6.2381
6.3105
6.4722
6.6121
6.7359
6.8471
7.0416
7.2093
7.3576
7.4912
7.6131
1000 kPa (103.73 K)
4.9768
5.2191
5.4002
5.5501
5.6793
5.7933
5.8954
5.9880
6.0728
6.1511
6.2238
6.3858
6.5260
6.7613
6.9560
7.1237
7.2721
7.4058
7.5277
0.02416
0.03117
0.03845
0.04522
0.05173
0.05809
0.06436
0.07055
0.07670
0.08281
0.08889
0.10401
0.11905
0.14899
0.17883
0.20862
0.23837
0.26810
0.29782
63.35
79.91
97.02
113.20
128.94
144.43
159.76
174.98
190.13
205.23
220.29
257.86
295.42
371.04
448.09
527.19
608.63
692.44
778.49
87.51
111.08
135.47
158.42
180.67
202.52
224.11
245.53
266.83
288.04
309.18
361.87
414.47
520.04
626.92
735.81
847.00
960.54
1076.30
4.9237
5.1357
5.3239
5.4772
5.6082
5.7234
5.8263
5.9194
6.0047
6.0833
6.1562
6.3187
6.4591
6.6947
6.8895
7.0573
7.2057
7.3394
7.4614
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
819
TABLE B.6.2 (continued )
Superheated Nitrogen
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
1500 kPa (110.38 K)
Sat.
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0.01555
0.01899
0.02452
0.02937
0.03393
0.03832
0.04260
0.04682
0.05099
0.05512
0.05922
0.06940
0.07949
0.08953
0.09953
0.11948
0.13937
0.15923
0.17906
0.19889
62.17
74.26
93.36
110.44
126.71
142.56
158.14
173.57
188.87
204.10
219.27
257.03
294.73
332.53
370.54
447.71
526.89
608.39
692.24
778.32
85.51
102.75
130.15
154.50
177.60
200.03
222.05
243.80
265.36
286.78
308.10
361.13
413.96
466.82
519.84
626.92
735.94
847.22
960.83
1076.65
u
(kJ/kg)
0.00582
0.01038
0.01350
0.01614
0.01857
0.02088
0.02312
0.02531
0.02746
0.02958
0.03480
0.03993
0.05008
0.06013
0.07012
0.08008
0.09003
0.09996
46.03
79.98
101.35
119.68
136.78
153.24
169.30
185.10
200.72
216.21
254.57
292.70
369.06
446.57
525.99
607.67
691.65
777.85
63.47
111.13
141.85
168.09
192.49
215.88
238.66
261.02
283.09
304.94
358.96
412.50
519.29
626.95
736.35
847.92
961.73
1077.72
s
(kJ/kg-K)
2000 kPa (115.58 K)
4.8148
4.9650
5.1767
5.3394
5.4755
5.5937
5.6987
5.7933
5.8796
5.9590
6.0325
6.1960
6.3371
6.4616
6.5733
6.7685
6.9365
7.0851
7.2189
7.3409
0.01100
0.01260
0.01752
0.02144
0.02503
0.02844
0.03174
0.03496
0.03814
0.04128
0.04440
0.05209
0.05971
0.06727
0.07480
0.08980
0.10474
0.11965
0.13454
0.14942
59.25
66.90
89.37
107.55
124.42
140.66
156.52
172.15
187.62
202.97
218.24
256.21
294.05
331.95
370.05
447.33
526.59
608.14
692.04
778.16
3000 kPa (123.61 K)
Sat.
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
h
(kJ/kg)
81.25
92.10
124.40
150.43
174.48
197.53
219.99
242.08
263.90
285.53
307.03
360.39
413.47
466.49
519.65
626.93
736.07
847.45
961.13
1077.01
4.7193
4.8116
5.0618
5.2358
5.3775
5.4989
5.6060
5.7021
5.7894
5.8696
5.9438
6.1083
6.2500
6.3750
6.4870
6.6825
6.8507
6.9994
7.1333
7.2553
10000 kPa
4.5032
4.8706
5.0763
5.2310
5.3596
5.4711
5.5702
5.6597
5.7414
5.8168
5.9834
6.1264
6.3647
6.5609
6.7295
6.8785
7.0125
7.1347
—
0.00200
0.00291
0.00402
0.00501
0.00590
0.00672
0.00749
0.00824
0.00895
0.01067
0.01232
0.01551
0.01861
0.02167
0.02470
0.02771
0.03072
—
0.84
47.44
82.44
108.21
129.86
149.42
167.77
185.34
202.38
243.57
283.59
362.42
441.47
521.96
604.42
689.02
775.68
—
20.87
76.52
122.65
158.35
188.88
216.64
242.72
267.69
291.90
350.26
406.79
517.48
627.58
738.65
851.43
966.15
1082.84
2nd Confirming Pages
—
4.0373
4.4088
4.6813
4.8697
5.0153
5.1362
5.2406
5.3331
5.4167
5.5967
5.7477
5.9948
6.1955
6.3667
6.5172
6.6523
6.7753
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
820
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.7
Thermodynamic Properties of Methane
TABLE B.7.1
Saturated Methane
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Temp. (K)
P (kPa)
vf
vfg
vg
uf
ufg
ug
90.7
95
100
105
110
111.7
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
190.6
11.7
19.8
34.4
56.4
88.2
101.3
132.3
191.6
269.0
367.6
490.7
641.6
823.7
1040.5
1295.6
1592.8
1935.9
2329.3
2777.6
3286.4
3863.2
4520.5
4599.2
0.002215
0.002243
0.002278
0.002315
0.002353
0.002367
0.002395
0.002439
0.002486
0.002537
0.002592
0.002653
0.002719
0.002794
0.002877
0.002974
0.003086
0.003222
0.003393
0.003623
0.003977
0.004968
0.006148
3.97941
2.44845
1.47657
0.93780
0.62208
0.54760
0.42800
0.30367
0.22108
0.16448
0.12458
0.09575
0.07445
0.05839
0.04605
0.03638
0.02868
0.02241
0.01718
0.01266
0.00846
0.00300
0
3.98163
2.45069
1.47885
0.94012
0.62443
0.54997
0.43040
0.30610
0.22357
0.16701
0.12717
0.09841
0.07717
0.06118
0.04892
0.03936
0.03177
0.02563
0.02058
0.01629
0.01243
0.00797
0.00615
−358.10
−343.79
−326.90
−309.79
−292.50
−286.74
−275.05
−257.45
−239.66
−221.65
−203.40
−184.86
−165.97
−146.65
−126.82
−106.35
−85.06
−62.67
−38.75
−12.43
18.47
69.10
101.46
496.59
488.62
478.96
468.89
458.41
454.85
447.48
436.02
423.97
411.25
397.77
383.42
368.06
351.53
333.61
314.01
292.30
267.81
239.47
205.16
159.49
67.01
0
138.49
144.83
152.06
159.11
165.91
168.10
172.42
178.57
184.32
189.60
194.37
198.56
202.09
204.88
206.79
207.66
207.24
205.14
200.72
192.73
177.96
136.11
101.46
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
821
TABLE B.7.1 (continued )
Saturated Methane
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Temp. (K)
P (kPa)
hf
hfg
hg
sf
sfg
sg
90.7
95
100
105
110
111.7
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
190.6
11.7
19.8
34.4
56.4
88.2
101.3
132.3
191.6
269.0
367.6
490.7
641.6
823.7
1040.5
1295.6
1592.8
1935.9
2329.3
2777.6
3286.4
3863.2
4520.5
4599.2
−358.07
−343.75
−326.83
−309.66
−292.29
−286.50
−274.74
−256.98
−238.99
−220.72
−202.13
−183.16
−163.73
−143.74
−123.09
−101.61
−79.08
−55.17
−29.33
−0.53
33.83
91.56
129.74
543.12
537.18
529.77
521.82
513.29
510.33
504.12
494.20
483.44
471.72
458.90
444.85
429.38
412.29
393.27
371.96
347.82
320.02
287.20
246.77
192.16
80.58
0
185.05
193.43
202.94
212.16
221.00
223.83
229.38
237.23
244.45
251.00
256.77
261.69
265.66
268.54
270.18
270.35
268.74
264.85
257.87
246.25
226.00
172.14
129.74
4.2264
4.3805
4.5538
4.7208
4.8817
4.9336
5.0368
5.1867
5.3321
5.4734
5.6113
5.7464
5.8794
6.0108
6.1415
6.2724
6.4046
6.5399
6.6811
6.8333
7.0095
7.3015
7.4999
5.9891
5.6545
5.2977
4.9697
4.6663
4.5706
4.3836
4.1184
3.8675
3.6286
3.3993
3.1775
2.9613
2.7486
2.5372
2.3248
2.1080
1.8824
1.6411
1.3710
1.0387
0.4241
0
10.2155
10.0350
9.8514
9.6905
9.5480
9.5042
9.4205
9.3051
9.1996
9.1020
9.0106
8.9239
8.8406
8.7594
8.6787
8.5971
8.5126
8.4224
8.3223
8.2043
8.0483
7.7256
7.4999
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
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P2: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
822
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.7.2
Superheated Methane
Temp.
(K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
100 kPa (111.50K)
Sat.
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
0.55665
0.63126
0.76586
0.89840
1.02994
1.16092
1.29154
1.42193
1.55215
1.68225
1.81226
1.94220
2.07209
2.20193
167.90
190.21
230.18
269.72
309.20
348.90
389.12
430.17
472.36
516.00
561.34
608.58
657.89
709.36
223.56
253.33
306.77
359.56
412.19
464.99
518.27
572.36
627.58
684.23
742.57
802.80
865.10
929.55
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
200 kPa (120.61 K)
9.5084
9.7606
10.1504
10.4759
10.7570
11.0058
11.2303
11.4365
11.6286
11.8100
11.9829
12.1491
12.3099
12.4661
0.29422
0.30695
0.37700
0.44486
0.51165
0.57786
0.64370
0.70931
0.77475
0.84008
0.90530
0.97046
1.03557
1.10062
179.30
186.80
227.91
268.05
307.88
347.81
388.19
429.36
471.65
515.37
560.77
608.07
657.41
708.92
238.14
248.19
303.31
357.02
410.21
463.38
516.93
571.22
626.60
683.38
741.83
802.16
864.53
929.05
9.2918
9.3736
9.7759
10.1071
10.3912
10.6417
10.8674
11.0743
11.2670
11.4488
11.6220
11.7885
11.9495
12.1059
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appb
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
823
TABLE B.7.2 (continued )
Superheated Methane
Temp.
(K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
400 kPa (131.42 K)
Sat.
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
475
500
525
0.15427
0.18233
0.21799
0.25246
0.28631
0.31978
0.35301
0.38606
0.41899
0.45183
0.48460
0.51731
0.54997
0.58260
0.61520
0.64778
0.68033
191.01
223.16
264.61
305.19
345.61
386.32
427.74
470.23
514.10
559.63
607.03
656.47
708.05
761.85
817.89
876.18
936.67
252.72
296.09
351.81
406.18
460.13
514.23
568.94
624.65
681.69
740.36
800.87
863.39
928.04
994.89
1063.97
1135.29
1208.81
0.07941
0.08434
0.10433
0.12278
0.14050
0.15781
0.17485
0.19172
0.20845
0.22510
0.24167
0.25818
0.27465
0.29109
0.30749
0.32387
0.34023
0.35657
201.70
212.53
257.30
299.62
341.10
382.53
424.47
467.36
511.55
557.33
604.95
654.57
706.31
760.24
816.40
874.79
935.38
998.14
265.23
280.00
340.76
397.85
453.50
508.78
564.35
620.73
678.31
737.41
798.28
861.12
926.03
993.11
1062.40
1133.89
1207.56
1283.45
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
600 kPa (138.72 K)
9.0754
9.3843
9.7280
10.0185
10.2726
10.5007
10.7092
10.9031
11.0857
11.2595
11.4265
11.5879
11.7446
11.8974
12.0468
12.1931
12.3366
0.10496
0.11717
0.14227
0.16603
0.18911
0.21180
0.23424
0.25650
0.27863
0.30067
0.32264
0.34456
0.36643
0.38826
0.41006
0.43184
0.45360
800 kPa (144.40 K)
Sat.
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
475
500
525
550
u
(kJ/kg)
197.54
218.08
261.03
302.44
343.37
384.44
426.11
468.80
512.82
558.48
605.99
655.52
707.18
761.05
817.15
875.48
936.03
260.51
288.38
346.39
402.06
456.84
511.52
566.66
622.69
680.00
738.88
799.57
862.25
927.04
994.00
1063.18
1134.59
1208.18
8.9458
9.1390
9.4970
9.7944
10.0525
10.2830
10.4931
10.6882
10.8716
11.0461
11.2136
11.3754
11.5324
11.6855
11.8351
11.9816
12.1252
1000 kPa (149.13 K)
8.8505
8.9509
9.3260
9.6310
9.8932
10.1262
10.3381
10.5343
10.7186
10.8938
11.0617
11.2239
11.3813
11.5346
11.6845
11.8311
11.9749
12.1161
0.06367
0.06434
0.08149
0.09681
0.11132
0.12541
0.13922
0.15285
0.16635
0.17976
0.19309
0.20636
0.21959
0.23279
0.24595
0.25909
0.27221
0.28531
204.45
206.28
253.38
296.73
338.79
380.61
422.82
465.91
510.26
556.18
603.91
653.62
705.44
759.44
815.66
874.10
934.73
997.53
268.12
270.62
334.87
393.53
450.11
506.01
562.04
618.76
676.61
735.94
797.00
859.98
925.03
992.23
1061.61
1133.19
1206.95
1282.84
2nd Confirming Pages
8.7735
8.7902
9.1871
9.5006
9.7672
10.0028
10.2164
10.4138
10.5990
10.7748
10.9433
11.1059
11.2636
11.4172
11.5672
11.7141
11.8580
11.9992
20:47
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GTBL057-appb
824
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.7.2 (continued )
Superheated Methane
Temp.
(◦ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
1500 kPa (158.52 K)
Sat.
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
475
500
525
550
0.04196
0.05078
0.06209
0.07239
0.08220
0.09171
0.10103
0.11022
0.11931
0.12832
0.13728
0.14619
0.15506
0.16391
0.17273
0.18152
0.19031
207.53
242.64
289.13
332.85
375.70
418.65
462.27
507.04
553.30
601.30
651.24
703.26
757.43
813.80
872.37
933.12
996.02
270.47
318.81
382.26
441.44
499.00
556.21
613.82
672.37
732.26
793.78
857.16
922.54
990.02
1059.66
1131.46
1205.41
1281.48
0.01160
0.01763
0.02347
0.02814
0.03235
0.03631
0.04011
0.04381
0.04742
0.05097
0.05448
0.05795
0.06139
0.06481
0.06820
0.07158
0.07495
172.96
237.70
298.52
349.08
396.67
443.48
490.62
538.70
588.18
639.34
692.38
747.43
804.55
863.78
925.11
988.53
1053.98
219.34
308.23
392.39
461.63
526.07
588.73
651.07
713.93
777.86
843.24
910.31
979.23
1050.12
1123.01
1197.93
1274.86
1353.77
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
2000 kPa (165.86 K)
8.6215
8.9121
9.2514
9.5303
9.7730
9.9911
10.1916
10.3790
10.5565
10.7263
10.8899
11.0484
11.2027
11.3532
11.5005
11.6448
11.7864
0.03062
0.03504
0.04463
0.05289
0.06059
0.06796
0.07513
0.08216
0.08909
0.09594
0.10274
0.10949
0.11620
0.12289
0.12955
0.13619
0.14281
4000 kPa (186.10 K)
Sat.
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
475
500
525
550
575
u
(kJ/kg)
207.01
229.90
280.91
326.64
370.67
414.40
458.59
503.80
550.40
598.69
648.87
701.08
755.43
811.94
870.64
931.51
994.51
268.25
299.97
370.17
432.43
491.84
550.31
608.85
668.12
728.58
790.57
854.34
920.06
987.84
1057.72
1129.74
1203.88
1280.13
8.4975
8.6839
9.0596
9.3532
9.6036
9.8266
10.0303
10.2200
10.3992
10.5703
10.7349
10.8942
11.0491
11.2003
11.3480
11.4927
11.6346
8000 kPa
8.0035
8.4675
8.8653
9.1574
9.4031
9.6212
9.8208
10.0071
10.1835
10.3523
10.5149
10.6725
10.8258
10.9753
11.1215
11.2646
11.4049
0.00412
0.00846
0.01198
0.01469
0.01705
0.01924
0.02130
0.02328
0.02520
0.02707
0.02891
0.03072
0.03251
0.03428
0.03603
0.03776
55.58
217.30
298.05
357.88
411.71
463.52
515.02
567.12
620.38
675.14
731.63
789.99
850.28
912.54
976.77
1042.96
88.54
284.98
393.92
475.39
548.15
617.40
685.39
753.34
821.95
891.71
962.92
1035.75
1110.34
1186.74
1264.99
1345.07
7.2069
8.1344
8.5954
8.9064
9.1598
9.3815
9.5831
9.7706
9.9477
10.1169
10.2796
10.4372
10.5902
10.7393
10.8849
11.0272
2nd Confirming Pages
20:47
P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appd
P2: PBY/PBR
QC: PBY/PBR
T1: PBY
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
June 2, 2008
APPENDIX D EQUATIONS OF STATE
FIGURE D.1 Lee–Kesler simple fluid compressibility factor.
2nd Confirming Pages
829
20:49