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Construction Site Layout and Design
 Site Management is the day to day on site control
of a construction project.
 It is important to;
 Prepare the site for construction
 Keep with the time-scale of the budget
 Tackle any delays or problems
 Ensure quality and health & safety
 Coordinate communications between all parties
involved in the onsite development and the public
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Construction Site Layout and Design
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Construction Site Layout and Design
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Construction Site Layout and Design
 Site Communication ensures good;
 Information management
 Information distribution
 Plan utilisation
 Change management
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Construction Site Layout and Design
 Site Security and Safety
 To avoid losses of materials and plant through
theft and vandalism including careless behaviour
 To prevent fire on site
 To prevent injury and accidents
 To protect machinery and equipment (& property)
 To protect the public
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Construction Site Layout and Design
Construction Equipment Logistics ensures;
 Optimal use of material and construction work
capacity
 Optimal use of machinery and equipment
 Minimization or reduction of waste
 Minimization of material movement
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Construction Site Layout and Design
 Construction Site Layout
 Involves identifying, sizing and placing
temporary facilities within the boundaries of a
construction site.
 This temporary facilitates range from simple lay
down areas to warehouses, fabrication shops,
maintenance shops, batch plants, residence.
 Their areas are dependent on many factors
including project type, scale of project, design,
location and organisation of construction work.
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Construction site Layout and Design
 Site layout is to be carried in on efficient manner
 An essential element of this goal is the planning
of the site layout before the contract is started.
 (NB: No two sites are the same and perfect
solutions do not exist).
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Construction site Layout and Design
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Construction site Layout and Design
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Construction site Layout and Design
 Main items that must be considered in laying out
a new site may be listed as follows:
 Access to site and “on-site” roads
 Storage of materials
 Temporary buildings for contract staff and other
persons residents on site.
 Temporary services such as electricity, water etc.
 Fencing facilities
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Construction Site Layout and Design
 Failure to plan a site layout in advance is a
prime cause and increase in the overall cost
of the project.
 Materials stacks will be wrongly be located
 double or triple handling
 material may be far from work areas
 Plant and equipment wrongly located
 For examples, concrete mixer is inaccessible for
delivery of materials
 fixed cranes unable to reach all parts of works
 hoists with insufficient capacity or height.
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Construction Site Layout and Design
 Inadequate space allowed where inadequate space
for stocking of material or activities
 materials may be stocked on roads , causing hazards
 working areas may become too cramped or additional
areas may have to be allocated with the consequences
of time wastage.
 Site houses, may be located near noisy activities
 Noise machines, dusty conditions etc.
 Warehouses having inadequate space for loading and
offloading.
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Site Layout Planning Elements
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Site Layout Planning Elements
 A well planned site leads to:
 Increased productivity and Safety
 Reduction in areas needed for temporary construction
 Maximisation of utilities and elements needed to obtain
the above.
 Safety
 Fire preservation - fire is a major cause of damage to
construction sites.
 Medical services – on a construction project a first aid
kit is a must including PPE.
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Site Layout Planning Elements
 Site Accessibility
 Easy accessibility will keep the morale of the
equipment and vehicle drivers high, minimise
chances of accidents and reduction of time
wastage.
 Information signs
 Site map –should locate details of the project
 Traffic signs – traffic signs helping guidelines sites
on large projects and avoiding accidents.
 emergency
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Site Layout Planning Elements
 Security
 It is necessary to have a proper guard entrance to the site
and also important to keep track to all visitors to the
project.
 entrance
 lighting
 fencing
 Accommodation
 On large construction projects, it is necessary to provide
camp accommodation for all types of staff involved in a
project.
 Offices
 Offices should be on/close to the site and in a safe area. The
offices should be provided with proper office equipment.
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Site Layout Planning Elements
 Water supply and sanitation
 It is necessary to have water and toilet facilities on
site (statutory requirements)
 Material handling
 A third (⅓) or more of all cost operation can be
classified as material handling. Proper planning
will result in direct cost and time savings.
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Site Layout Planning Elements
Storage and site cleaning
 It is necessary to plan and reserve storage of
materials so that multiple movements are avoided.
e.g. lay-down areas.
 Lay-down areas- reserved for large materials and
equipment (this is for short term or long term).
 Warehouses - normally used for rainfall/moisture free
materials where they are stored until they have been
distributed to the job
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Site Layout Planning Elements
 Craft change houses – these provide shelter and space
for craft personnel.
 Batch plants and fabrication shops- are provided in
projects where its more economical to produce
concrete or do fabrication on site.
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Temporary Facilities Characteristics
 These entail or ensuring that the site meet the
following requirements;
 Satisfying environmental and safety
regulations
All temporary facilities should satisfy environmental
and safety regulations. Special attention should be
paid to temporary facilities like batch plants which
have high pollution potential.
 Availability of diverse solutions for the same
problem.
e.g. Rent a building near the site if there existing
facilities or plan ‘just-in- time’ delivery.
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Temporary Facilities Characteristics
 Relatively short time span for a specific location
 The life span of temp-facility depends on the duration of
the project. In general it must be removed as soon as the
project is completed.
 Reutilisation
 with a minimum loss for temporary facility or modified
function at another location
 Easy of assembly, dismantling
 Prefabricated modules are ideal for constructing
temporary facilities and they are usually easy to
assemble and dismantle.
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Temporary Facilities Characteristics
 Standardization of design
 This approach makes the maintenance of
transportation and storage of temporal facilities
easy.
 Standardization of design and construction of
temporary facilities can increase the frequency
of re-utilization and reduce the work-hours and
cost required for constructing the facilities.
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DESIGN:
Facility Identification and Sizing
Temporary Facilities Selection
One of the characteristics of temporary facilities is the
availability of diverse solutions. Considerations when
selecting the required temporary facilities for a specific
project are:
 Construction type:

The construction of an industrial plant, such as power
plant, requires more storage and fabrication area for
process mechanical and electrical work than other
projects such as a highway project.
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Facility Identification and Sizing
 Type of Contract


For example, in a turn-key contract, the contractor
can consolidate the administrative and construction
operations, means that fewer but larger and more
efficient temporary facilities can be selected.
For different contracts e.g. management contract, this
will translate into a higher number of smaller
temporary facilities serving each individual
contractor.
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Facility Identification and Sizing
 Project size:
A relatively small project can be managed from a
trailer or portable structure. While a five to ten year
project may need temporary facilities of a more
permanent nature.
 Project location:
 Projects located in uninhabited regions or in places
where skilled labor is scarce require additional
facilities for eating and living.
 Project far from industrial centers require on site
services such as batch plant, equipment maintenance
shops, long term storage area, and recreational
centers for the families.

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Facility Identification and Sizing
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Facility Identification and Sizing
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Facility Identification and Sizing
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Facility Identification and Sizing
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Facility Identification and Sizing
 Temporary Facilities Sizing
 Area estimates for temporary facilities
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Facility Identification and Sizing
 Temporary Facilities Sizing
 Range of office space requirements
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Facility Identification and Sizing
Based on experience, the following
general equation is used to determine the
material storage area for any type of
construction project and the parameters
that affect this equation.
 The total required storage area, An, is
calculated as follows:

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Facility Identification and Sizing
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Facility Identification and Sizing
Parameters for sizing material storage area
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Construction Site Map
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General Construction Site Plan
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General Construction Site Plan
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Construction Site Phase Plans
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Construction Site Phase Plans
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Detailed Operation Plan
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Construction Site Zones
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Changing rooms
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Thank you!
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