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Editor's Note Types of Classification of Research Methodology
Experiment Findings · October 2020
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Hamid Ghasemi
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Editor's Note
Types of Classification of Research Methodology
Hamid Ghasemi1
"Research methodology" emphasizes a general approach and "research methodology"
emphasizes the implementation path and procedures of data collection and analysis. Several
categories of research methodology can be identified as described in Table 1.
Table 1. Types of research methodology classification patterns
Row
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
11
11
12
13
14
Basis
Purpose
Duration
Operation Place
Time Oriented
Depth
Execution Logic
Items to Study
Data Collection
Strategy
Paradigm
Comparison Approach
Study Approach
Data Source
Researcher Participation
Basic
Cross-Sectional
Field Study
Past Oriented
Wide view
Exploratory
Population
Quantitative
Experimental
Positivism
Comparative study
Usual
Original
Individual
Types
Applied
Time Series
Document
Present Oriented
Deep down
Descriptive
Sample
Qualitative
Descriptive
Structuralism
Non-comparative study
Meta-study
Review
Group
Longitudinal
Laboratory
Future Oriented
Explanatory
Case Study
Mix
Qualitative
Pragmatism
Predictive
Mix
Crowdsourcing
Most researchers introduce their research methodology with several dimensions. The most
common are "Purpose", “Data Collection” and "Strategy". Purpose-based research emphasizes
the ultimate goal of research, including "creating a theory, discovering the unknown, meeting the
needs of human life, or solving organizational problems."
"Applied research" is done using the results of basic research in order to improve and perfect
the behaviors, methods, tools, products, structures and patterns used by human societies.
Research based on data collection includes "quantitative method or use of numerical
measurements", "qualitative method or collection of verbal data and their interpretation" and
"Mix or combination of quantitative and qualitative methods".
In classifying types of research based on "strategy and implementation path", each research
method is designed to answer some kind of question. This type of categorization is very
important and the researcher is expected to mention it in his / her research report. It is better to
introduce the research strategy and implementation path along. The main strategy in the
"experimental method" is the manipulation of the independent variable and the numerical
collection of data. This method can be implemented in three ways: "True experimental, semiexperimental and pre-experimental". In the "non-experimental and descriptive" method, the
strategy of collecting data without manipulating the variable is independent and numerical. This
method has several implementation paths such as "Causal-comparative, survey, content analysis,
meta-analysis, multi-criteria decision making (AHP & ANP), data mining and the like." The
1. Editor and Associate Professor of Payame Noor University
main strategy in the "qualitative method" is to collect data without manipulating the independent
variable and verbally. This method also has several implementation paths such as "grounded
theory, focus group, nominal group, discourse analysis, phenomenology, thematic analysis and
the like." The Mix strategy refers to data collection in both quantitative and qualitative ways,
with one of four paths: “Sequential explanatory”, “Sequential exploratory”, “Concurrent
triangulation” and “Concurrent embedded” will be applicable.
Research methodology and methods must be accurately introduced in each research report.
This introduction should clarify the path of work for other researchers. The reviewers of
manuscripts also pay attention to how to introduce the methodology and research method in their
evaluation. Proper selection and implementation of research method is one of the important
criteria in determining the quality of a suitable research.
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