Source: Guidelines on academic writing at University of Rwanda(2018,pp. 21-27)
Practice
Q: Based on the information and details below, produce the reference list using APA, Harvard
and MLA referencing systems.
1. A book entitled IMPROVING TEACHING AND LEARNING IN
HIGHER EDUCATION
A HANDBOOK FOR SOUTHERN AFRICA
was edited by PROFESSOR SINFREE MAKONI and published in JOHANNESBURG, RSA,
by WITWATERSRAND UNIVERSITY PRESS and HERDSA in the year 2000.
2. A report compiled by BENGT GUSTAFSSON, GÖRAN HERMERÉN and BO PETERSSON
in 2006 and entitled GOOD RESEARCH PRACTICE – WHAT IS IT? VIEWS, GUIDELINES
AND EXAMPLES. The report was published in STOCKHOLM by THE SWEDISH
RESEARCH COUNCIL.
3. A chapter in a book entitled THE SOCIOLINGUISTICS READER. The book was edited by
JENNY CHESHIRE and PETER TRUDGILL and published in LONDON by ARNOLD in
1998. The chapter bears this title: PRINCIPLES OF CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS. The
chapter was proposed by TEUN A. VAN DIJK and it runs from page 367 up to page 393.
4. An article proposed by PETER NTAMBARA, entitled NUR TO SET GRADUATION
RECORD and which appears in an online version of THE NEW TIMES daily newspaper, issue
No 13475 of March 20th, 2008. The article was posted on the website of THE NEW TIMES on
the same date and can be accessed from: http://www.newtimes.co.rw/index.php
5. A working document elaborated by the NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF RWANDA in 2007
and entitled STRATEGIC AND BUSINESS PLAN 2008-2012.
6. A book jointly written by JOHN BOWDEN and FERENCE MARTON and entitled
THE UNIVERSITY OF LEARNING
BEYOND QUALITY AND COMPETENCE.
The book was published in LONDON in 2004 by ROUTLEDGE.
7. A journal article proposed by IFAN D.H. SHEPHERD and entitled
WORK EXPERIENCE
WHO NEEDS IT?
The article appeared in 1998 in the JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHY IN HIGHER EDUCATION,
volume twenty-two, issue number one, from page 135 up to page 145.
8. A report published by the MINISTRY OF FINANCE AND ECONOMIC PLANNING
(GOVERNMENT OF RWANDA) in 2002, and entitled POVERTY PROFILE.
9. A mémoire written by CHRISPIN BASOMINGERA and entitled USING BLACKBOARD
DRAWINGS IN TEACHING ENGLISH IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS. The work was publicly
defended and then submitted to THE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF RWANDA, FACULTY
OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES, in May 2001.
10. An article proposed by WILSON TWAGIRA and which appeared in 2007 in IMVAHO
NSHYA bi-weekly newspaper, issue No 1729 on page 6. The full title of the article is: IREME
RY’UBUREZI MU RWANDA RIGIYE KUVUGURURWA.