Farhad Zargari,MD, PhD
drzargari@gmail.com
Leadership vs. Management
.
To Lead or to Manage,
that is the question…
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
 Leadership is creating a vision for others to
follow, establishing corporate values, and
transforming the way an organization does
business.
 Management is the carrying out of the leader’s
vision through:
POSDCORB
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POSDCORB
Planning
Budgeting
Organizing
Reporting
Staffing
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Directing
Coordinating
Leadership vs. Management
 Leaders determine the
direction, mission,
values…the future! Leaders
do the right things!
 Managers follow direction,
and do things right.
Dr. Zargari
Leadership & Management on
task :

Leader: Badly, we are going

Manager: Very well, our
in the wrong direction. (worry
about effectiveness)
advance is 50 meters per
hour, let’s try harder. (worry
about efficiency)
Leadership vs. Management
What & Why
Leaders
How & When
Managers
Leadership vs. Management
Successful Governance
Managerial Skills
Leadership Skills
Swing
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
Both
leadership and management are
essential elements of
organizational achievements.
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
• Leadership
and management
complement each other.
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
Leadership
is the art of accomplishing
more than the science of
management
says is possible.
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
Dr. Zargari
Managers have
Leaders have
Subordinates
Followers
Leadership vs. Management
Leadership’s primary function is to
produce CHANGE AND MOVEMENT
Management’s primary function is to
produce ORDER AND STABILITY
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
 Warren Bennis and
Burt Nanus:
“Managers are people who do things right,
and leaders are people who do the right thing.”
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
Managers
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Dr. Zargari
Plan and budget
Organize and staff
Status quo
Short-term
Controlling
Means
Builders
Leaders
• Envision and direct
• Align employees
• Change
• Long-term
• Inspiring/motivating
• Ends
• Architects
Leadership vs. Management
Dr. Zargari
Leaders
Shape and share a
vision for the future
Managers
Follow the vision
Leadership vs. Management
Leaders
Managers
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Are concerned with
doing the right things
Are concerned with
doing things right
Leadership vs. Management
Dr. Zargari
Leaders
Focus on visions, missions,
goals, and objectives
Managers
Focus solely on
productivity and efficiency
Leadership vs. Management
Dr. Zargari
Leaders
Achieves organizational
and follower goals
Managers
Achieves organizational goals
Leadership vs. Management
Dr. Zargari
Leaders
Are outcome oriented
Managers
Are process oriented
Leadership vs. Management
Dr. Zargari
Leaders
Are more concerned with
ends, what gets done
Managers
Are more concerned with
means, how to get things done
Leadership vs. Management
Dr. Zargari
Leaders
See themselves as promoters of change,
as challengers of the status quo in that
they encourage creativity and risk taking
Managers
See themselves as
preservers of the status quo
Leadership vs. Management
Dr. Zargari
Leaders
Authority derived
from follower acceptance
Managers
Authority derived
from formal position
Leadership vs. Management
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Leaders
Accountable to followers
Managers
Accountable to organization
Leadership vs. Management
Dr. Zargari
Leaders
Look at the big picture
Managers
Look at the job
Leadership vs. Management
Dr. Zargari
Leaders
Use broad concepts
Managers
Use rules
Leadership vs. Management
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Leaders
Are more concerned with
expanding
peoples' choices and options
Managers
Are concerned with
control
and limiting the choices of others
Leadership vs. Management
.
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
.
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
.
While leaders are different from
managers, in practice, organizations need them both.
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
Warren Bennis :
American organizations
(and probably those in much of the rest of
the industrialized world) are
underled and overmanaged.
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
Kotter, 1990 :
Organizations should
try to develop leader-managers.
Dr. Zargari
‫رهبري قلب و روح مديريت است‬
‫موالنا جالل الدین رومی‬