Chapter no: 1
Extraction of Oil from Flaxseeds
Introduction:
Flaxseed (often named linseed) is hailed from a plant named flax (Linum
usitatissimum), which belongs to the family of Linaceae plant. Flaxseed and linseed
oils ascend from flaxseed. Oil of Linseed is often used in manufacturing, although
oil of flaxseed is known as cast-off for nutrition. The flax plant is a single-stemmed,
trivial annual that consumes sky-blue flowers and greyish-green leaves and it grows
approximately 2 ft (0.6 m) tall. Flaxseed oil is consequential from the crinkled seeds
of flax plant, which seem typical and indistinguishable from the seeds of sesame but
are darker in colour. (1)
To extract the oil from flaxse, the enzyme-assisted three-phase partition system
(EATPP) is used. The entire technique without problems of two packages: the
enzymolysis process in which the linseau was hydrolyzed by an enzymatic solution
(the parameters of influence, such as the type and the concentration of enzyme,
temperature and pH, were optimized) and the three-phase partition (TPP), which
remained focused on the accumulation of salt and t-butanol to the raw linseed
suspension, which effect on the extraction of linseed oil in upper phase rich in
alcohol. The concentration of t-butanol, salt and temperature were optimized. The
extraction temperature of 35 ° C was obtained and 71.68% supreme extraction was
obtained. This process can be used EATPP to achieve high extraction yields and oil
quality, and therefore, it is potential for large-scale oil production. (2)
An aqueous enzymatic procedure which is assisted by ultrasound extraction (AEPUE) was useful for the extraction of oil after flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L). The
highest oil recovery of 69.1% was achieved when flaxseed was roasted for 16 hours
at 48 °C and pH 6.0 with 128 units of cellulase, pectinase and hemicellulase per
gram. EPA-EU oils use 1.3% highly unsaturated fatty acids. AEP-UE is an adhesive
procedure for mass production of linseed oil. (3)
The extraction rate and oil recovery capacity of deglycosylated flaxseed were
investigated. Flaxseed oil from dried flaxseed, particularly frozen flaxseed, had a
higher peroxide content and shorter induction time than the natural sample (1.8 h vs.
3.3 h). Finally, vacuum-dried flaxseed oil is limited to voluntary replenishment
protocols. (4)
Flax is an edible cooking oil rich in omega 3 fatty acids, while flax and lignans are
high in protein. Because of the low oxidation hardness of linseed oil, the extraction
technique is softer than the common cold pressed extraction today. (5)
They have a microwave effect before treating it for the extraction of the flexible oil
intentionally. Microwave processing is widely used, which improves oil efficiency
up to 75.1440%. The microwaves were examined before treatment, sample and fatty
acid regulation have been improved. (6)
Flaxseed oil contains flax fiber and lignans and has potential health benefits,
including: Flax protein prevents heat-related diseases and protects the immune
system. Linseed oil is added to cooked foods, juices, muffins, milk, dairy products,
sweets, dry pasta, macaroni and meat products. Flaxseed oil has many health benefits
for humans and animals, and flaxseed has many nutritional health benefits correlated
to human and animals, also flaxseed has rummage-sale in foodstuffs. (7)
Objectives:
To extract oil from flaxseeds.
To determine the composition of fatty acid in flaxseed oil.