TO FL A ME
P&ID
Reference Guide
Based on information from ANSI/ISA-5.1-2009 Instrumentation Symbols and Identification
R
PI
02
ESD
01
TC
03
TI
02
Watch the companion video on YouTube.com/KimrayInc
PIC
Rev. 01/2021
TI
01
PILOT
FUE L G A S
P& ID SA MPL E
PCV
02
TO FL AME
PCV
TI
01
TI
03
C O R RO S IO N
COUPON
8 8 ,9 m m O. D. G A S F RO M W E L L H E A D
C I RC U L AT I N G
OI L H E AT E R
ALCOHOL
S T O R AG E
C O R RO S IO N
INHIBITOR
TA N K
ESD
02
DI A P H R AG M
PUMP
ALCOHOL
PUMP
OI L
R E S E RVOI R
PI
02
P -1
P -2
WELL
HEAD
ESD
01
TC
01
FR
TC
02
P IC
TC
03
TI
02
TI
01
CHOKE
VA LV E
PI
01
PILOT
PCV
03
FUEL GAS
PCV
02
275 8 k Pa F U E L G A S
F RO M P L A N T
8 8 ,9 m m O. D. S O U R G A S
F RO M P L A N T
1
PCV
TI
01
P F D SA MPL E
C O O L I N G T OW E R
VAC U U M P U M P
P RO D U C T
TA N K 1
D RU M
F U R N AC E
F E E D TA N K
COLUMN
R E AC T O R S
B O T T O M S TA N K
B OI L E R
2
P RO D U C T
TA N K 2
TAG NUMBERS – L E T T ER SY MBOL S F OR DATA PROCE SSING F UNC T IONS
Symbol
Measured or Initiating Variable
Modifier
Readout or Passive Function
Output Function
Modifier
A
Analysis
Alarm
B
Burner, Combustion
User's Choice
User's Choice
User's Choice
C
User's Choice
D
User's Choice
E
Voltage
F
Flow Rate
G
User's Choice
H
Hand
I
Current (Electrical)
J
Power
Scan
K
Time, Time Schedule
Time Rate of Change
L
Level
M
User's Choice
N
User's Choice
User's Choice
O
User's Choice
Orifice, Restriction
P
Pressure, Vacuum
Point (Test) Connection
Q
Quantity
R
Radiation
S
Speed, Frequency
T
Temperature
U
Multivariable
V
Vibration, Mechanical Analysis
W
Weight, Force
X
Unclassified
X Axis
Y
Event, State or Presence
Y Axis
Relay, Compute, Convert
Z
Position, Dimension
Z Axis
Driver, Actuator, Unclassified Final Control Element
Control
Differential
Sensor (Primary Element)
Ratio (Fraction)
Glass, Viewing Device
High
Indicate
Control Station
Light
Low
Momentary
Middle, Intermediate
User's Choice
User's Choice
Integrate, Totalize
Record
Safety
Switch
Transmit
Multifunction
Multifunction
Multifunction
Valve, Damper, Louver
Well
Unclassified
Unclassified
Unclassified
A “ U s e r’s c h oi c e” let te r is u s e d fo r u nliste d m e a nin g s u s e d re p etitively in a p ro j e c t a n d will b e ex p lain e d o n t h e d ia g r a m o r s u p p o r tin g d o c u m e nt.
3
Watch the companion video on YouTube.com/KimrayInc and follow along at Kimray.com/Training-Demos
TAG NUMBERS – OIL & G A S INS T RUMEN T A BBRE V I AT IONS (Adapted From ISA Standard S5.1)
A
AC
AAH
AAHL
AAL
AS
ASDH
ASDL
ASH
ASHL
ASL
AT
BC
BAH
BAHL
BAL
BDV
BPR
BS
BSH
BSHL
BSL
BS&W
CCP
CDS
CFA
COR
CSC
CSO
CV
E/I
ES
ESD
ESDV
FAL
FAH
FAHH
FAHL
FALL
FC
FC
FCV
FE
FFA
FFSD
FG
FI
FIC
FIT
4
Analog Signal
Analysis Controller
Analysis Alarm [High]
Analysis Alarm [High/Low]
Analysis Alarm [Low]
Air Supply
Analysis Shutdown [High]
Analysis Shutdown [Low]
Analysis Switch [High]
Analysis Switch [High/Low]
Analysis Switch [Low]
Analysis Transmitter
Burner Controller
Burner Alarm [High]
Burner Alarm [High/Low]
Burner Alarm [Low]
Blowdown Valve
Back Pressure Regulator
Burner Switch
Burner Switch [High]
Burner Switch [High/Low]
Burner Switch [Low]
Basic Sediment and Water
Central Control Panel
Compressor Shutdown
Common Fault Alarm
Corrosimeter
Car Seal Close
Car Seal Open
Control Valve
EMF to Current Converter
Electrical Switch
Emergency Shutdown Station
Emergency Shutdown Valve
Flow Alarm Low
Flow Alarm High
Flow Alarm High For Level Above FAH
Flow Alarm [High/Low]
Flow Alarm Low For Level Below FAL
Flow Controller
Fail Close
Flow Control Valve
Flow Element
Flame Failure Alarm
Flame Failure Shutdown
Flow Gage/Flow Sight Glass
Flow Indicator
Flow Indicator Controller
Flow Indicator Transmitter
FO
FQ
FQI
FR
FRC
FRT
FS
FSDH
FSDL
FSH
FSL
FT
FY
GS
H
HMV
HOA
HS
I
I/F
I/I
I/P
I/PA
KI
LA
LAH
LAHH
LAHL
LAL
LALL
LC
LCV
LG
LI
LIC
LIT
LLH
LLL
LLN
LQ
LR
LS
LSDH
LSDL
LSH
LSHL
LSL
LSHH
Fial Open
Flow Indicator Totaliser
Flow Indicator with Total Counter
Flow Recorder
Flow Recorder Controller
Flow Recorder Transmitter
Flow Switch
Flow Shutdown [High]
Flow Shutdown [Low]
Flow Switch [High]
Flow Switch [Low]
Flow Transmitter
Computer, Relay, Amplifier or I/P
Converter in Flow Loop
Instrument Gas Supply
Hydraulic
Hydraulic Motor Operated Valve
Hand/Off/Auto Switch
Hand Switch
Current Signal
Interface
Current Indicator
Current to Pneumatic
Current to Pneumatic Alarm
Clock/Timer
Level Alarm
Level Alarm [High]
Level Alarm High for Level Above LAH
Level Alarm [High/Low]
Level Alarm [Low]
Level Alarm Low for Level Above LAL
Level Controller
Level Control Valve
Level Gauge
Level Indicator
Level Indicator Controller
Level Indicator Transmitter
Liquid Level [High]
Liquid Level [Low]
Liquid Level [Normal]
Lock Closed When by a manual Valve
Level Recorder
Level Switch
Level Shutdown [High]
Level Shutdown [Low]
Level Switch [High]
Level Switch [High/Low]
Level Switch [Low]
Level Switch High for Level Above LSH
LSLL
LT
LY
LO
MCC
MTU
NC
NO
P
PAH
PAHL
PAL
PB
PC
PCV
PD
PdA
PdAH
PdAL
PdI
PdIC
PdS
PdSH
PdSL
PG
P/I
PI
PIC
PIT
PJI
PJR
POV
PR
PRC
PRT
PRV
PSDH
PSDL
PSE
PSH
PSHH
PSHL
PSL
PSLL
PSV
PT
POS
PY
Level Switch Low for Level Below LSL
Level Transmitter
I/P Converter [Level Loop]
Lock Open
Motor Control Center
Master Terminal Unit
Normally Closed
Normally Open
Pneumatic Signal
Pressure Alarm [High]
Pressure Alarm [High/Low]
Pressure Alarm [Low]
Pushbutton
Pressure Controller
Pressure Control Valve
Pulsation Dampener
Pressure Differential Alarm
Pressure Differential Alarm [High]
Pressure Differential Alarm [Low]
Pressure Differential Indicator
Pressure Differential Indicator Controller
Pressure Differential Switch
Pressure Differential Switch [High]
Pressure Differential Switch [Low]
Pressure Gage
Pneumatic To Current Converter
Pressure Indicator
Pressure Indicator Controller
Pressure Indicator Transmitter
Multipoint Pressure Indicator
Multipoint Pressure Recorder
Pneumatically Operated Valve
Pressure Recorder
Pressure Recorder Controller
Pressure Recorder Transmitter
Pressure Regulating Valve
Pressure Shutdown [High]
Pressure Shutdown [Low]
Rupture Disk
Pressure Switch [High]
Pressure Switch High for Pressure Above PSH
Pressure Switch [High/Low]
Pressure Switch [Low]
Pressure Switch Low for Pressure Below PSL
Pressure Safety Valve
Pressure Transmitter
Positioner
Relay, Computer, Amplifier, Converter or
I/P Converter etc/ in Pressure Loop
RC
RTD
RTU
S
SAH
SAHL
SAL
SC
SD
SI
SR
SS
SSH
SSHL
SSL
TAH
TAHL
TAL
TC
TCV
TD
TE
TF
TH
TI
TIC
TIT
TJI
TR
TRC
TRT
TSDH
TSDL
TSH
TSHL
TSL
TT
TW
TY
US
VAH
VSDH
VSH
WS
X
ZC
ZO
Ratio Controller
Resistance Temperature Detector
Remote Terminal Unit
Solenoid
Speed Alarm [High]
Speed Alarm [High/Low]
Speed Alarm [Low]
Sample Connection
Shutdown Panel
Speed Indicator
Speed Recorder
Steam Supply
Speed Switch [High]
Speed Switch [High/Low]
Speed Switch [Low]
Temperature Alarm [High]
Temperature Alarm [High/Low]
Temperature Alarm [Low]
Temperature Controller
Temperature Control Valve
Time Delay
Temperature [Measuring] Element/Thermocouple
Temperature Gage
Thermostat
Temperature Indicator
Temperature Indicator Controller
Temperature Indicator Transmitter
Multipoint Temperature Indicator/Thermocouple
Temperature Recorder
Temperature Recorder Controller
Temperature Recorder Transmitter
Temperature Shutdown [High]
Temperature Shutdown [Low]
Temperature Switch [High]
Temperature Switch [High/Low]
Temperature Switch [Low]
Temperature Transmitter
Thermowell
Computer, Relay, Converter, etc. in Temp. Loop
Utility Station
Vibration Alarm [High]
Vibration Shutdown [High]
Vibration Switch [High]
Water Supply
Multiply
Position Switch [Closed]
Position Switch [Open]
TAG NUMBERS – L OOP NUMBER
The number below these letters is the numerator to help identify a specific component on a project
within the control loop. When there are multiples of the same device used in a diagram, this number
helps viewers to reference that specific instrument.
TI
01
TC
01
TC
02
If you were looking at a list of the controls, you could look at the control loop number to find that
specific device on the P&ID. Companies have different protocols for where these numbers originate.
SECOND TEMP. CONTROLLER
IN THE CONTROL LOOP
FIRST TEMP. CONTROLLER
IN THE CONTROL LOOP
TAG NUMBERS – INS T RUMEN T L OC AT ION
FIRST TEMP. INDICATOR
IN THE CONTROL LOOP
• Located in field
• Not panel, cabinet, or console mounted
• Visible at field location
• Normally operator accessible
• Located in or on front of central or main panel or console
• Visible on front of panel or on video display
• Normally operator accessible at panel front or console
• Located in rear of central or main panel
• Located in cabinet behind panel
• Not visible on front of panel or on video display
• Not normally operator accessible at panel or console
• Located in or on front of secondary or local panel or console
• Visible on front of panel or on video display
• Normally operator accessible at panel front or console
ME A SURED OR INI T I AT ING VA RI A BL E
MODIF IER
T IC
01
MODIF IER
RE ADOUT/PASSIVE FUNCTION, OUTPUT FUNCTION, MODIFIER
L OC AT ION INDIC AT OR
FIELD MOUNTED, PRIMARY LOCATION, AUXILIARY LOCATION
IDEN T IF Y ING NUMBER
• Located in rear of secondary or local panel
• Located in field cabinet
• Not visible on front of panel or on video display
• Not normally operator accessible at panel or console
These symbols may be supplemented with information on the
name of the local control room or the local control panel, just
outside the symbols, for example, COMPRESSOR, i.e., the local
control room or local control panel for a compressor.
5
NUMERATOR IDENTIFICATION WITHIN THE CONTROL LOOP
INS T RUMEN T SY MBOL
DISCRETE INSTRUMENTS, SHARED DISPL AY/CONTROL, ETC.
SY MBOL S – L INE T Y PE S
Piping (Major Projcess)
6
Connection to Process (Minor Process)
• Functional diagram continuously variable signal.
• Electrical schematic ladder diagram signal and power rails.
Undefined Signal
• Use for Process Flow Diagrams and diagrams where type of signal is not of concern
Pneumatic Signal
• Filled thermal element capillary tube.
• Filled sensing line between pressure seal and instrument.
Electric Signal
• Electronic or electrical continuously variable or binary signal.
• Functional diagram binary signal.
Hydraulic Signal
• Hydraulic Signal
Capillary Tube
• Filled thermal element capillary tube.
• Filled sensing line between pressure seal and instrument.
Electromagnetic or Sonic Signal (Guided)
• Guided electromagnetic signal / sonic signal.
• Fiber optic cable.
Electromagnetic or Sonic Signal (Not Guided)
• Unguided electromagnetic signals, light, radiation, radio, sound, wireless, etc.
• Wireless instrumentation signal / communication link.
Internal System Link (Software or Data Link)
• Communication link and system bus, between devices and functions of a shared display,
shared control system. (DCS, PLC, or PC communication link and system bus.)
Internal System Link (Software or Data Link)
• Communication link or bus connecting two or more independent microprocessor or
computer-based systems. (DCS-to-DCS, DCS-to-PLC, PLC-to-PC, DCS-to-Fieldbus, etc.)
Mechanical Link
• Mechanical Link
SY MBOL S – CON T ROL VA LV E S
1
a.
b.
2
12
Generic damper
Generic louver
Generic two-way angle valve
Angle globe valve
Safety angle valve
13
Parallel blade damper
Parallel blade louver
3
Generic three-way valve
Three-way globe valve
14
Opposed blade damper
Opposed blade louver
4
Generic four-way valve
Four-way four-ported plug or ball valve
15
Two-way on-off solenoid valve
5
Butterfly valve
16
Angle on-off solenoid valve
6
Ball valve
17
Three-way on-off solenoid valve
Arrow indicates de-energized flow path
7
Plug valve
18
Four-way plug or ball on-off solenoid valve
Arrows indicates de-energized flow paths
Arrow indicates failure or unactuated flow path
Arrows indicates failure or unactuated flow paths
Eccentric rotary disc valve
19
Four-way five-ported on-off solenoid valve
Arrows indicates de-energized flow paths
Diaphragm valve
20
Permanent magnet variable speed coupling
10
Pinch valve
21
11
Bellows sealed valve
8
9
7
Generic two-way valve
Straight globe valve
Gate valve
a.
b.
Electric motor
Represents a motor that manipulates
or controls a process variable.
Symbols 1-14,
when combined
with actuator
symbols 1-16,
represent process
control valves.
Symbol 2, when
combined with
actuator symbols
20 and 21,
represent pressure
safety valves.
Symbols 1 and 9,
users design
standards will
document which
symbols have been
selected.
Symbols 15-19,
when combined
with actuator
symbols 13-15,
represent on-off
solenoid valves.
Symbol 21, when
combined with
actuator symbols
1-16, represents a
variable speed
control unit.
SY MBOL S – AC T UAT ORS
1
Generic actuator
Spring-diaphragm actuator
12
Actuator with top-mounted handwheel
2
Spring-diaphragm actuator with positioner
13
Manual actuator
Hand actuator
3
Pressure-balanced diaphragm actuator
14
4
Linear piston actuator
Single acting spring opposed
Double acting.
15
5
Linear piston actuator with positioner
16
6
Rotary piston actuator
May be single acting spring opposed
or double acting
17
7
Rotary piston actuator with positioner
18
8
Bellows spring opposed actuator
19
Rotary motor operated actuator
Electric, pneumatic, or hydraulic
Linear or rotary action
20
Modulating solenoid actuator
Solenoid actuator for process on-off valve
21
9
10
11
8
M
S
Actuator with side-mounted handwheel
E
H
Electrohydraulic linear or rotary actuator
Actuator with manual actuated
partial stroke test device
S
Automatic reset on-off solenoid actuator
Non-latching on-off solenoid actuator
S
S
R
Manual or remote reset on-off solenoid actuator
Latching on-off solenoid actuator
R
Manual and remote reset on-off solenoid actuator
Latching on-off solenoid actuator
S
R
Actuator with remote actuated
partial stroke test device
Spring or weight actuated
relief or safety valve actuator
P
Pilot actuated relief or safety valve actuator
Pilot pressure sensing line deleted if sensing is internal
Symbols 1-16,
when combined
with element
symbols 1-14,
represent
process control
valves and with
element symbol 21
represents a
variable speed
control unit.
Symbols 17-19,
when combined
with element
symbols 15-19,
represent on-off
solenoid valves.
Symbols 20-21,
when combined
with element
symbol 2, represent
pressure safety
valves.
SY MBOL S – COMMON VA LV E SY MBOL S A ND COMBIN AT IONS
+
Combining control valve symbols with actuators symbols can yield a variety of results. Below are
some final control elements with actuators and a variety of other common instrument symbols.
GATE VALVES
Gate
Hand Operated
(Manual)
Pneumatic
(Diaphragm)
Globe
Valve
=
Hand
Actuator
Hand-Operated
Globe Valve
FAIL-SAFE
POSITION
M
H
Motor
Hydraulic
Pneumatic
(Rotary Piston)
Balance
Diaphragm
Pressure Regulator Back Pressure Regulator
Fail Closed
GLOBE VALVES
OTHER VALVES
H
M
S
Fail Open
Globe
Hand Operated
Pneumatic
Motor
ANGLE VALVES
Hydraulic
Bleeder
Integrated Block
Solenoid Closed
Knife
Slide
M
END
CONNECTION
Flanged
Angle
Hand Operated
BALL VALVES
Ball
Pneumatic
PLUG VALVES
H
Plug
Hydraulic
DIAPHRAGM VALVES
Motor
M
Angle Blowdown
M
Motor
SAFETY RELIEF
Piston-Operated Float-Operated
BUTTERFLY VALVES
Butterfly
Rotary
Pinch
Needle
CHECK VALVES
Pneumatic
QUARTER TURN
Check Valve
Treaded
Stop Check
Welded
EQUIPMENT
Socket Weld
Diaphragm
9
Motor
PSV
PRV
Quarter Turn Valve
Double Acting
Quarter Turn Valve
Spring Acting
Rotameter
Gauge
Orifice
SY MBOL S – EQ UIPMEN T
C EN T R I F UG A L P U MP S
P OSI T I V E DISP L AC E M EN T P U MP S
C OOL ING T O W E R S
Positive Displacement
Centrifugal Pumps
Positive
Displacement
Induced Draft
Crossflow
Gear Pump
Forced Draft
Counterflow
Vertical
Can Pump
Natural Draft
Counterflow
Progressive Cavity
Vertical
Screw Pump
Horizontal
Screw Pump
Vertical
Vacuum Pump
Sump Pump
Reciprocating Pump
S T OR AGE
10
Bin
Drum
External Floating Roof
Tank
Internal Floating Roof Tank
Sphere
Dome Roof Tank
Double Wall Tank
Onion Tank
Open Top Tank
Cone Roof Tank
Hyperbolic
Chimney Tower
SY MBOL S – EQ UIPMEN T
C EN T R I F UG A L C OMP R E S SOR S
T
R E AC T OR SY MBOL S
P D C OMP R E S SOR S
Centrifugal Compressor
Reciprocating Compressor
Centrifugal Compressor
(Turbine Driven)
Liquid Ring Vacuum
Centrifugal Compressor
Reciprocating Compressor
Axial Compressor
Rotary Compressor
Centrifugal Blower
Rotory Compressor & Silencers
MO T OR S
Hydrocracking
Fluid Coking
Reformer
Hydrodesulfurization
Tubular Reactor
Fluidized Reactor
Fluid Catalytic Cracking
Alkylation
Mixing Reactor
Rotary Screw Compressor
Motor
Positive Displacement Blower
Diesel Motor
F U R N AC E A ND BOI L E R
S T E A M T U R BINE
Agitator or Mixer
Turbine Driver
Furnace
Doubleflow Turbine
11
Boiler
SY MBOL S – EQ UIPMEN T
HE AT E XCH A NGE R S
Plate and Frame
Heat Exchanger
Spiral
Heat Exchanger
Heater
Air Cooled Exchanger
(Louvers Optional)
U-Tube
Heat Exchanger
Condenser
Double-Pipe
Heat Exchanger
Single Pass
Heat Exchanger
C
C
Shell and Tube
Heat Exchanger
Hairpin Exchanger
Reboiler
DIS T I L L AT ION SY MBOL S
Single Pass
Demister
Spray Nozzle
Chimney
Two Pass
Packed Section
Draw Off
Generic Tray
Plate Tower
Bubble-cap, Sieve, Valve
12
Packed Tower
Saddle, Ring, Sulzer, Rosette
Manway
Vortex Breaker