PLUMBING &
SANITATION SERVICES
FOR A
RESIDENCE
INTRODUCTION
Plumbing and sanitation work
procedure can not be complete without
house arrangements. A regular and
adequate supply of water and an efficient
plumbing system for the disposal of the
waste is a must for every
residential Plumbing and the sanitary
system is necessary for every housing
project, big or small.
Proper planning and designing of
the plumbing and sanitation work
procedure system serve the hygienic
requirements of its occupants.
Plumbing and sanitation is, therefore, an
important branch of building technology.
Approximately, 8% of the total building.
the construction cost of. the building is
devoted to plumbing and sanitation works
procedures.
we will study the planning of plumbing and
sanitation works, basic norms for
designing these systems, necessity, and use
of plumbing drawings, requirements of
plumbing work agency, tools required,
specifications of various materials, the role
of plumbing consultant, etc.
We will also deal with the water supply
system, drainage system, mode
of measurements, usage, and maintenance
of plumbing and drainage work.
Since the plumbing and sanitation work
procedure plays an important role in the
construction of a building, the basic
requirement, therefore, is the maintenance
and designing of a complaint-free
plumbing system.
Standard plumbing and sanitary material is
easily available in the market and satisfy the
1.S. requirements. But a good building
cannot be constructed with quality
materials alone.
It also requires quality workmanship. Hence,
stress is laid on the quality of workmanship,
practical checks, and supervision for getting
the best out io of the skilled unskilled
labour, in coordination with other working
agencies at a lesser cost.
OBJECTIVE / AIM
Role of Plumbing
As you may be aware, water is supplied to a
house or a building from storage tanks through
pipes. Similarly, the waste water from kitchen
and washrooms is drained out with the help of
pipes. Any building, be it a
residential,commercial or industrial, cannot
function properly without having plumbing and
sanitary arrangements in place. It is, therefore,
important to have regular and adequate water
supply and a proper system for the disposal of
waste water. Plumbing cycle refers to a
mechanism through which water is taken from
a source, then supplied to the users, and finally
waste water is collected and recycled to the
source after proper treatment.
Plumbing and pipe-fittings play a major role in
the construction of all types of buildings. An
efficient plumbing work keeps the atmosphere
free from bad smell and ensures better
sanitation.
Plumbing
The skill and art that is needed to transport
water from the source to the users, then to the
treatment plants, and finally supplying the
treated water to the users through a
distribution system is known as plumbing. It is a
system of pipes and fittings that carry water.
Sanitary Work
Sanitary work refers to carrying the waste
water to the waste disposal system (sewerage
system) through plumbing fixtures.
The plumbing installation is governed by the
regulations and rules adopted by the concerned
municipal corporations or committees of
different States and Union Territories. Plumbing
and sanitation work thus plays an important
role in the construction of a building.
A plumbing system consists of pipe fittings and
appliances used for water supply and drainage,
as you see the fitting for the washbasin. In this
system, different pipes are used for different
purposes.
The plumbing system includes:
• water supply, galvanized iron (or plastic)
pipes and fixtures;
• soil pipes and fixtures;
• sanitary drainage system; and
• rainwater drainage system.
For an efficient plumbing system, it is
important that standard plumbing and sanitary
material, as per the Bureau of Indian Standards
(BIS), are used. It is also important that quality
workmanship, practical checks and supervision
are ensured during plumbing and sanitary
work. It helps in getting the best out of the
skilled and unskilled labour. Before starting the
work, the plumber must keep the following
points into consideration.
1. Water supply system: sources of clean and
potable water
2. Plumbing fixtures and pipes: knowledge
about different requirements and specifications
3. Sanitary and drainage system: knowledge
about sewerage system
4. Rainwater drainage system
5. Plumbing drawing and their uses: role of
plumbing drawing
LIMITATIONS
▪ Higher cost/budget problems.
▪ Some difficulties in installation and
availability.
▪ Cool weather can damage the system
METHODOLOGY
Data collection
Here are the top six data collection
methods:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Interviews.
Questionnaires and surveys.
Observations.
Documents and records.
Focus groups.
Oral histories.
Classification , Interpretation
and Presentation of data
Classification methods aim at
identifying the category of a new
observation among a set of categories
on the basis of a labeled training set.
Depending on the task, anatomical
structure, tissue preparation, and
features the classification accuracy
varies.
Interpretation refers to the task of
drawing inferences from the collected
facts after an analytical and or
experimental study. In fact, it is a search
for broader meaning of research
findings.
Data presentation is defined as the
process of using various graphical
formats to visually represent the
relationship between two or more data
sets so that an informed decision can
be made based on them.
Case study
A Case Study on Sanitation Conditions in India
*
Abstract- Water is a precious commodity. Provision
of clean drinking water, sanitation and a clean
environment are vital to improve health and life span
of people. Sanitation is a basic need like food and
drinking water. A sanitary toilet within or near home
provides privacy and dignity to women. Sanitation
and hygienic improvement is very important for the
development of society.In this case study discussing
all methods,management,conditions etc. for a
sanitation conditions in India.
Keywords- Rural Sanitation, Drinking Water,
Diseases,
Hygiene, Water, Public latrines, Education Campaign