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ETHIOPIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE
Document Title:
TOR-ET-048
Issue No.:
ቢጋር
Terms of Reference
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Ethiopian Textile Industry Development Institute
Weaving & Knitting Industry Development Directorate
ISO 9001:2015
https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/ inboxCertifiedISO/IEC/17025
Accredited
Establishment of Ethiopian Knitting Industries Norms
By:


GezawGutema
LiyewWorkie
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
December 2020
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የየየየየየየየየየየየየየየየየየየየየየየየየየየየ
ETHIOPIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE
Document Title:
TOR-ET-048
Issue No.:
ቢጋር
Terms of Reference
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Contents
1)
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 3
2)
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM ................................................................................................................ 4
3)
GENERAL OBJECTIVE ......................................................................................................................... 4
3.1.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE .................................................................................................................. 4
4)
SCOPE ................................................................................................................................................ 4
5)
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY ........................................................................................................... 5
6)
METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................................ 6
7)
EXPECTED RESULTS ........................................................................................................................... 6
8)
Major activities ................................................................................................................................. 6
9)
Action Plan........................................................................................................................................ 7
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ETHIOPIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE
Document Title:
TOR-ET-048
Issue No.:
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1) INTRODUCTION
Industry norm is the level of performance which needs to be achieved in best performing mill
to obtain techno-economic advantage as to serve as useful yardsticks against which
performance of an industry in various areas can be compared.
Norms for Productivity in knitting industry are determining as per the best performing
international mills that reflect the attainable standards in the knitting industry. The major
benefits of the established norms are to compare the level of performance and help to work to
words to actively the norms. Detailed analysis may be made to point out the reasons / areas in
which the factory is below the standards and strives to apply all necessary efforts overcome
the limitations towards achievingthe established norms
Knitted is one of the most used fabric formation methods it is a method of constructing fabric
by intermeshing of loops using needles and various type of technology.
Most of the Ethiopian knitting industries have weft knitting technology with single jersey,
double jersey, auto strip, jacquard and that bed knitting machine with various brand.
Considering the above scenario, the study will establish both qualitative and quantitative
norms for weft knitting technology and compare with the existing the country knitting
industries current performance, moreover the study will identify Ethiopian knitting industry
performance gap against the international best performing knitting companies and
recommend the way forward to improve the performance.
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ETHIOPIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE
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2) STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Till now it is a problem for our knitting factories getting an organized & properly analyzed
data which show quantitatively measured values and qualitatively described parameters
against international best practice. This will in turn do not let us know our status both in
production & quality. Even if the sectors (knitting) are fast growing and market acceptance
are growing Ethiopia industry still faces several problems of quality due to nonconformity of
users /buyers requirements. Such problems are occurred due to non-standardized work
norms.
In order to know a performance level of knitting a company, there is a need to have
established standard. Even though there are different standards in the subsector, there are no
compressive and well established national norms. Due to this fact the knitting industries has a
limitation to compare their performance level and work towards improvement.
3) GENERAL OBJECTIVE

Establish weft knitting industries qualitative and quantitative best practice norms and
compare Ethiopian industries performance against the best practice.
3.1.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE
 To identify weft knitting industries performance parameters.
 To establish best performing industries norms in line with the identified parameters.
 Assess the current performance level of Ethiopian knitting industries.
 Compare Ethiopian knitting industry performance against the best practice.
 Recommend the way forward to improve our industries performance.
4) SCOPE
This research work focuses on collecting, assessing, analyzing and standardizing Ethiopia’s
knitting factories norms against international best practice in the areas of raw material
selection and handling, production and quality controlling, production planning and
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ETHIOPIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE
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monitoring ,maintenance system and machine handling ,health and safety rule. Furthermore
the study also covers production data record in weft knitting technology.
It also assesses data available on various critical process parameters for a wide range / variety
of counts. Knitting norms will be provided on the following areas:
 Selection of yarn / raw material
 Fabric testing –procedures / standards
 Productivity levels in the departments both labor and machine
 Work load and work assignments for all the important machines
5) SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study is designed to examine the status of industries working norms. It also provided
detailed quantities and qualitative value for various weft knitting parameters of industries. It
also helps for researchers who conduct researches on knitted product as bench mark related
topics as further reference.
The benefits of establishing norm for knitting industries would be to compare our industries
performance against the standard and strive for improvement, defective products reduction,
safety and financial advantage.
This is tactic could not only keep products on schedule, but maybe even possibly show that
the estimated activity durations were inflated due to consistently inefficient operations in the
past. The output will provide the alternative waste or defects reduction mechanisms and
productivity improvement tools for knitting industry. This study can be used as an input for
further study for similar future researchers and to forward suggestions, conclusions, and
recommendations based on the finding.
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ETHIOPIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE
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6) METHODOLOGY
In this study, we will use observation, interview, questioner, Sample and measurements in
order to:

Identifying basic parameters from literature and experience.

Prepare questioner for the identified parameters and collect data,

Selection of representative factories for data collection,

Organizing the data gathered & analysis,

Documentation of analyzed data as Ethiopia’s factories norms,

Recommendation & suggestion of solutions for parameters showing lower-performance,
7) EXPECTED RESULTS



Established Ethiopian knitting industry norms
Ethiopian knitting industries performance level
Gaps observed and recommendation to improve performance
8) Major activities
In this study the study team shall perform the following major activities.

TOR preparation and approval

Identity detail qualitative and quantitative parameters for weft knitting industries norm
preparation.

Search and read different articles related to knitting norms

Brief literature review.

Establish international best practice as per the identified parameters.

Prepare questioners based on the identified parameters.

Select representative knitting industries as per established criteria.


Collect appropriate data as per the questioner.
Analyses the collected data and compare Ethiopian knitting industries performance
against the international best practice.
Produce
study
document
with
recommendation.

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9) Action Plan
S.No
Activities
October
W1
1)
TOR (proposal) preparation & approval
2)
Identification of weft knitting norms
related articles and review
3)
Identification of weft knitting related
qualitative and quantitative parameters
4)
Write brief literature review
5)
Establish international best performing
companies norms against the established
parameters
6)
Prepare questioner to collect appropriate
data from selected factory
7)
Select representative knitting companies
8)
Collect appropriate and comprencive
data from the representative factories as
per the questioner
W2
W3
November
W4
W1
W2
W3
December
W1
W2
W3
January
W4
W1
W2
W3
February
W4
W1
W2
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ETHIOPIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE
Document Title:
Issue No.:
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Terms of Reference
S.No
Activities
October
W1
9)
Analyse the collected data and compare
Ethiopian knitting industries performance
level against the international best
practice
10)
Finalize submit the study with
recommendation
11)
Present the study and get feed back
12)
Incorporate the feedback and submit the
final study document
TOR-ET-048
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November
W4
W1
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December
W1
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January
W4
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February
W4
W1
W2