GREEK
GARDEN
Maps
GREECE
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LOCATION AND
GEOGRAPHICAL
CONTEXT
Located in southern Europe, Greece forms
an irregular-shaped peninsula in the
Mediterranean with two additional large
peninsulas.
The country has the largest coastline in
Europe (13,676km) due to its numerous
islands projecting.
Greece has a rich diversity in flora and
fauna and many species are original in this
country, which means that they are found
only there in the world.
SOIL NATURE⊷
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Much of the soils in Greece are made
up of silty, sandy soil. Limestone is a
characteristic type of soil found in this
country. The soil is not very fertile.
Only about 30 percent of the total
land area in Greece can support
crops.
CLIMATIC CONDITIONS⊷
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Weather in Greece is fairly uniform
throughout the mainland and the Greek
islands. Due to its geographical position,
Greece has mild winters and warm
summers, cooled by different kind of
seasonal winds. The summers are
characterized by sunshine and very little
rainfall.
CULTURE AND
SOCIETY❖
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Greek people made their living from
farming. Citizen had land outskirts of
urban area which provided farmlands.
Greek landscape and climate difficult
for farms.
There were grape gardens, olive trees
majorly since it was criminal offense to
cut olive trees.
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Honey was probably was the only
sweetening that exited at the time so
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beehives were kept in terracotta pots.
HISTORY OF ANCIENT
GREEK GARDENS
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Landscape design of ancient Greece (VI
B.C. - IV A.D.) was in essence garden
design. The presence of a good
combination of utilitarian, religious and
aesthetical features was typical to the
gardens of the time.
Greeks originally had characteristic
tendency towards harmony with nature,
use of a relief as by topographical
component and the landscaping design of
ancient Greece was characterized by
considerably freer planning and structure
of composition.
OAK TREE - ZEUS
HISTORY OF ANCIENT
GREEK GARDENS
LAUREL - APOLLO
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MYRTLE TREE - APHRODITE
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Greeks learned to harmoniously combine
the construction of cities with the natural
landscape, mutually supplementing each
other.
Gardens and parks became similar to living
organisms, which have a close connection
with the natural environment and man.
Acropolises, theatres, forums, squares,
seemingly grow from nature, harmonizing
and merging with the surrounding
landscape.
HISTORY OF ANCIENT
GREEK GARDENS
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Ancient Greek gardens were far less
ostentatious and more closely bound up with
religion.
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They had their origins in sacred groves, springs
and rivers believed to be inhabited by gods and
spirits, the haunt of nymphs and satyrs.
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The trees and plants in them were
associated with particular deities.
The goddess of love was a special protector of
gardens, and her son Eros was sometimes
represented as a gardener. The Graces had
their gardens on the slopes of Mount Helicon.
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Characteristics
PRINCIPLES AND
CHARACTERESTICS
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In the landscaping construction of ancient
Greece a strict symmetry predominated.
Alleys and parks were decorated with
fountains, columns, vases, sculptures.
stepped gardens were also built, on which
fountains were arranged and flowers and
trees were planted. The Hellenic garden
had many components: massive amounts
of plants, spiral staircases and many
decorations
Greek landscape dictated a pre-defined
course through the built and unbuilt,
environment, which was perceived as an
inseparable unity.
Components like water feature and
vases in gardens.
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PRINCIPLES AND
CHARACTERESTICS
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Hardy plants, protective walls, and shaded
patios are ubiquitous
In smaller villages, there was no tradition for a
home to have a backyard, there was no soil
even, The place that people had when they
went outside was the street.
They had to put pots with plants in the street.
That's a typical garden."
A neutral backdrop. If you have hot summers,
whitewashed walls and light-colored stone
facades function as effective scrims to reflect
the sun's heat and create a serene structure for
a garden.
3.
Elements
“Softscapes
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COMMON ELEMENT-
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Mediterranean cypress
Greek fir (Abies cephalonica)
TREES
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Olive tree Olea europaea
FLOWERS
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Poppy anemone
(Anemone coronaria))
Cyclamen
(Cyclamineae)
Narcissus
(Narcissus pseudonarcissus))
“Hardscapes
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COMMON ELEMENTS
HARDSCAPES
Fountain
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Gazebo
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Greek vases
Statues
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Parthenon in acropolis with
landscape -paintings
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fountains
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4.
Special
Features
SPECIAL FEATURES
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colorful dashes on white or earthen
background, pergolas with
vines and other climbing trees creating
deep shades.
columns and sculptures ,vases
,fountains.
Olive trees & Citrus trees
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Olive trees & Citrus trees
Potted plants
5.
Types of
Garden
SACRED GROVES
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The religious gardens were
of two varieties:
CULTIVABLE TYPE
which could be rented out while also
being a pleasant gathering place
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RUSTIC SHRINE
where statuary and trees coexisted; a
subspecies of this latter type consisted
of natural grottoes embellished by
rock-cut sculpture, votive offerings
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and at times.
Herron
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The memorial garden - grove,
planted on the spot of the burial
of a hero.
Gardens had a racetrack, a
hippodrome, an area for
gymnastic games and
competition in the memory of
heroes.
With time Herrons began to be
decorated with statues and
colonnades which became the
accents of parks.
In the majority of cases Herrons
had a memorial nature, they
were made with the process of
the creation of different
architectural structures and
forests.
PHILOSOPHICAL GARDENS
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were created specially so that philosophical
conversations could be conducted in them.
On the terraces were created straight, wide alleys
with space for sports, statues, vases and fountains.
In such gardens school and gymnasium lessons
were conducted by the famous philosophers.
Academy Garden on the Ilisos river in the outskirts
of Athens (460 B.C.).
Philosophical gardens were isolated from the
public parks. The largest squares of all of the cities
belonging to the state were surrounded with plants
which were also placed along the roads.
PLEASURE GARDENS
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The pleasure gardens like
those of the Persian's –
appeared after
Alexander of Macedon
victoriously marched into
Persia (336-323 B.C)
OTHER TYPES OF GARDENS
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The public garden was located in the main
area of the city near temples and fountains.
The private gardens of prosperous owners most
frequently bore an exceptionally utilitarian
nature.
Nymph sacred oak, cedar or olive grove
located in center of an artistic water source or
grotto with a regular planning style. Over time
new decorations such as columns and
sculptures appeared and enriched the nymphs.
These places were thought to be inhabited by
gods, nymphs and muses, because of this
people brought sacrifices here. The flow of
water, which fell into the pond, was the
prototype of the water features in the parks of
Western Europe.
6.
Species
SPECIES
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Trees
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Flowers
- cypresses
- Voilet,
- fir trees
- Croccus
- oaks
- Grape
- sycamores
- Anemone
- palms,
- Cyclamon
- olive trees
- Tulip,
- Myrtle
- Daisy
- Lilly
- Roses
- Narissus
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REFERENCES
•
www.gardenvisit.com/history_theory/library_online_ebooks/ml_gothein_histo
ry_garden_art_design/ancient_greek_greece_crete
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•
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1460117090340326
4?src=recsys&journalCode=tgah20
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http://www.landscapedesign-online.com/blog/ancient-greece
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https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/12/arts/12iht- conway.1.6629841.html
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https://plantspeopleplanet.org.au/o1/k1/k2/k9/
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https://www.greenmylife.in/greek-garden/
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Thank
you