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Worksheet
Key Information
Topic
Level (1-3)
Questions
10
Key Stage
Year
Curriculum Coverage
Curriculum Skill
Name
Date
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Question 1
The table below shows two images, image A and image B, of particles
moving through a membrane.
Fill in the chart below to show what process is being carried out in
each of the two images.
A
B
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Osmosis
Diffusion
Active
Transport
A
B
Question 2
Osmosis and active transport are two processes used by cells in plants
and animals.
Select a similarity between the process of osmosis and active
transport.
Answer 1
Moves down concentration gradient
Answer 2
Energy needed
Answer 3
Transports substances into or out of cells
Answer 4
Carrier protein needed
Question 3
What are some of the differences between osmosis and active
transport?
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Osmosis
Active Transport
Energy needed
Moves down
concentration
gradient
Transports water
Transports minerals
and nutrients
Carrier protein
needed
Question 4
Plants need important substances for the different processes of life. Plant
cells get these substances through diffusion, osmosis and active transport.
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Match up the sentences to show the differences between the three
processes.
Column A
Active Transport
Column B
The movement of molecules from an
area of high concentration to low
concentration
The diffusion of water molecules
from a dilute solution to a more
concentrated solution
The movement of molecules against
a concentration gradient, and which
requires energy
Diffusion
Osmosis
Question 5
What do active transport, diffusion and osmosis have in common?
Answer 1
They all require energy
Answer 2
They all transport water molecules
Answer 3
They all have carrier proteins
Answer 4
They all have different concentrations of particles
Question 6
Active transport, diffusion and osmosis are all needed for different life
processes.
Match the processes with the examples given below.
Absorbing
water from the
soil into the
roots of a plant
Gas exchange
in the lungs
Absorbing
glucose from
the intestines
during digestion
Diffusion
Osmosis
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Active
Transport
Question 7
The diagram below shows molecules of nitrates in the soil. There are two
molecules of nitrates in the soil and four molecules of nitrates in the root
hair cell of the plant.
Why is it important that the nitrates move by active transport and not
diffusion?
Answer 1
Diffusion would take longer to transport the
nitrates
Answer 2
Diffusion would mean the plant would lose nitrates
to the soil
Answer 3
Diffusion is passive
Question 8
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Plant and animal cells use active transport, diffusion and osmosis to
transport important nutrients into or out of their cells.
Compare and contrast these three important processes.
Question 9
Glucose is transported into cells for respiration. The picture below shows
three molecules of glucose outside a cell and five molecules of glucose
inside the cell.
Select which arrow fits best in box a and box b below.
Answer 1
(a) ?
Answer 2
(b) ?
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Answer 3
(a) ?
Answer 4
(b) ?
Question 10
The table below shows three images, image A, B and C.
Which of these images show particles moving down a concentration
gradient?
A
B
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C
Answer 1
A
Answer 2
B
Answer 3
C
Answer 4
A and C
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Answer 1
Correct Answers
Osmosis
Diffusion
Active Transport
A
B
Answers Explanation
This was a challenging question to start you off with this activity! You need
to look very carefully at the images to make sure you don't muddle up
diffusion and active transport. The biggest clue to active transport in image
A is the presence of a carrier protein, but the direction of the arrows could
also have been a clue. The arrows show that the molecules are going from
a low concentration (only three of them) to a higher concentration (five of
them). Image B has a semipermeable membrane, which suggests this
image is showing osmosis.
Answer 2
Correct Answers
Answer 1
Transports substances into or out of cells
Answers Explanation
How did you get on with this one? Osmosis and active transport are similar
in that they are both used to transport different substances into or out of
cells. How they transport these substances is where they differ.
Answer 3
Correct Answers
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Osmosis
Active Transport
Energy needed
Moves down
concentration gradient
Transports water
Transports minerals
and nutrients
Carrier protein needed
Answers Explanation
Did you hesitate with the option on concentration gradients? This is the
one that will trip most people up! Osmosis is a process where water
molecules move down the concentration gradient because they go from a
high to a low concentration. In active transport, molecules go the other
way, so they go against the concentration gradient. Osmosis and active
transport are almost opposite processes in that one is passive (osmosis),
and the other needs energy (active transport). Remembering one process
will hopefully help you to remember the other!
Answer 4
Correct Answers
Column A
Active Transport
Diffusion
Osmosis
Column B
The movement of molecules
against a concentration gradient,
and which requires energy
The movement of molecules
from an area of high
concentration to low
concentration
The diffusion of water molecules
from a dilute solution to a more
concentrated solution
Answers Explanation
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This is a really key thing for you to know, so it's worth spending time
learning these definitions if you're not too sure. With osmosis and diffusion,
particles move from a higher concentration to a lower concentration. With
active transport, it's the opposite - they move from a lower concentration to
a higher concentration.
Answer 5
Correct Answers
Answer 1
They all have different concentrations of particles
Answers Explanation
Hopefully, you were able to eliminate the first three options since they don't
apply to all three processes. Options one and three only apply to active
transport, and option two describes osmosis only. The only option that is
shared by all three processes is the last one. In order for particles to move,
either down a concentration gradient or against it, there need to be
different concentrations of particles to start off with.
Answer 6
Correct Answers
Absorbing water Gas exchange in
Absorbing
from the soil
the lungs
glucose from the
into the roots of
intestines during
a plant
digestion
Diffusion
Osmosis
Active Transport
Answers Explanation
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There are many examples of active transport, diffusion and osmosis, but
the above are some of the most common examples, along with nitrate
uptake by plant root hair cells. Make sure you're familiar with these
examples for your exams.
Answer 7
Correct Answers
Answer 1
Diffusion would mean the plant would lose nitrates
to the soil
Answers Explanation
You need to think about what actually happens in diffusion to get this one
correct. Remember that active transport is the movement of particles from
low to high concentrations. Diffusion is the opposite, so particles will move
from a high to a low concentration. If this happened here, the plant would
become drained of all its nutrients.
Answer 8
Correct Answers
Answers Explanation
Phew - what a lot of blanks to fill in! If you found it challenging, it might be
a good plan to read the Introduction again and have a second go at the
questions in this activity. The above question would make great notes for
revision, especially for the extended question and answer section in your
exams.
Answer 9
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Correct Answers
Answer 1
(a) ?
Answer 2
(b) ?
Answers Explanation
Which way will the molecules move? Is this going from a high to a low
concentration or the other way round? The glucose travels against the
concentration gradient - from a lower concentration to a higher
concentration via the carrier proteins. This means that both arrows will
point downwards, towards the five molecules inside the cells.
Answer 10
Correct Answers
Answer 1
B
Answer 2
C
Answers Explanation
Image A is showing active transport, image B shows osmosis and image C
shows diffusion. When particles move down a concentration gradient, it
means that they are moving without the use of energy, from a high
concentration to a low concentration. This happens in diffusion and
osmosis but not in active transport. Well done for completing another
challenging activity. How do you feel about this topic now?
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