7
SCIENCE
Second Quarter – Module
3 Cell: The Basic Structural
and Functional Unit of Life
Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines
_
Science – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Second Quarter – Module 3: Cell: The Basic Structural and Functional Unit of
Life First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.
Published by the Department of Education – Region 10
Regional Director: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Assistant Regional Director: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr., CESO V
Development Team of the Module
Author/s: Myla M. Guillena
Shalome H. Balignot
Reviewers: Marecel B. Compania
Ivan M. Guillena
Corason A. Baluyos
Evaluators: Marisol P. Moreno Marissa M. Olarte Michelle S. Balat Grace Marie S. Doong Jessah
Mae M. Luza Vincent M. Millante Ferdinand Bonito L. Taclob Jr.
Illustrators: Ivan M. Guillena
Fritz E. Balignot
Management Team
Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Regional Director
Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO V
Asst. Regional Director
Edwin R. Maribojoc, EdD, CESO VI
Schools Division Superintendent
Myra P. Mebato,PhD, CESE
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD
Members Neil A. Improgo, EPS-LRMS
Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., EPS-ADM
Samuel C. Silacan, EdD, CID Chief
Marites A. Caguindangan, EPS - Science
Rone Ray M. Portacion, EdD, EPS – LRMS
Asela I. Elumbareng, DM, PSDS
Nelia T. Lanzaderas, PhD, Principal III/District In-charge
Agnes P. Gonzales, PDO II
Vilma M. Inso, Librarian II
Printed in the Philippine by
Department of Education – Region 10
Office Address: Zone 1, DepEd Building, Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang
Cagayan de Oro City
2
Contact Number: (088) 880 - 7072
E-mail Address: region10@deped.gov.ph
e
7
Scienc
7
Quarter 2 – Module 3
Cell: The Basic Structural
and Functional Unit of
Life
This
instructional material is collaboratively developed and reviewed by
educators from public schools. We encourage teachers and other
education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education- Region X at
region10@deped.gov.ph.
Your feedback and recommendations are highly valued.
Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines
FAIR USE AND CONTENT DISCLAIMER: This SLM (Self Learning Module) is for
educational purposes only. Borrowed materials (i.e songs, stories, poems, pictures,
photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in these modules are owned by their
respective copyright holders. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them. Sincerest appreciation to those who have made significant
contributions to these modules.
3
Introductory Message
For the learner:
Welcome to the Science 7 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module 3A: Cell
Parts and Their Functions!
Learning Biology is fun. You will learn more facts, adventures, and a lot of
knowledge on all living things. Did you know that the study of cells is known as
Cytology? Cytology is a branch of Biology that deals with the foundation of life, which
is the cell. Brace yourself, because you are just about to learn the basic unit of life!
This module will expand your views on the beauty of life. Read thoroughly
each part of this module, so you will fully understand and appreciate the existence of
life. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
This gives you an idea of the skills or
in the module.
What I Need to Know
This part includes an activity that aims to
check what you already know about the
What I Know
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
competencies you are expected to learn correct (100%), you may decide to skip
this module.
What’s InThis is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson
with the previous one.
What’s NewIn this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in
various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity, or a situation.
What is ItThis section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This
aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
iv
4
What’s MoreThis comprises activities for independent practice to
solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the answers
to the exercises using the Answer Key at the
end of the module.
What I Have LearnedThis includes questions or blank
sentences/paragraphs to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
What I Can DoThis section provides an activity which will help you
transfer your new knowledge or skill to real
life situations or concerns.
AssessmentThis is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery
in achieving the learning
competency.
Additional ActivitiesIn this portion, another activity will be given to you
to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.
Answer KeyThis contains answers to all activities in the module.
5
At the end of this module you will also find:
ReferencesThis is a list of all sources used in developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use your science activity notebook in answering the exercises. 2. Don’t
forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in
the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain a deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
vi
6
Table of Contents
What I Need to Know - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 What I Know - - - - - - ---------2
Lesson 1 Cell Parts and their Functions
What’s In - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 What’s New - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5
What is It - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6 What’s More - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10
Lesson 2 The Plant Cell
What’s In - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 11 What’s New - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 12 What is It - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 13 What’s More - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 14
Lesson 3 The Animal Cell
What’s In - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 15 What’s New - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 16 What is It - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 17 What’s More - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 18
Lesson 4 Comparing Plant and Animal Cells
What’s In - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 19 What’s New - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 20 What is It - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 20 What’s More - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 22
What I Have Learned - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 23 What I Can Do - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 25 Assessment - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 26 Additional
Activities - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 28
Answer Key - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 29 References - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3
vii
7
What I Need to Know
Life comes from life. Have you ever wondered what your body is made up of?
Or how your body maintains, adapts, and changes through time? How about animals
and plants? Have you ever wondered what comprises the internal structures of plants
and animals?
In this module, you are going to learn the “unseen workers” within a human’s
body and what makes up the marvellous structures of plants and animal.
This module consists of four (4) lessons:
∙ Lesson 1 - Cell Parts and Their Functions
∙ Lesson 2 - The Plant Cell
∙ Lesson 3 - The Animal Cell
∙ Lesson 4 - Comparing Plant and Animal Cell
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. differentiate plant and animal cells according to the presence or absence of
certain organelles (S7LT-IIc-3); and
2. explain why the cell is considered the basic structural and functional unit of
all organisms (S7LT-IIe-5)
Enjoy reading the module and have fun accomplishing all the activities
prepared for you!
1
What I Know
I. Multiple Choice: Read each question carefully and choose the best answer from
the given choices A to D. Write the letter of your answer in your Science activity
notebook.
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. All cells have cell wall. C. All cells contain chloroplast. B. All cells
contain centriole. D. All cells have cell membrane.
2. Why are lysosomes considered as the “cleaners” of the cell?
A. Lysosomes digest damage cell parts.
B. Lysosomes support and protect the cell.
C. Lysosomes pump materials that enter the cell.
D. Lysosomes transport materials from one cell to another.
3. Which part of the cell controls the “entry and exit” of materials?
A. Cell membrane C. Endoplasmic Reticulum
B. Cell wall D. Golgi bodies
4. Mitochondria are organelles that produce energy for the cell. Which part of the
body has many mitochondria?
A. Hair C. Nails
B. Heart D. Nose
5. Which organelle packages and sorts the product of the cell?
A. Cell Wall C. Chloroplast
B. Cell Membrane D. Golgi Bodies
6. Which organelle serves as the “brain” of the cell?
A. Cell Membrane C. Lysosome
B. Cytoplasm D. Nucleus
7. What is the function of chloroplasts in plants?
A. Enable the plant to make their own food
B. Make the plants rigid and rectangular in shape
C. Give the plants energy needed to make food
D. Store food, water, and waste products of the plants
2
II. Identification: Label the parts of the animal and plant cells using the word/s found
in the box below.
WORD BANK
Cell Membrane Lysosomes Nucleolus
Cell Wall Vacuole Nucleus
Chloroplast Mitochondrion Cytoplasm Ribosomes Centriole Golgi
Body
8
9
12
2
13
3
14
4
10 0
15
5
11 1
The Plant Cell The Animal Cell
3
Lesson
1Cell Parts and Their Functions
In the previous lesson, you have learned that all living things possess a
unique and complex biological organization arranged in ascending order from cell to
biosphere.
Answer Activity 1 to refresh your knowledge about the levels of biological
organization.
What’s In
Activity 1: Fill Me!
Directions: Copy the inverted pyramid in your Science activity notebook. Place the
words in the inverted pyramid according to the correct order (from simple to complex)
of the levels of biological organization.
COMMUNITY POPULATION ECOSYSTEM ORGAN SYSTEM BIOSPHERE
CELL ORGANISM ORGANS TISSUES
complex
simple
Figure 1. Levels of Biological Organization
Figure 1. Levels of Biological
4
What’s New
Activity 2: Try Me!
Directions: Try this at home following the steps shown in Figure 2 below.
Step 1: Fill in a clear, small plastic bottle with water about one fourth (¼) of its
container.
Step 2: Pour in a few powdered soap or detergent.
Step 3: Shake the bottle.
Step 4: Observe the bubbles formed inside the bottle
The plastic bottle represents the organism and the bubbles inside represents
the cells. As you have observed, the bubbles stick together side by side. Cells of all
living things are like this. They grouped together to form an organism.
Figure 2. Plastic Bottle with Soap
Bubbles
The plastic bottle represents the organism and the bubbles inside it represent
the cells. As you have observed, the bubbles stick together side by side. Cells of all
living things are like this. They are arranged side by side and grouped together to
form tissues, tissues into organs, organs into organ systems, and organ systems into
organisms.
Warning: DO NOT DRINK THE CONTENTS OF THE BOTTLE.
5
What is It
Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. It is the structural
unit of life because the entire body of an organism is made up of cells which provide
structure for the body. The cell is also known as the functional unit of life because
it regulates all the functions, like taking in of nutrients from food, converting food into
energy and carrying out specialized functions inside an organism.
When Robert Hooke carefully examined a very thin slice of cork, he thought
the close-up view resembled small, empty rooms. He referred these tiny rooms as
cells (from the Latin word Cellulae, which means “small rooms”). A cell is made up of
tiny organs called organelles that perform specific functions. These are called
organelles because these are like “little organs” that has their own function.
In this lesson, you are going to study the different cell organelles which are
found in a cell and their corresponding functions.
Table 1. Cell Organelles and Their Functions
CELL ORGANELLE FUNCTION
NUCLEUS
∙ houses DNA (the hereditary
material) as well as various proteins
including the nucleolus
∙ considered as “brain” of the cell
because it controls all its activities
Source:https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-cell
differentiation-process-importance-examples.html
Source: https://study.com/academy/lesson/mitochondrion
definition-function-structure.html
Plural: Mitochondria
∙ one of the largest organelles within
a cell
∙ also known as the “powerhouse” of
the cell
∙ it is where the energy of the cell, the
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate), is
produced
MITOCHONDRION
6
within the cell
Ribosomes
RIBOSOMES
∙ dot-like organelles that
contain RNA and specific
proteins within the
cytoplasm
∙ manufacture proteins
Source: https://www.genome.gov/genetics
glossary/Endoplasmic-Reticulum-rough
Source: https://joshandkarlasproject.weebly.com/nucleolus
nucleous-ribosomes-and-vacuole.html
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC
RETICULUM
antibodies and insulin
∙ transportation channel of produced
proteins in the smooth endoplasmic
reticulum
∙ site of protein synthesis in the cell
has no ribosome on its surface ∙
smoother in appearance as
compared to the rough ER
∙ involved in the synthesis of lipids
(e.g.
phospholipids)
and
carbohydrates that are used to build
the cell membrane
∙ also involved in the transportation of
vesicles, enzyme production in the
liver, contraction of muscle cells in
the muscles, and synthesis of
hormones in the brain cells
Source: https://www.genome.gov/genetics
glossary/Endoplasmic-Reticulum-Smooth
GOLGI BODIES/ GOLGI
APPARATUS
Source: https://www.dreamstime.com/structure-golgiapparatus animal-plant-cell-major-organelle-most-eukarytoiccells image137227168
∙ has ribosomes attached to its
surface
∙ involved in the production of
∙ responsible for transporting,
modifying, and packaging proteins
and lipids into vesicles for delivery
to targeted destinations
∙ located in the cytoplasm next to the
endoplasmic reticulum and near
the cell nucleus
∙ many types of cells contain only
one or several Golgi apparatus
such as plant cells that can contain
hundreds
7
LYSOSOMES
CELL/PLASMA MEMBRANE
Source: https://microbenotes.com/lysosomes-structure
enzymes-types-functions/
Source: https://www.timvandevall.com/science/plant-cell
diagram/
VACUOLES
Source:
https://sites.google.com/site/kmhvacuole/
CYTOPLASM
∙ plant cells contain large vacuoles
that occupies 50% of its volume
∙ encloses the contents of the cell ∙ is
like a fence or a gatekeeper that
protects the cell from the outside
environment
∙ controls what materials can go in
and out of the cell
∙ made up of two layers of
phospholipids (phospholipids
bilayer)
Source: www.clker.com/clipart-animal-cell.html.
∙ act as the waste disposal system
of the cell by digesting obsolete or
unused materials in the cytoplasm,
from both inside and outside the
cell
∙ the “cleaners” of the cell
∙ rarely seen in plant cell
∙ a space inside the cell that does not
contain cytoplasm, surrounded by a
membrane and filled with fluid which
stores food and water materials for
the cell
∙ is a jelly-like fluid where organelles
are located
8
CELL WALL
Source:
https://www.thoughtco.com/cell-wall 373613.
CHLOROPLAST
Source:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zpt_0lvwXbc
CENTRIOLE
∙ contains pigments such as chlorophyll
is needed for photosynthesis and
gives
plants its green appearance
Source:
https://www.genome.gov/sites/default/files/tg/en/illustra which
tion/ centriole.jpg
∙ adds covering for which provides
support, protection and shape to the cell
∙ tube-like structure that aid in cell
division; responsible for separating the
chromosomes during animal cell division
9
What’s More
Activity 3: What am I?
Directions: Answer the two (2) sets of activities below. Write your answer in your
Science activity notebook.
1. Guess the Riddle!
What is present in a CALL but not in a BALL;
It is present in a WELL but not in a WALL;
And is mostly seen twice in ALL.
Answer: ________________
2. Explain this statement:
Why is the cell considered as the basic structural and functional unit of all
organisms?
Answer: ____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
10
Lesso
n
The Plant Cell
2
What’s In
In our previous lesson, you have learned that cells have so many workers, the
cell organelles, that work together to carry out life functions.
In this module, you will learn the significant organelles that can only be found
in a plant cell.
Enjoy this lesson and have fun while discovering amazing facts about plant cell.
Activity 1: Word Hunt
Directions: Form a word out of the given number in sequence based on the numbers
corresponding to the letters in the alphabet inside the box below. A description of the
organelle is already provided for you to easily come up with the name of the organelles
asked. Write your answer in your Science activity notebook.
A – 1 B – 2 C – 3 D – 4 E – 5 F – 6 G – 7 H – 8 I – 9 J – 10 K – 11 L – 12
M – 13 N – 14 O – 15 P – 16 Q – 17 R – 18 S – 19 T – 20 U – 21 V – 22
W – 23 X – 24 Y – 25 Z – 26
Example:
Description: The basic unit of life.
Example: 3 – 5 – 12 – 12
Answer: CELL
1. Description: Controls the activities of the cell.
Code: 14 – 21 – 3 – 12 – 5 – 21 – 19
Answer: _________________________
11
2. Description: Gives the cell its shape.
Code: 3 – 5 – 12 – 12 13 – 5 – 13 – 2 – 18 – 1 – 14 – 5 Answer:
____________ __________________________ 3. Description: Jellylike fluid where the organelles are located. Code: 3 – 25 – 20 – 15 –
16 – 12 – 1 – 19 – 13
Answer: ________________________________
4. Description: Manufacturer of proteins within the cell.
Code: 18 – 9 – 2 – 15 – 19 – 15 – 13 – 5 – 19
Answer: _______________________________
5. Description: Powerhouse of the cell.
Code: 13 – 9 – 20 – 15 – 3 – 8 – 15 – 14 – 4 – 18 – 9 – 15 – 14
Answer: _____________________________________________
What’s New
A plant cell has almost the same organelles with that of an animal cell but there
are organelles that are found only in plant cell.
Activity 2: Describe Me!
Directions: You are asked to describe an unknown specimen as shown in the picture
below. In three (3) sentences, describe what you see in the picture. Write your
descriptions in your Science activity notebook.
Answer:
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
Figure 1. Unknown Specimen
12
What is It
What is a Plant Cell?
Plant cells contain nucleus along with other organelles as discussed in Lesson
1: Cell Parts and their Functions. However, there are organelles which are distinct and
can be found only in plant cells as emphasized in the figure below.
Figure 2. Plant Cell
13
What’s More
Activity 3: Label Me!
Directions: Label the picture by using the names of the organelles inside the word
bank below the picture. Write your answers in your Science activity notebook.
1
7
2
8
3
9
10
4
11
12
5
6
Figure 3. The Plant Cell
Word bank
Cell Wall Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Vacuole Chloroplast
Mitochondrion Ribosomes Lysosomes Nucleus Rough ER Smooth
ER Golgi Bodies
14
Lesso
n
3
THE ANIMAL CELL
What’s In
In the previous module, you learned about plant cells. Plant cells have cell wall
that surrounds the cell membrane. This gives the plant cell its unique rectangular
shape and rigidity. You have also learned that plant cells have chloroplast which
contains pigments such as chlorophyll needed for photosynthesis and gives plants
their green color. In this module, you will study about animal cells, its organelles, and
functions.
Activity 1: Complete Me!
Directions: Complete the words below by filling in the missing letters. Write the
complete word in your Science activity notebook
WORD: CLUE:
1._UCL_US It controls all the activities of the cell. 2. CY_OPL_ _M It is where all
the organelles are located. 3. V_CUOL_ It holds water, food and waste materials.
4. CH_ORO_LAS_ It is the site of photosynthesis in plant cells. 5. CELL WA_ _ It
provides support, protection, and shape to the plant cell.
15
What’s New
Activity 2: Word Hunt!
Directions: Form a word out of the given number in the code sequence to form the
mystery word. Write your answer in your Science activity notebook. An example is
done for you.
A – 1 B – 2 C – 3 D – 4 E – 5 F – 6 G – 7 H – 8 I – 9 J – 10 K – 11 L – 12
M – 13 N – 14 O – 15 P – 16 Q – 17 R – 18 S – 19 T – 20 U – 21 V – 22
W – 23 X – 24 Y – 25 Z – 26
Example:
Description: The study of living things.
Example: 2 – 9 – 15 – 12 – 15 – 7 – 25
Answer: BIOLOGY
1. Description: Living things that have capacity for spontaneous movement.
Code: 1 – 14 – 9 – 13 – 1 – 12
Answer: ___________________
2. Description: The basic unit of life.
Code: 3 – 5 – 12 – 12
Answer: ____________
3. Description: “Considered the little organs” of the cell.
Code: 15 – 18 – 7 – 1 – 14 – 5 – 12 – 12 – 5 – 19
Answer: __________________________________
16
What is It
What Is an Animal Cell?
An animal cell is a eukaryotic cell, which also contains nucleus and other
membrane-bound “little organs” called organelles, that perform different functions
inside the cell as discussed in Lesson 1: Cell Parts and their functions.
Animal cells are found within every animal. They are of different sizes for which
the largest known animal cell is the ostrich egg, that can stretch over 5.1 inches across
and weigh about 1.4 kilograms. This is in complete opposite to the nerve cells in the
human body which is too small to be visible without the use of a microscope.
Animal cells also have irregular shapes. They are different from other cells
because they do not have cell wall, which allows them to take on different shapes.
Also, the most distinct organelle found only in animal cell is the centriole (Figure 1)
which is a tube-like structure that aid in cell division. They are generally found close
to the nucleus. It is responsible for separating the chromosomes during animal cell
division.
Source: https://www2.palomar.edu/users/warmstrong/images/animal4.gif
Figure 1: Parts of Animal Cell
17
What’s More
Activity 3: Let’s CELLebrate!
Directions: Use the diagram to complete the chart with the needed information. The
first item has been completed for you as an example. Write your answers in your
Science activity notebook.
A
B
E
F
C
D
Label
Organelle
Function
1. A
Mitochondrion
The powerhouse of the cell.
Modifies and packages proteins
and lipids.
2. B
3. C
4. D
Cytoplasm
5. E
Encloses the contents of the cell.
6. F
18
Lesso
Comparing Plant
4
and Animal Cells
n
What’s In
Activity 1: Remember Me?
Directions: Study the diagram of a plant and an animal cell below. Then, complete
the statements that follow. Write your answers in your Science activity notebook.
Figure 1. The Plant and Animal Cell Organelles
1. The structure labeled A are found in both types of cells. The name of the structure
is _____.
2. Unlike animal cells, plant cells have cell walls. In the diagram it is labeled as
_______.
3. The organelle labeled E is known as “The Brain” of the cell. It is the
_______. 4. It is the site of photosynthesis. The organelle I is _______.
5. The powerhouse of the cell is the mitochondrion. In the diagram it is labeled as
_____.
19
What’s New
Activity 2: Take a Pic!
Directions: Study carefully the pictures below and answer questions 1 and 2. Write
your answer in your Science activity notebook.
1. Which one is a plant cell? _________________
2. Which is an animal cell? _________________
3. Write the differences that you observe in the Pictures A and B of the cells
according to: a. size _________________
b. shape _________________
B
A
Source:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Plagiomniu
m_affine_laminazellen.jpeg(2006)
Source: http://omsscience7.oregonsd.net/cells
Figure 2. The Plant and Animal Cell
What is It
Both plant and animal cells are eukaryotic which means they contain
membrane-bound organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria. However, plant cells
and animal cells do not look exactly the same or has all of the same organelles, since
each of them have different needs. For example, plant cells contain chloroplasts since
they need to perform photosynthesis, but animal cells do not.
20
So, how are plant cell and animal cell similar to or different from each other?
Why do plants and animals have differences? Plant and animal cells differ because
they have to perform different functions. Both animal and plant cells have
mitochondria, but only plant cells have chloroplasts. Plants don’t get their sugar from
eating food, so they need to make sugar with the help of the sunlight. This process
which is known as photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast. Once the sugar is
made, it is then broken down by the mitochondria to make energy for the cell. Because
animals get sugar from the food they eat, they do not need chloroplasts: just
mitochondria.
Both plant and animal cells have vacuoles. A plant cell contains a large, singular
vacuole that is used for storage and maintaining the shape of the cell. In contrast,
animal cells have many, smaller vacuoles.
Plant cells have a cell wall and a plasma membrane. In plants, the cell wall
surrounds the plasma membrane. This gives the plant cell its boxlike shape. This also
allows the plants to remain strong and stand upright even if it grows to great heights.
Animal cells simply have a plasma membrane, but no cell wall.
The table below summarizes the similarities and differences of animal cells and
plant cells. Notice the organelles that can be found in both types of cells and observe
carefully the organelles which are present only in animal cell or in plant cell.
Table 1. Comparison Between Plant & Animal Cell
Basis of Comparison
Plant Cell
Animal Cell
Cell Wall
Present
Present
Centrioles
Absent
Present
Chloroplast
Present
Absent
Cytoplasm
Present
Present
Endoplasmic reticulum
Present
Present
Golgi body
Present
Present
Lysosome
Rarely present
Present
Mitochondria
Present
Present
Nucleus
Present
Present
Plasma membrane
Present
Present
Ribosomes
Present
Present
Only one huge vacuole
Many and smaller in size
Vacuole
21
What’s More
Activity 3: Fill Me!
Directions: Copy the Venn Diagram in your Science activity notebook. Compare and
contrast plant and animal cells by filling in the Venn Diagram with the organelles listed
in the box below. The common organelles must be written in the overlapping area (A),
while the differences are in the non-overlapping areas (B) and (C).
Cell Wall Endoplasmic reticulum Nucleus
Centrioles Golgi body Plasma membrane Chloroplast Lysosome
Ribosomes Cytoplasm Mitochondria Vacuole
BC
Plant Cell Animal Cell
A
Differences
Similarities
Differences
Figure 5. Venn Diagram of the Comparison Between Plant and Animal cell
22
What I Have Learned
A. Cell Analogy
Directions: Fill in the blanks below with the specific cell organelle that works for its
specific function. Choose your answer from the box and write your answers in your
Science activity notebook.
Ribosomes Mitochondria Cell
Nucleus Cell Wall Golgi Bodies Cell Membrane Rough
Endoplasmic Reticulum Vacuoles
Chloroplast
Imagine you are inside a factory. The factory itself is the (1) _____. To
protect it from robbers and looters, the factory is protected by an inner wall that
represents the (2) _____, and the outer wall represents the (3) _____. Inside the
factory is the control room where computers are located that direct the movements of
the machineries. The control room represents the (4) _____. In another area, workers
are busily performing their duties. The workers represent the (5) _____. These workers
translate the information sent by the control room to the machineries used. Also, inside
the factory is the power supply room represented by the (6) _____ which provides
energy for the continuous operation of the factory. There is also the packaging room
where products are being sorted out, ready for delivery. The packaging room
represents the (7) _____. Prior to the delivery, the packages are transported through
a conveyor which represents the (8) _____. They serve as the channel where products
are moved. The products will then be stored in the storage room. The storage room
represents the (9) _____. On the other hand, the machinery which produces the
products represents the (10) _____. They are responsible for making the products
produced inside the factory.
23
What I Can Do
To show your learnings about the lesson, make your own 3D model of either a
plant and animal cell. You can use any materials available at home such as
cardboards, egg shell, yarn, sticks, pebbles, and other materials you find useful.
Please take note on the important organelles that are only present in a plant cell and/or
animal cell.
The table below will serve as your basis as to the equivalent points that you
will receive in making your own plant and animal cell model.
Table 1. Cell Model Rubric
Excellent
Satisfactory
Needs
(5 points)
(4 points)
Improvement
(3 points)
Appearance
Project is accurate and
Project shows
Project is not
shows the evidence of
neatness and
neatly done.
considerable effort.
organization.
Organelles are
not organized.
Creativity
Cell model uses materials
Cell model uses
Minimal creativity
not often seen in most
good materials.
is shown in the
projects.
Details
project.
All organelles are
Most organelles are
Some organelles
accurately detailed and
accurately detailed
are not clearly
clearly
and clearly
presented. Few
presented. Actual numbers
presented. Actual
organelles are
of organelles are
number of
represented.
represented.
organelles are
represented.
Labelled
11+ organelles are
8-10 organelles
5-7 organelles are
Organelles
correctly located and
are correctly
correctly located
labelled in the model.
located and
and labelled in the
labelled in the
model.
model.
24
Assessment
I. Multiple Choice: Read each question carefully and choose the best answer from
the given choices A to D. Write the letter of your answer in your Science
activity notebook.
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. All cells have cell wall. C. All cells contain chloroplast. B. All cells
contain centriole. D. All cells have cell membrane.
2. Why are lysosomes considered as the “cleaners” of the cell?
A. Lysosomes digest damage cell parts.
B. Lysosomes support and protect the cell.
C. Lysosomes pump materials that enter the cell.
D. Lysosomes transport materials from one cell to another.
3. Which part of the cell controls the “entry and exit” of materials?
A. Cell membrane C. Endoplasmic Reticulum
B. Cell wall D. Golgi bodies
4. Mitochondria are organelles that produce energy for the cell. Which part of the
body has many mitochondria?
A. Hair C. Nails
B. Heart D. Nose
5. Which organelle packages and sorts the product of the cell?
A. Cell Wall C. Chloroplast
B. Cell Membrane D. Golgi Bodies
6. Which organelle serves as the “brain” of the cell?
A. Cell Membrane C. Lysosome
B. Cytoplasm D. Nucleus
7. What is the function of chloroplasts in plants?
A. Enable the plant to make their own food
B. Make the plants rigid and rectangular in shape
C. Give the plants energy needed to make food
D. Store food, water, and waste products of the plants
25
II. Identification: Label the parts of the animal and plant cells using the word/s
found in the box below.
WORD BANK
Cell Membrane Lysosomes Nucleolus Cell Wall Vacuole Nucleus
Chloroplast Mitochondrion Cytoplasm Ribosomes Centriole Golgi
Body
8
12
2
9
13
3
14
4
10 0
15
5
11 1
The Plant Cell The Animal Cell
26
Additional Activities
Activity: Name Game
I. Directions: Let’s play a name game. An organelle is given to you and you are
going to describe it in one word based on its function or description. Number
one is done as an example.
1. Mitochondria - Powerful mitochondria
2. Cell Membrane
3. Chloroplast
4. Vacuoles
5. Cytoplasm
II. Directions: Compare a cell to a “sunny side up” egg. Provide its
similarities by identifying labels A, B, and C.
A
B
C
Figure 3. Sunny-side Up Egg
27
Answer Key
15. Mitochondrion 19.20.
14. Centriole 18. 13.
Nucleus 17.
the functions inside an organism.
12. Lysosome
16. Vacuole 11.
15.
10. Chloroplast
14. 9. Cell
membrane 13. 8. 1. CELL
Cell wall 12.
22. What’s In
7. A 11.
1. NUCLEUS
organisms;
2. CELL MEMBRANE 3.
structure of the
CYTOPLASM
bodies of
4. RIBOSOMES
unit of life
because it forms 5. MITOCHONDRION
the 2. The cell is 6. D 10. 5. D 9. 4. B 8. 3. D
7. 2. A 6. 1. D 5.
the basic
structural
MITOCHONDRION A 1.
What I Know
33. 32.
CELL MEMBRANE 6. F ROUGH ER - 5. E
CYTOPLASM - D 4.
CENTRIOLE - C 3.
GOLGI BODIES - B 2.
Lesson 2
unit of life because it
regulates all The cell is the
basic functional 4.
CELL
TISSUES ORGANS
What’s More 3.
23. What’s New
24. (ANSWERS MAY VARY.)
25. What’s More
1. CELL WALL
POPULATION
COMMUNITY
ECOSYSTEM
BIOSPHERE
What’s In 1.
Lesson 1
2. CELL
MEMBRANE 3.
GOLGI BODIES 4.
CHLOROPLAST 5.
MITOCHONDRION
6. CYTOPLASM
7. LYSOSOMES
8. RIBOSOMES
9. SMOOTH ER
10. NUCLEUS
11. ROUGH ER
12. VACUOLE
ORGAN SYSTEM
ORGANISM
membrane
cell C.
cytoplasm B.
nucleus A. II.
Answers may
vary.
5) - (1 I.
Additional
What’s More 31.
30.
ORGANELLES 3.
CELL 2.
ANIMAL 1.
New What’s 29.
5.CELL WALL
4.CHLOROPLAST
3.VACUOLE
2.CYTOPLASM
1.NUCLEUS
28.
In What’s 27.
Lesson 3
Activities
, lysosomes vacuole
plasma membrane,
ribosomes, nucleus,
26.
reticulum, golgi body, mitochondria,
cytoplasm, endoplasmic C.
Similarities:
Centrioles B. Animal Cell:
Cell wall, chloroplast Plant Cell: A.
What’s More
5. H
CHLOROPLAST 4.
may vary.
3. Answers 3. NUCLEUS
2. A 2. C
1. B CYTOPLASM 1.
36.
New What’s nI What’s Lesson 4
28
References
Books
Asuncion, Alvie J., et. al. Science 7 Learner's Material. Pasig City: pp 103-104.
Department of Education, 2017.
Carale, Lourdes R., and Elvira R. Galvez. Science and Technology II, Biology
Textbook.pp.28. Pasig City: Department of Education, 2009
Faraon, Genevieve Darvin. Phoenix Science Series BIOLOGY Teacher's
Guide.pp.125-137. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.,
2004
Laurente, Jomar Aries T. et al. Science for the 21st Century Learner. pp.
138- 143. DIWA Learning System, Legaspi Village, Makati City,
Philippines. 2015.
Electronics
2019. wordmint.com. January 04. https://wordmint.com/public_puzzles/1108045.
(Accessed June 01, 2020)
Armstrong, W.P. 2012. palomar.edu. January 22.
https://www2.palomar.edu/users/warmstrong/images/animal4.gif.
(Accessed May 22, 2020)
Bailey, Regina. 2019. thoughtco.com. August 26. Accessed June 01, 2020.
https://www.thoughtco.com/cell-wall-373613.
Biology Experts Notes. 2019. medium.com. December
7.https://medium.com/@biologynotes/animal-cell67442ef5f51b. (Accessed May 22, 2020)
Deep, Akash. n.d. scribd.com. Accessed June 13, 2020.
https://www.scribd.com/document/217949146/Cell-Model-Rubric.
Goldman, Michael A. 2015. science.sciencemag.org. May 29.
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/348/6238/979.full.
(Accessed June 22, 2020)
n.d. byjus.com. https://byjus.com/biology/animal-cell/. (Accessed June 02,
2020)
n.d. cookinglight.com. https://www.cookinglight.com/recipes/pristine-sunny-side
up-eggs. (Accessed June 01, 2020)
29
n.d. dreamstime.com. https://www.dreamstime.com/structure-golgi-apparatus
animal-plant-cell-major-organelle-most-eukarytoic-cells-image137227168.
(Accessed June 01, 2020)
n.d. en.wikipedia.org. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysosome.
(Accessed June 01, 2020)
n.d. genome.gov. https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Endoplasmic
Reticulum-Smooth. (Accessed June 01, 2020)
n.d. genome.gov. https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Endoplasmic
Reticulum-rough. (Accessed June 01, 2020)
n.d. genome.gov.
ttps://www.genome.gov/sites/default/files/tg/en/illustration/centriole.jpg
. (Accessed June 22, 2020)
n.d. https://www.microscopemaster.com/organelles.html.
(Accessed June 01, 2020)
n.d. joshandkarlasproject.weebly.com.
https://joshandkarlasproject.weebly.com/uploads/4/0/8/3/40833201/9707
7 2_orig.jpg. (Accessed June 01, 2020)
n.d. microbenotes.com. https://microbenotes.com/lysosomes-structure-enzymes
types-functions/. (Accessed June 01, 2020)
n.d. pngbarn.com. https://www.pngbarn.com/png-imagebxrcb. (Accessed June 01, 2020)
n.d. science4fun.info. https://science4fun.info/wp-ontent/uploads/2019/03/human
skeleton.jpg. (Accessed June 22, 2020)
n.d. sites.google.com. https://sites.google.com/a/asu.edu/the-almighty-cell/the
source/animal-cell/centriole. (Accessed June 01, 2020)
n.d. sites.google.com. Accessed June 01, 2020.
https://sites.google.com/site/kmhvacuole/.
n.d. slideshare.net. https://www.slideshare.net/lhoralight/science-37094718.
(Accessed June 01, 2020)
n.d. study.com. https://study.com/cimages/videopreview/videopreview-full/what
is-cell-differentiation-pros-importance-examples_01002512_111306.jpg.
(Accessed June 01, 2020)
n.d. study.com. https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-an-ecosystem
definition-lesson-quiz.html. (Accessed June 22, 2020)
30
n.d. study.com. https://study.com/academy/lesson/mitochondrion-definition
function-structure.html. (Accessed June 01, 2020)
n.d. timvandevall.com. https://www.timvandevall.com/science/plant-cell-diagram/.
(Accessed June 01, 2020)
n.d. vedantu.com. https://www.vedantu.com/biology/animalcell. (Accessed May 22, 2020)
Ocal. 2010. clker.com. August 27. http://www.clker.com/clipart-animal-cell.html.
(Accessed June 01, 2020)
Rogers, Kara. n.d. https://www.britannica.com/. Accessed June 01, 2020.
https://www.britannica.com/science/Golgi-apparatus.
siyavula.com.www.siyavula.com/read/grade-9/cells-as-the-basic-units-oflife/01- cells-as-the-basic-units-of-life?id=toc-id-5. (Accessed May 28, 2020)
31
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Region 10
Zone 1, DepEd Building Masterson Avenue, Upper
Balulang Cagayan de Oro City, 9000
Telefax: (088) 880 7072
E-mail Address: region10@deped.gov.ph
32