7 ENGLISH First Quarter – Module 3 Active and Passive Voice Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines English – Grade 7 Alternative Delivery Mode First Quarter – Module 3: Active and Passive Voice First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education – Region 10 Regional Director: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III Undersecretary: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr., CESO V Development Team of the Module Author/s: Closarlyn D. Banaybanay Roselyn O. Rosalim Reviewers: Michael Vincent Tayone Illustrator and Layout Artist: Gerlie R. Apellido Management Team Chairperson: Co-Chairpersons: Charla Rea M. Durac Aileen V. SUico Shirley N. Bayon-on Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III Regional Director Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO V Asst. Regional Director Edwin R. Maribojoc, EdD, CESO VI Schools Division Superintendent Myra P. Mebato,PhD, CESE Assistant Schools Division Superintendent Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD Members: Joanette Clarpondel M. Caparaz, EPS - English Neil A. Improgo, EPS-LRMS Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., EPS-ADM Samuel C. Silacan, EdD, CID Chief Rone Ray M. Portacion, EdD, EPS – LRMS Maurita B. Barquez, EPS – MTB/Kindergarten Loida A. Intong, EdD, PSDS Agnes P. Gonzales, PDO II Vilma M. Inso, Librarian II Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Region 10 Office Address: Zone 1, DepEd Building, Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang Cagayan de Oro City Contact Number: (088) 880 7072 E-mail Address: region10@deped.gov.ph 7 English First Quarter – Module 3 The Use of Active and Passive Voice in Varied Contexts This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and or/universities. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education-Region 10 at region10@deped.gov.ph. Your feedback and recommendations are highly valued. Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines Introductory Message For the learner: Welcome to the English 7 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on The Use of Active and Passive Voice in Varied Contexts! The health worry of COVID-19 has greatly affected our land. Are you actively doing your part during these extra-ordinary times? Start with little deeds to reach out others. If you are inspired, satisfied and fulfilled in helping for the most in need, then you are a “doer”. This is a Filipino culture known as community spirit or “Bayanihan”. But if you lack the energy or will and just allow things to happen and accept what people do without doing anything, then you are a “passive” person. This module helps you develop a positive attitude of being a “doer or a performer” which you learn in active voice, where the focus is on the person doing the act. While that which emphasizes the action or the result is in the passive voice, the action is highlighted rather than the doer. The exercises herein are made to motivate you embrace learning as a worthwhile experience. It is hoped that the skills you learned will better prepare you to adjust to the new normal world. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: This will give you an idea of the skills or What I Need to Know competencies you are expected to learn in the module. This part includes an activity that aims to check What I Know what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module. What’s In What’s New This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one. In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation. This section provides a brief discussion of the What is It lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills. What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module. This What I Have Learned includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson. This section provides an activity which will help What I Can Do you transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or concerns. This is a task which aims to evaluate your level Assessment of mastery in achieving the learning competency. In this portion, another activity will be given to Additional Activities you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned. This also tends retention of learned concepts. This contains answers to all activities in the Answer Key module. At the end of this module you will also find: References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module. The following are some reminders in using this module: 1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use your English notebook in answering the exercises. 2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the module. 3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task. 4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. 5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next. 6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it! Table of Contents What I Need to Know ---------------- 1 What I Know ---------------- 2 What’s In ---------------- 3 What’s New ---------------- 3-4 What is It ---------------- 5-8 What’s More ---------------- 9-12 What I Have Learned ---------------- 13 What I Can Do ---------------- 13 Assessment ---------------- 14 Additional Activities ---------------- 15 Answer Key ---------------- 16 References ---------------- 17 What I Need to Know Every writer or speaker has to pay attention to the idea or the topic that needs emphasis. One of these is the use of active and passive voice where either the person doing the action or the result of the action itself is emphasized. Having enough background about active and passive voice will help one to be a better user of the English language. After going through this module, you are expected to use the active and passive voice meaningfully in varied contexts (EN7G-111-c-2); specifically, you are expected to: 1. identify sentences in active and passive voice; 2. determine context when to use active voice and passive voice; and, 3. construct sentences using active and passive voice. This module enables learners to enjoy learning as you follow the varied discussions, exercises and worksheets. 1 What I Know Before starting with this module, let us see how much you have learned about active and passive voices of verb. Instructions: A. Write A if the sentence is in the active voice and P if it is in the passive voice. Write your answers on your English Notebook. Example: Most teenagers use gadgets. Answer: A ___________1. A memo was written by her. ___________2. The nurse wears face mask and face shield. ___________3. Surgery is performed by a team of specialists. ___________4. Front liners inspect all passersby. ___________5. A disposable latex glove is worn by medical doctor. ___________ 6. Henry ate fruits and vegetables at dinner. ___________ 7. Marlon changed the flat tire. ___________ 8. The entire building was painted by Carlos. ___________ 9. The house will be cleaned by me every weekend. ___________ 10. The science class viewed the comet. 2 Lesson 1 The Use of Active and Passive Voice What’s In Previously, you have learned about genres of a material viewed. Can you recall the genres? Complete these statements: 1. I like to watch __________________. 2. Many people watch _____________ to know the weather of the day. 3. A ________________ is usually watched by adults. 4. ___________________ are often watched by millennials. Write all your answers in your English Notebook. (Answers may vary.) What’s New Literary Journey. Below is a summary of the story “My Father Goes to Court”. Read thoroughly the selection and observe how the characters behave or act and the consequences or results of their actions in the story. My Father Goes to Court by Carlos Bulosan 3 Summary In the Island of Luzon, there lived a poor but happy family. The children were always playing and bathing in a cold river. They had a very rich neighbor with two children who were not allowed to play outside of their house. The rich man’s servant usually cooked special foods. The children of the poor family just smelled the yummy aroma of the food from their rich neighbor. They enjoyed doing it everyday until they got strong and healthy while the rich man’s children got pale and thin. One day, the rich man filed a case against the father of the poor family for stealing the spirits of his food and wealth. They all went to court. The father had no lawyer with him while the rich man had. When the judge asked about the truth of the charge, the father said “yes” to smelling the aroma of the rich man’s food but not to stealing his wealth. The father, with a hat full of coins, asked permission from the judge to have the tinkling of the coins heard by the rich man. The father asked if the rich man heard the spirit of the money, which the latter said yes. The father then said that the charge was paid. The judge smiled and pounded his gavel and said that the case was dismissed. Comprehension Questions: 1. What was the rich man’s accusation against the father? The rich man accused the father for____________________________. 2. How did the father pay the rich man’s accusation? The father paid the rich man’s accusation with ____________________ . 3. What did the children do with the yummy aroma of the food from a rich man’s house? The yummy aroma of the food from a rich man’s house ______________ by the children. 4. What did the judge do with the case filed by the rich man? The case __________________by the judge. 4 What is It In the previous activity (What’s In), the answers to questions 1 and 2 are in the active voice while the answers in questions 3 and 4 are in the passive voice. 1. I like to watch videos. 2. Many people watch weather reports to know the weather of the day. 3. A documentary is usually watched by adults. 4. Internet-based programs are often watched by millennials. All underlined words are the subjects of the sentence. In the first two sentences, the subject is the doer of the action, while in the 3rd and 4th sentences the subject is the receiver of the action. This is the same in your answer to the questions in “What’s New” activity. 1. The rich man (subject) accused (verb) the father (object) for stealing the spirit of rich man’s wealth and food. 2. The father (subject) paid (verb) the rich man’s accusation (object) with sweet tinkle of the coins. 3. The yummy aroma (object) of the food from a rich man’s house was inhaled (verb) by the children (subject). 4. The case (object) was dismissed (verb) by the judge (subject). All underlined words are the subject of the sentence. In the first two sentences, the subject is the doer of the action, while in the 3rd and 4th sentences the subject is the receiver of the action. The next pages show a more detailed explanation to make you better understand the concept. 5 Activity 1 Oh My G! (Grammar Consciousness & Awareness) The voice of an action verb indicates whether the subject performs or receives the action. There are two types of voice: ACTIVE VOICE and PASSIVE VOICE ACTIVE VOICE When the subject does or “acts upon” the verb, the sentence is said to be in the active voice. Formula: Subject + Verb+ Object (doer of the action) Study the following examples. These show that the subject is doing the verb’s actions. 1. The rich man’s servant (subject) usually cooked (verb) special food (object). 2. Carlos Bulosan (subject) revealed (verb) the reality about social discrimination in the text (object). 3. The judge (subject) pounded (verb) the gavel (object). 4. My brothers (subject) threw (verb) a small change in a straw hat (object). PASSIVE VOICE When the subject receives the action of the verb, the sentence is said to be in the passive voice. Formula: Subject + Verb+ Object (receiver of the action) These examples show how the subject-verb relationship has changed. 1. Special food (subject) is usually cooked (verb) by the rich man’s servant (object). (active verb-gives: passive verb-is given) 2. The reality about social discrimination in the text (subject) was revealed (verb) by Carlos Bulosan (object). (active verb-revealed: passive verb- was revealed) 3. The gavel (subject) was pounded (verb) by the judge (object). (active verb- pounded: passive verb- was pounded) 4. A small change in a straw hat (subject) was thrown (verb) by my brothers (object). (active verb-threw: passive verb-was thrown) The object in the active voice becomes the subject in the passive voice; the subject in the active voice becomes the object in the passive voice. 6 This is Good to Know! Tips in Changing Active to Passive: 1. Identify tenses of verb and change it into Verb Be+ Past Participle Tense Active: The government gives relief goods. Passive: Relief goods are given by the government. Active: Many boys helped the wounded men. Passive: Wounded men were helped by many boys. Active: Someone will take my gadgets. Passive: My gadgets will be taken by someone. 2. Move the direct object to the beginning of the sentence Active: Arthur will send a package. Passive: A package will be sent by Arthur. Active: Sheena will bring imported goods. Passive: Imported goods will be brought by Sheena. 3. Add the preposition “by” before the subject Active: Heshbon will write a letter. Passive: A letter will be written by Heshbon. 4. Add an auxiliary verb “be” before the main verb 7 Let’s Learn A Subject Verb Object 1.The sings love choir C 2.Cat P A songs. eats S fish. T Verb Object are by the songs sung choir. 2. Fish is by cat. 1. Love eaten S 3.The I boys V 4.Sarah will run a race. 3.A race I mailed the V document. 4.The document E will be by the run boys. was by mailed Sarah are by wise made men. E 5. Wise Voice Subject men make many 5.Many inventions. Voice 8 inventions What’s More Activity 2 Self- Assessment A. Are the sentences below in the Active or Passive Voice? Label them “Active or Passive”. Write your answers on your English notebook. Example: Active - Every province will follow the new DILG guidelines. ________________1. Emily is using hand sanitizer. ________________ 2. The Municipal Mayor ordered people to stay at home. ________________ 3. The relief goods were given to each household by the LGU. ________________ 4. An Executive Order was issued by the governor. ________________ 5. The builders finished the isolation room for PUIs. ________________ 6. The COVID-19 patient is brought by the medical workers to the hospital. ________________ 7. The front liners are checking the quarantine pass. ________________ 8. The health professionals were reading the test result. ________________ 9. She is wearing face mask. ________________ 10. Daddy came home after two weeks of being quarantined. . 9 B. Read the given statements properly. If it is in the active voice, look for its passive form in the given choices and vice versa. Write the letter of your answers on your English Notebook. Example: B Laura found a gold bracelet. A. A gold bracelet is found by Laura. B. A gold bracelet was found by Laura. C. A gold bracelet will be found by Laura. _____11. The President signs the letter. A. The letter is signed by the president. B. The letter was signed by the president. C. The letter will be signed by the president. _____12. The COVID-19 patient took the bitter medicine. A. The bitter medicine is taken by the COVID-19 patient. B. The bitter medicine was taken by the COVID-19 patient. C. The bitter medicine will be taken by the COVID-19 patient. _____13. The cure of COVID-19 is discovered by a Filipino scientist. A. The Filipino scientist discovers the cure of COVID-19. B. The Filipino scientist discovered the cure of COVID-19. C. The Filipino scientist will discover the cure of COVID-19. _____14. A heavy load during this pandemic time is carried by the world. A. A heavy load during this pandemic time was carried by the world. B. The world carries a heavy load during this pandemic time. C. A heavy load during this pandemic time will be carried by the world. _____15. God controlled everything in this world. A. Everything in this world is controlled by God. B. Everything in this world will be controlled by God. C. Everything in this world was controlled by God. 10 You are now ready to learn more! 1. When do we use the active voice? a. Active voice is used when the doer is more important than the action. This places the emphasis on the subject of the sentence and makes the sentence more straightforward and brief. For example: I really love this dog. Monkeys live in the jungle. She threw the ball to John. The dog ran back to the car. I made a mistake. b. Active voice is also used in making commands or requests. For example: Open the window. Carry the books. Do it alone. Catch the ball. Feed the dog. c. Giving instructions can be done in the active voice. For example: Cut the spices in small pieces. Interview the barangay officials for the correct data. Measure accurately the size of the cloth. Turn off the electricity. Wear mask in public places. 11 2. When do we use the passive voice? The passive voice is used in the following cases: a. The actor is unknown. Example: The motorcycle was stolen (maybe by someone). b. The actor is irrelevant. Example: A COVID-19 vaccine will be discovered by researchers soon. c. You want to be indefinite about who is responsible. Example: Mistakes were made. d. You are talking about a general truth. Example: Do unto others what you want others do unto you. e. You want to emphasize the person or thing acted on. Example: The virus that caused COVID-19 was discovered in 2020. f. You are writing an experiment result/report. Example: The salt was dissolved in water. Activity 3 When to use active or passive voice Write a sentence either in the active or passive voice using the ideas below. Decide on which is more important, the doer or the action, to determine your answer. 1. Police arresting the COVID-19 protocol violators. ________________________________________ 2. The doctor examining the COVID-19 patient ________________________________________ 3. Filipino scientists discovering a cure for COVID-19 _______________________________________ 4. A nurse wearing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) _______________________________________ 12 What I Have Learned In active voice, the focus is on the _______________ of the action, while in the passive, it is on the _____________ or result. What I Can Do Activity 4 Self-Care First Pretend that you are a health care provider in your barangay. Discuss with your friends some of the best practices one must observe during the pandemic. Use active and passive voice of the verb. The first is done for you. 1. Washing the hands Active a. Girlie uses a germicidal soap in washing her hands. Passive b. A germicidal soap is used by Girlie in washing her hands. 2. Wearing a face mask Active a. ______________________________________________ Passive b. ______________________________________________ 3. Staying at home Active a. ______________________________________________ Passive b. ______________________________________________ 4. Observing social- distancing Active a. ______________________________________________ Passive b. ______________________________________________ 5. Eating healthy foods Active a. ______________________________________________ Passive b. ______________________________________________ 13 Assessment Now, let us check what you have learned. Instructions: Follow the specified task below. Use active and passive voice of the verbs in your sentences. Write your answers on your English notebook. 1. Write a report about a science experiments that you did in your Science class. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 2. Write instructions on how to cook a certain recipe or construct a certain object, etc. that you learn in your TLE class. _______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 14 Additional Activities Activity 5 PIC TO TELL The pictures on the next page tell a lot of stories which you can relate to the present time. Using your prior knowledge about the use of active and passive voice, do the following: A. Construct four sentences using active voice. Write your answers on your English Notebook. 1. _______________________________________________________ 2. _______________________________________________________ 3. ________________________________________________________ 4. _______________________________________________________ B. Construct three sentences using passive voice. 5. _______________________________________________________ 6. ____________________________________________________________ 7. ____________________________________________________________ Congratulations! You have successfully completed Module 3. Please proceed to Module 4 and learn about the past and past perfect tenses. 15 What I Know 16 What’s More (page 9-10) 1. Active 2. Active (page 2) 1. P PPpp 3. Passive 8. Active 6. A 7. Active 5. P 6. Passive 4. A 5. Active 3. P 4. Passive 2. A 7. A 8. P 9. P What I have learned Assessment (page 14) (page 13) constructions are the focus is on Sentence In active voice, the doer of the based from the action, while in the passive, it 9. Active 10. Active situations given. their answers.) or result. (Students vary is on the action 11. A 10. A 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C Answer Key References BOOK Fermin, Edison A. and Papango, Marla C. English 7 Learner’s Material. Pasig City Philippines: FEP Printing Corp. 2017, pp 374-379. ELECTRONIC RESOURCES Academia Edu “The Use of Active and Passive Voice” Accessed May 27, 2020. https://www.academia.edu/25892356/ACTIVE_AND_PASSIVE_VOICE Active Voice Adds Impact to Your Writing-Your Dictionary Accessed May 28, 2020. https://grammar.yourdictionary.com/style-and-usage?active-voice-adds-impactto-your-writing.html. Carlos Bulosan, “My Father Goes to Court”. Accessed June 8, 2020. https://incendiaryjaycee.wordpress.com/2017/08/29/summary-reflection-andreview-my-father-goes-to-court-by-carlos-bulosan/ Passive Voice-University of Toronto Advice on Academic Writing Accessed June 9, 2020 https://advice.writing.utoronto.ca/revising/passive-voice/ Whoisthiszy Wordpress “My Father Goes to Court” Accessed June 10, 2020. https://whoisthiszy.wordpress.com/2019/01/03/my-father-goes-to-court-by-carlosbulosan-summary-reflection-and-review/ 17 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education – Region 10 Zone 1, DepEd Building Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang Cagayan de Oro City, 9000 Telefax: (088) 880 7072 E-mail Address: reiogn10@deped.govph
