SPH4U Physics Formula Sheet
Kinematics
 d v1  v2

t
2
1
 d  v1 t  a t 2
2
v2  v1
t
( v  v2 )  t
d  1
2
vav 
aav 
v2 2  v12  2a d
dx = vxt
v 2  v1  a t
 d  v2  t 
1
a t 2
2
H = (vi2)sin2θ/2g
Δt = 2visinθ/g
Dynamics
Fg  mg
Fg 
F  kx
v2
ac 
r
g
GM
r2
vesc 
Ff   FN
Gm1m2
r2
Fnet  ma
mv 2
4 2 r
2
2
Fc  mac 
ac 
 4 rf
r
T2
3
3
r
r
GM
v2
2GM
 Cs

tan  
T 2 4 2
T2
gr
r
Momentum, Energy & Power
W  F d cos
E g  mgh  
1 2
kx
2
E elastic 
efficiency 
P
Δp = mvf - mvi
Ek 
1
mv 2
2
GMm
r
Woutput
Winput
 100%
W
F d

t
t
p = mv
Wnc = ½ mvf2 – ½ mvi2
Wnc = Δ(Ef – Ei)
Electricity and Magnetism
Non-uniform Electric Field:
F k
q1 q2
r
EPE  k
2
q1q2
r
Ek
V
Einitial = Efinal
q
r2
kq
r
Uniform Electric Field:

 F
E
qo
V
EPE
qo
Other Electricity:
q  Ne
F  qo vB sin
q
t
F  ILB sin
I
VB  VA 
V
E
s
EPE
qo
-EPE = KE
Magnetism:
q = mgd/ΔVb
r
mv
qB
Waves
f 
N
t
1
f
T

v
T
 f
n
sin  1 v1 1 n2



sin  2 v2  2 n1
c
v
sin  n  (n  21 )( d )
PS1  PS 2  (n  21 ) 
2D interference:
double slit experiment:
dsinθ = (n – ½ )λ
single slit experiment:
wsinθ = nλ
thin film interference:
film 
dsinθ = mλ
wsinθ = (m + ½ )λ
vacuum
λ = x / L (d / n - ½ )
λ = x(d/L)
λ = Δy (w/L)
mλ = wsinθ
condition for interference = 2t + ½ λ? - ½ λ?
n
Constructive: mλ
w=1/N
air wedge: ΔX = Lλ / 2t
Destructive: m + ½ λ
___________________________________________________________________________________
Revolutionary Modern Physics
t 
to
L  Lo 1 
1 v2 c2
p
2
v
c2
mv
1 v c
KEmax = hf – W0
2
2
E
mc 2
KE  E  Eo
Eo  mc 2
1 v2 c2
λ = h/p
pphoton = hf / c
E = hf
p y  
y
h
4
__________________________________________________________________________________________
sin θ 
c
a

b A
a
c
cos θ 
b
c
tan θ 
a
b
A
b
c
c 2  a 2  b 2  2ab cosC
B
Solar and Terrestrial Data
Quantity
mass of Sun
radius of Sun
mass of Earth
radius of Earth at equator (mean)
radius of Earth’s orbit (mean)
acceleration due to gravity
Earth-Moon distance (mean)
Earth-Sun distance (mean)
standard atmospheric pressure
length of Earth year
mass of mon
Symbol
mS
rS
mE
rE
rEO
g
patm
Ty
mmoon
Approximate value
1.99 × 1030 kg
6.96 × 108 m
5.98 × 1024 kg
6.38 × 106 m
1.50 × 1011 m
9.8 m/s2
3.84 × 108 m
1.50 × 1011 m
1 atm or 1.013 × 105 Pa
3.16 × 107 s
7.35x1022 kg
C
a
Physical Constants
QUADRATIC FORMULA
Quantity
Symbol
Approximate value
speed of light in a vacuum
gravitational constant
Coulomb’s constant
charge on electron
charge on proton
electron mass
proton mass
neutron mass
atomic mass unit
Planck’s constant
Permeability of free space
Acceleration due to Gravity
electron volt
c
G
k
-e
e
me
mp
mn
u
h
µ0
g
eV
3.00 × 108 m/s
6.67 × 10-11 N.m2/kg2
9.00 × 109 N.m2/C2
-1.60 × 10-19 C
1.60 × 10-19 C
9.11 × 10-31 kg
1.673 × 10-27 kg
1.675 × 10-27 kg
1.660 × 10-27 kg
6.63 × 10-34 J.s
4π×10−7 N/A2
9.8 m/s2
1.6 x 10-19 J
x
b
b  4 ac
2a
2
QUADRATIC EQUATION
ax 2  bx  c  0