QUESTIONS:
1. Write a PL/SQL program to implement a simple calculator
Code:
DECLARE
x INT;
y INT;
ch CHAR(1);
z INT:=0;
BEGIN
x :=&x;
ch :='&ch';
y :=&y;
CASE ch
WHEN '+' THEN z:=x+y;
WHEN '-' THEN z:=x-y;
WHEN '*' THEN z:=x*y;
WHEN '/' THEN z:=x/y;
ELSE DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('INVALID');
END CASE;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(x||ch||y||'='||z);
END;
/
2. Write a PL/SQL program to practice reading the record from a table into local variables using
different data types and %TYPE and display the same using locally declared variables.
Code:
set serveroutput on;
DECLARE
deptno department.dept_no%type;
deptname department.dept_name%type;
deptroom department.room_no%type;
deptfloor department.floor%type;
depthod department.hod%type;
deptestd department.estd_date%type;
BEGIN
select dept_no,dept_name,room_no,floor,hod,estd_date into
deptno,deptname,deptroom,deptfloor,depthod,deptestd from department where
dept_no='&dept_no';
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('department_no= '||deptno);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('department_name= '||deptname);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('department_room= '||deptroom);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('department_floor= '||deptfloor);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('department_hod= '||depthod);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('department_estd_date= '||deptestd);
END;
/
3. Write a PL/SQL program to find the number of doctors in a given department with a given
qualification (read values for department and qualification from user during runtime). If number is
more than the number of doctors in that department with other qualifications then display ‘Well
qualified’ else ‘Qualified’.
Code:
set serveroutput on;
DECLARE
x int;
y int;
dept doctor.dept_no%type;
qual doctor.qualification%type;
BEGIN
dept:=’&dept’;
qual:='&qual';
SELECT COUNT (Doc_id) into x from Doctor where Dept_no=dept and Qualification=qual;
SELECT COUNT (Doc_id) into y from Doctor where Dept_no=dept and Qualification!=qual;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total no of Doctors in given department with given qualification are
'||x);
if x>y then DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Well Qualified');
else DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Qualified');
end if;
END;
/
4. Write a PL/SQL program to insert records into any of the tables in your database.
Code:
set serveroutput on;
DECLARE
pid patient.Pat_id%type;
pname patient.Pat_name%type;
dob patient.DOB%type;
gender patient.gender%type;
cont patient.contact%type;
add patient.address%type;
BEGIN
pid:='&pid';
pname:='&pname';
dob:='&dob';
gender:='&gender';
cont:='&cont';
add:='&add';
insert into patient values(pid,pname,dob,gender,cont,add);
commit;
END;
/
5. Create a function to find the factorial of a given number.
Code:
set serveroutput on;
create or replace function fact(n number)
return number is
i number;
ans number;
begin
ans:=1;
for i in 1 .. n
loop
ans := ans*i;
end loop;
return ans;
end;
/
set serveroutput on;
declare
n number;
begin
n:=fact(&n);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(chr(10)||'Factorial is: '||n);
end;
/
6. Create a function DOC_COUNT to find the number of doctors in the given department. Use the
department name as the input parameter for the function.
Code:
set serveroutput on;
create or replace function DOC_COUNT(deptname VARCHAR)
return INT is
n number;
begin
select count(Doc_id) into n from doctor,department where
doctor.dept_no=department.dept_no and dept_name=deptname;
return n;
end;
/
set serveroutput on;
declare
n number;
deptname department.dept_name%type;*
begin
deptname:='&deptname';
n:=DOC_COUNT(deptname);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No. of Doctors in given Department : '||n);
end;
/
CURSOR
1. Write a CURSOR to give 5% additional discount to all senior citizen patients.
Code:
set serveroutput on;
DECLARE
cursor pt is select * from patient;
p pt%rowtype;
age decimal(5,2);
BEGIN
open pt;
loop
fetch pt into p;
exit when pt%notfound;
age:=months_between(sysdate,p.dob)/12;
if(age>=60) then
update hospital_bill set discount=discount+5 where pat_id=p.pat_id;
end if;
end loop;
close pt;
END;
/
2. Write a CURSOR to change the department number from 1 as 5 for all doctors with a qualification
‘MD’
Code:
set serveroutput on;
DECLARE
cursor doc is select * from doctor;
dr doc%rowtype;
n int:=0;
BEGIN
open doc;
loop
fetch doc into dr;
exit when doc%notfound;
if(dr.qualification='MD') AND (dr.dept_no=’D101’) then
update doctor set dept_no=’D105’ where doc_id=dr.doc_id;
select dept_no into n from doctor where doc_id=dr.doc_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('New Dept_no= '||n);
end if;
end loop;
close doc;
END;
/
FUNCTIONS AND PROCEDURES
1. Write a PL/SQL stored function COUNT_DOC to count the number of doctors who have treated at
least 100 patients if given a doctor id as input parameter.
Code:
set serveroutput on;
create or replace function COUNT_DOC(dr_id char)
return number is
n number;
begin
select count(Pat_id) into n from Appointment where Doc_id=dr_id;
if (n>=100) then return 1;
else return 0;
end if;
end;
/
set serveroutput on;
DECLARE
n number;
total int:=0;
cursor doc is select * from doctor;
dr doc%rowtype;
BEGIN
open doc;
loop
fetch doc into dr;
exit when doc%notfound;
n:=COUNT_DOC(dr.doc_id);
total:=total+n;
end loop;
close doc;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total no of Doctors= '||total);
END;
/
2. Write a PL/SQL stored procedure to adjust the payment type of hospital bills to CASH if the
patient id and amount details given as input.
Code:
set serveroutput on;
create or replace procedure pttype(pt_id char,amt number) is
n hospital_bill.payment_type%type;
begin
update hospital_bill set payment_type='Cash' where pat_id=pt_id and
bill_amount=amt;
select payment_type into n from hospital_bill where pat_id=pt_id and
bill_amount=amt;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('New Payment_Type= '||n);
end;
/
exec pttype('&pt_id',&amt);
TRIGGERS
1. Add an attribute with patients table to store the age of the patients. Then answer the following
question; Write a Trigger to find and fill the age of a patient whenever a patient record is inserted
into patients table.
Code:
alter table Patient add age int;
create or replace trigger calc_age
before insert on patient for each row
begin
:new.age := months_between(sysdate,:new.dob)/12;
end;
/
insert into patient values('P200','SHIPRA','10-Feb-2002','F',7800923938,'Manali Road','');
select * from patient where pat_id='P200';
2. Create a table EMP_SALARY with attributes ID, Basic, DA, HRA, Deduction, Net_Salary. Here, ID
refers the Staff_ID of staff table. Treat ‘Net_Salary’ as a derived attribute and don’t insert a value
through insert operation. The value for Net Salary can be calculated as follows;
Net_Salary = Basic + DA + HRA – Deduction
Write a Trigger to perform the following; whenever new staff is recruited and a designation is
assigned, insert an appropriate record into EMP_SALARY table. Refer the following table for salary
details.
Code:
CREATE TABLE EMP_SALARY(
ID VARCHAR(4) PRIMARY KEY,
BASIC NUMBER NOT NULL,
DA NUMBER NOT NULL,
HRA NUMBER NOT NULL,
DEDUCTION DECIMAL(2,1) NOT NULL,
NET_SALARY NUMBER NOT NULL
);
create or replace trigger Staff_info
after insert on Staff for each row
begin
CASE :new.designation
WHEN 'Staff nurse' THEN insert into EMP_SALARY
VALUES(:new.staff_id,6000,2000,2000,2,'');
WHEN 'Head nurse' THEN insert into EMP_SALARY
VALUES(:new.staff_id,8000,2500,3000,2,'');
WHEN 'Technician' THEN insert into EMP_SALARY
VALUES(:new.staff_id,6000,2000,2000,2,'');
WHEN 'Senior technician' THEN insert into EMP_SALARY
VALUES(:new.staff_id,9000,2500,3500,2.5,'');
WHEN 'Junior attender' THEN insert into EMP_SALARY
VALUES(:new.staff_id,5000,1500,2000,2,'');
WHEN 'Senior attender' THEN insert into EMP_SALARY
VALUES(:new.staff_id,6500,2000,2000,2,'');
END CASE;
end;
/
create or replace trigger salary_info
before insert on EMP_SALARY for each row
begin
:new.net_salary := :new.BASIC+:new.DA+:new.HRA(:new.DEDUCTION/100*:new.BASIC);
end;
/
insert into Staff values('S016','Aditi','Nurse','Staff nurse','10-Apr1997',9010262645,'Railway
Road',’D201’);
select * from EMP_SALARY;