Transport Safety and Security االمن و السالمة فى النقل E 1 د .حــاتم عبدالجـواد 2021 TRANSPORTATION Movement of goods and people from one place to another Modes of Transport 1- Road Transportation 2- Rail Transportation 3- Water Transportation 4- Air Transportation 5- Pipeline Transportation Introduction - 1 • Transport has always been associated with the risk of death, injury and the destruction of property. • From the earliest days people have been thrown from horses and fallen out of canoes. • Travel on the rudimentary roads of two hundred years ago was very hazardous, as was venturing out on the ocean without proper navigational aids, or traveling on river steamboats that routinely exploded and sank. • The advent of mass transport simply turned private, localized, grief into public spectacles in the form of shipwrecks, train crashes, and aviation disasters. Introduction-2 • While it is tempting to think that the risks are much higher in our technological world where we speed across the ground at 100 mph or more, or defy gravity in an aluminum tube some five miles above the surface, you would be wrong. • The improvements continue. The risks in all modes of transport have fallen by at least half since the 1950s. Yet the absolute level of harm is still very high. • Even in a technologically advanced economy such as the United States, one in 6,000 of the population dies each year due to transport crashes (note that safety professionals prefer the word “crash” to “accident” because the latter suggests that occurrence is due to pure fate and cannot be influenced by human decisions). • The annual death toll of about 44,000 represents half of all accidental fatal injuries when one includes workplace injuries but excludes homicides and suicides. Security What is Security? • The term Security is broadly used to refer to the protection of individuals, organizations, and assets against external threats and criminal activities that can be directed to such entities hence rendering them inactive. • It is important to note that security is highly focused on the deliberate actions that are geared towards inflicting harm to an individual, organization, or even assets. • Security: is protection against intended incidents. Wanted incidents happen due to a result of deliberate and planned act. Safety What is Safety? • The term safety is used to refer to the condition of being protected from the aspects that are likely to cause harm. • In addition, the term safety can be used to refer to the state at which one has the control of the risk causing aspects hence protecting himself or herself against risk that is fully unintended. • Safety: is protection against random incidents. Random incidents are unwanted incidents that happen as a result of one or more coincidences. Difference Between Safety and Security Item By Definition Emotional Aspects External vs. Internal Deliberate and unintended Coverage Security Protection against external threats It is a Physical aspect External Safety Protection against internal threats It is a Emotional aspect internal Deliberate Threats Broad Coverage Unintended Threats Narrow Coverage 1- Definition Aspect • One of the primary difference between the two terms is their definition. • Security refers to the protection of individuals, organizations, and properties against external threats that are likely to cause harm. • It is clear that security is generally focused on ensuring that external factors do not cause trouble or unwelcome situation to the organization, individuals, and the properties within the premises. • On the other hand, safety is the feeling of being protected from the factors that causes harm. It is also important to highlight that an individual who controls the risk causing factors has the feeling of being safe. 2- Emotional Aspect • The second difference is that the feeling of being safe is an emotional aspect while security has to do with physical aspect. • An individual feels safe when he or she is embraced by the loved ones which means that his or her emotional safety has been taken care of. • Similarly, young children have the sense of being safe when they are close to their mother or father because he or she provides for both emotional and physical aspect. • On the other hand, the aspect of security comes with physical aspects like tall walls that are protecting an individual from external threats. In addition, an individual has the sense of security if he or she has a physical weapon like gun that can be used to deal with external threats. 3- External Versus Internal • It is important to highlight that security is mostly an external affair while safety is an internal aspect. • People looking for security ensure that they are highly protected against external factors that are likely to harm them. • Security analyst and the forces mandated with ensuring security secure the perimeter of the organization, assets, or even an individual hence shielding against any external threats. • A person might have large security force but may be feeling the absence of safety, especially if he or she does not have peace with personal being. 4- Deliberate and Unintended • The other notable difference between security and safety is that security is the protection against deliberate threats while safety is the aspect of being secure against unintended threats. • People and properties are usually protected against deliberate threats that are caused by criminals who have the intention to sabotage the operations of the company, steal resources of the organization, or harm an individual. This means that security is geared towards the protection against criminal activities that are perpetuated by criminals. • On the other hand, the safety of a person is mostly installed so that a person can be protected against unintended accidents. For example, individuals are required to wear safety clothes in an organization that deals with chemicals so that they can be protected against the accidents. 5- Coverage: • The broadness at which each term covers seems to be significantly different. Security is a major affair that covers a wide area and goes even further to be an international aspect. • Countries ensure the safety of their citizens by instilling security measures at the borders and at their airspace. • One of the major roles of the government is to provide sufficient security, especially against external threats. • Safety does not cover wide coverage and usually involves the premises of a house, company, and institution. • It is also essential to highlight that there can be not safety if security is not guaranteed.
