PAKISTAN STUDIES
Political and Constitutional
Development of Pakistan
1959-2020
Course Facilitator:
Inayatullah Magsi
Lecturer, Allied Subjects Department
Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi-Pakistan
Iskandar Mirza & Ayub Khan
 Iskandar Mirza’s rule was becoming
increasingly unpopular after dissolution
of so many Prime Ministers and
Ministers.
 On 7 October 1958, Iskandar Mirza
proclaimed martial law with himself as
President and Ayoub Khan as a Martial
Law Administrator.
 On 27 October 1958, Ayoub Khan
forced Mirza to resign.
CONSTITUTION OF 1962
The constitution of 1962 was enforced on
1 March 1962 but implemented on 8
June 1962.
 Written Constitution
 Democratic Islamic Republic
 Federal State
 Rigid Constitution
 Fundamental Rights
 Referendum
Cont.…
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Indirect Election
Presidential Form of Government
Unicameral Legislature
Basic Democracies (Electoral College)
Independence of Judiciary
Rights of Minorities
Islamic way of Life
National Language (Urdu and Bangle)
Political Development: 1969-73
 Once again Martial Law was enforced by
General Yahya Khan on 25 March 1969.
 General Elections were held in 1970.
 War of Indo-Pakistan: 1971.
 Separation of Bengal as Bangladesh on
16 December 1971.
 On 20 December 1971, Zulfiqar Ali
Bhutto was appointed as 1st Civilian
Chief Martial Law Administrator.
CONSTITUTION OF 1973
The Constitution of 1973 was
implemented on 14 August 1973.
 Written Constitution
 Islamic System
 Rigid Constitution
 Federal System
 Parliamentary form of Government
Cont.…
 Bicameral Legislature (The Majlis-e-Shoora
(Parliament) consists of two Houses named Senate and
National Assembly. The Senate / the Upper House
consists of 104 members and the National Assembly /
Lower House consists of 342 members).
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Direct Method of Election
Fundamental Rights
Independence of Judiciary
National Language (Urdu)
Referendum
Political Development: 1977-88
 Fourth Martial Law was enforced by
General Zia-ul-Haq on 5 July 1977.
 After the Presidential referendum of
December 1984, elections were held in
1985 on a non-party basis. President Ziaul-Haq nominated Muhammad Khan
Junejo as the Prime Minister of Pakistan
on 20 March 1985.
 Jonejo’s government was dissolved on 29
May 1988. General Zia-ul-Haq was died in
a plane crash on 17 August 1988.
Political Changes: 1988-99
 Benazir Bhutto From 1988 to 1990.
 Nawaz Sharif From 1990 to 1993.
 Benazir Bhutto From 1993 to 1996.
 Nawaz Sharif From 1997 to 1999.
 No Prime Minister From 1999 to 2002.
 Mir Zafarullah Jamali From 2002 to
2004.
 Ch: Shujaat Hussain From 2004 to
2004.
Cont.…
 Shaukat Aziz From 2004 to 2007.
 Yousaf Raza Gillani From 2008 to 2012.
 Raja Pervaiz Ashraf From 2012 to
2013.
 Nawaz Sharif From 2013 to 2017.
 Shahid Khaqan Abbasi From 2017 to
2018.
 Imran Khan From 2018 to date.
Political Changes: 1988-99
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Benazir Bhutto From 2 December 1988 to. 6 August 1990.
Nawaz Sharif From 6 November 1990 to 18 July 1993.
Benazir Bhutto From 19 October 1993 to 5 November 1996.
Nawaz Sharif From 17 February 1997 to 12 October 1999.
No Prime Minister From 12 October 1999 to 23 November
2002.
Mir Zafarullah Jamali From 23 November 2002 to 26 June 2004.
Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain From 30 June 2004 to 26 August
2004. Shaukat Aziz From 28 August 2004 to 15 November
2007.
Yousaf Raza Gillani From 25 March 2008 to 19 June 2012.
Raja Pervaiz Ashraf From 22 June 2012 to 24 March 2013.
Nawaz Sharif From 5 June 2013 to 28 July 2017.
Shahid Khaqan Abbasi From 1 August 2017 to 31 May 2018.
Imran Khan From 18 August 2018 to date.
THANK YOU