Name_________________________ DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis Study Guide 1. DNA stands for ________________________________________. 2. Name the three scientists who contributed to the discovery of DNA. a. ______________________ b._____________________ c._____________________ 3. DNA forms a structure or shape called a _________________________. 4. DNA has four complementary base pairs: _______________, ________________, _______________, and ______________, where ______ pairs with ______ and ______ pairs with ______. 5. ____________________ is the process by which DNA is copied. This process occurs in the ________________ of the cell. 6. Replicate the following strand of DNA. GAA-TCA-CGT-ATG _________________________ 7. DNA contains the sugar ______________________, and RNA contains ______________. 8. One way to obtain someone’s DNA is by ____________________ 9. RNA stands for ________________________________________. 10. RNA produces _______________________. 11. There are three types of RNA: _______________________, ____________________, ______________________. 12. Unlike DNA which is made up of ______ strands, RNA has ______ strand. 13. RNA has four complementary base pairs: _______________, ________________, _______________, and ______________, where ______ pairs with ______ and ______ pairs with ______. 14. Proteins are made up of “building blocks” called ___________. 15. ____________________ is the process by which DNA becomes RNA. This occurs in the _______________. 16. ____________________ is the process by which RNA produces proteins. This occurs in the _______________. 17. The bonding of amino acids produces a chain called a ___________________. 18. A _____________________ occurs when a small amount of DNA is changed. Name_________________________ 19. Transcribe the DNA sequence. 20. Translate the RNA sequence. AAC- TAG-GGT UCC- CUA-GUU ____________________ _____________________ 21. Use the decoding wheel to determine the amino acid. mRNA GCG UAG UGG AUG CCA Amino Acid