Solenoid
digabungkan
dengan teras besi
lembut. Dipanggil:
Combined with soft
iron core. It is called:
(a) Corak medan magnet
yang dihasilkan oleh
konduktor yang membawa
arus bergantung pada
2
1
h
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konduktor.
The pattern of magnetic field
produced by a currentcarrying conductor depends
on the
conductor used.
6
Suis ditutup
Bekalan Closed
kuasa
switc
o-c
a.t.
d.c.
power
supply
yang
menunjukkan
Arus mengalir masuk ke dalam kertas
Current flows into the paper
(a) Apabila dua wayar membawa arus yang sama dan dalam arah yang
sama, kekuatan medan magnet paduan yang dihasilkan adalah
of the
(b) Garis medan magnet
Arus mengalir keluar dari kertas
Current flows out of the paper
Elektromagnet
An Electromagnet
Pin lukisan
Drawing pin
dan corak yang dihasilkan adalah
Teras besi
on core
Dawai
kuprum
bertebat
Insulated
copper
wire
When two wires are carrying the same current and in the same direction, the
strength of the resultant magnetic field produced is
and the
pattern is the
Kekuatan medan magnet bertambah dengan
The strength of the magnetic field is increased by:
(i) menggunakan arus yang lebih
The magnetic field
using a
(a) Apabila arus mengalir melalui gegelung, teras
lines which are
besi lembut menjadi
. represent a
(ii)
dalam gegelung.
current through the coil.
bilangan lilitan gegelung
the number of turns in the coil
When a current flows through the coil, the soft iron
core becomes
(c) Garis medan magnet
di tengah adalah lebih
padat antara satu
sama lain disebabkan
(b) Apabila arus dalam gegelung dihentikan, teras
Arah medan magnet dan
kompas memplot
The direction of the magnetic
field and the plotting compass
besi lembut kehilangan
When the current in the coil is switched off, the soft
iron core loses its
(c) Kekuatan elektromagnet ini bergantung kepada:
Aplikasi elektromagnet
Applications of electromagnetism
The strength of the electromagnet depends on:
w
g
(i)
The magnetic field lines in
the middle are closer to one
another because they are
g
(ii)
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(iv)
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+
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Arah jarum kompas memplot
menunjukkan arah medan
magnet.
(iii)
M
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3
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The direction of the compass
needle indicates the direction of the
magnetic field.
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•
MODUL • Fizik TINGKATAN 5
1
Perbandingan teras besi lembut dan teras besi keluli.
Comparison between soft iron core and steel core.
Teras besi lembut
Teras keluli
Soft iron core
Steel core
Mudah
dan
Easily
Susah dimagnetkan dan dinyahmagnetkan
Difficult to be magnetised and demagnetised
and
Sesuai untuk menjadi magnet
Suitable to be a
2
Sesuai untuk menjadi magnet
magnet (electromagnet)
Suitable to be a
Terminologi
Penerangan
Terminology
Explanation
magnet
Medan magnet
Magnetic field
Elektromagnet
An electromagnet
3
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kekuatan medan magnet suatu elektromagnet. Factors
affecting the strength of the magnetic field of an electromagnet.
Faktor
Penerangan
Factor
Explanation
(a) Arus elektrik
Electric current
(b) Bilangan lilitan
wayar
Number of turns of
wire
(c) Jenis teras
Apabila arus
, kekuatan medan magnet
When the current is
, the strength of the magnetic field
Apabila bilangan lilitan wayar
, maka kekuatan medan magnet
When the number of turns of wire is
, the strength of the magnetic field
Teras yang
Type of material of
core
mempunyai kekuatan medan magnet yang
mempunyai
lembut boleh
yang melaluinya.
materials of the core have
. A soft iron core is able to
(d) Bentuk teras
besi
The shape of the
iron core
Teras besi
of magnetic field. Soft iron core has the
through it.
mempunyai medan magnet yang lebih kuat
kerana teras besi berbentuk-U mempunyai dua
daripada
kutub yang bertentangan bersebelahan antara satu sama lain dan hasilnya garis medan
magnet tertumpu dalam ruang di antara dua kutub.
iron core has a
magnetic field than the straight iron core because
A
U-shaped iron core has two opposite poles adjacent to each other and as a result the magnetic field lines
are concentrated in space between the poles.
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MODUL • Fizik TINGKATAN 5
Menentukan kutub hujung solenoid
Determining the poles of a solenoid
Lihat arah arus dari setiap hujung solenoid.
Jika arah arus mengikut arah jam, hujung solenoid itu ialah kutub selatan.
Jika arah arus mengikut arah lawan jam, hujungnya ialah kutub utara.
Look at the direction of the current from each end of the solenoid.
If the direction of the current is clockwise, the viewed end of the solenoid is the south pole.
If the direction of the current is anticlockwise, the viewed end is the north pole.
Arah ikut jam
Clockwise
Arah lawan jam
Anticlockwise
Kutub selatan
Kutub utara
South pole
North pole
4 Melukis corak medan magnet yang disebabkan oleh: Draw
the pattern of the magnetic field due to:
(a) Arus dalam wayar lurus
Current in a straight wire
(b) Arus dalam gegelung tunggal
Current in a single coil
(c) Arus dalam solenoid
Current in a solenoid
Penyelesaian
Solution
Penyelesaian
Solution
Penyelesaian
Solution
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MODUL • Fizik TINGKATAN 5
Untuk menentukan kekuatan elektromagnet To
determine the strength of an electromagnet
Mengkaji hubungan antara kekuatan
elektromagnet dengan arus
To investigate the relationship between the strength of
an electromagnet and the current
Mengkaji hubungan antara kekuatan
elektromagnet dengan bilangan lilitan solenoid
To investigate the relationship between the strength of an
electromagnet and the number of turns of the solenoid
Inferens
Inference
Hipotesis
Hypothesis
Tujuan
Aim
Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasi:
Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasi:
Manipulated variable:
Manipulated variable:
Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas:
Pemboleh
ubah dalam
experiment
Variables in
the experiment
Responding variable:
Responding variable:
Pemboleh ubah dimalarkan:
Pemboleh ubah dimalarkan:
Fixed variable:
Senarai
bahan dan
radas
Ammeter, wayar penyambung, reostat, kaki
retort, suis, bekalan kuasa a.t., teras besi lembut,
solenoid, paku besi kecil dan bekas plastik.
Ammeter, wayar penyambung, reostat, kaki retort,
suis, bekalan kuasa a.t., teras besi lembut, solenoid,
paku besi kecil dan bekas plastik.
List of
materials and
apparatus
Ammeter, connection wires, rheostat, retort stand, switch,
d.c. supply, soft iron core, solenoid, small iron nails and
plastic container.
Ammeter, connection wires, rheostat, retort stand, switch,
d.c. supply, soft iron core, solenoid, small iron nails and
plastic container.
Solenoid
Teras besi
lembut
Susunan
radas
Arrangement
of the
apparatus
Solenoid
Solenoid
Teras besi
lembut
Soft iron
core
Soft iron
core
/
Paku besi
kecil
Small iron
nails
Solenoid
0
Bekas
plastik
Plastic
container
Small iron
nails
/
0
Bekas
plastik
Plastic
container
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MODUL • Fizik TINGKATAN 5
Prosedur
Procedure
Penjadualan
data
Tabulation of
data
A
Analisis data
Analysis of
the data
0
0
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