Vancouver Referencing
(Numeric System)
Prepared by: Dr.Dino
For: Department of Science; Kang Chiao International School
Why do we cite?
Overview
How do we cite?
Required information
In-text
➡ Format
➡ Typography
References
➡ Format
WHY DO WE CITE?
When you refer to another piece of work you must always
acknowledge the source of that information. This enables
you:
to not plagiarise;
to acknowledge the work of other people;
to allow a reader to distinguish your ideas from someone
else’s; and
To show that your argument / point is supported by
evidence: this will enhance the quality of your work.
It’s about academic honesty: it is important to get into the
spirit of giving credit for other peoples’ work.
Ref: Adapted from Harvard Guide to Using Sources; Harvard University
HOW DO WE CITE?
How do we cite?
There are many citation styles available.
Humanities: MLA
Science
Social Science: APA
Natural Science: Vancouver / Numeric; CSE; and IEEE (to name
but three)
Each department of each university has their preferred citation style; you
need to consult with your university professor to see which one is required.
For the Department of Science at Kang Chiao International School (KCIS),
a precise form of numeric citation will be used: Imperial College Vancouver.
REQUIRED INFORMATiON
References are built with lots of key bits of information,
such as the ones listed below.
1. Author or editor
2. Date of publication/broadcast/recording
3. Title of the item
Ref: Adapted from Citing and Referencing: Vancouver Style; Imperial College, London
Ref: Adapted from Citing and Referencing: Vancouver Style; Imperial College, London
IN-TEXT
FORMAT
References should be enclosed in square brackets and
then placed in superscript.
The first in-text reference should be labelled as 1.
Subsequent references should be numbered in a
sequential manner. This applies to references for tables
and figures.
FORMAT
Single Author
—> “Einstein first met Curie at a conference in Brussel,
Belgium[1].”
If a reference is repeated, use the original reference
number.
—> “Both Curie and Einstein contributed much to the
understanding and development of science[1] and
especially to the concept to equality[2] and equity[1].”
You can use the author’s name in your text, but you must
insert the citation number as well.
—> As emphasised by Rogers[2], carers of diabetes
sufferers ‘require perseverance and an understanding of
humanity’ (p.1).
Ref: Adapted from Citing and Referencing: Vancouver Style; Imperial College, London
FORMAT
Two authors / different work
Use a comma to separate the two references.
—> Einstein first met Curie at a conference in Brussel,
Belgium[1, 2].”
—> According to Stark[1] and Banner[2], Einstein first met
Curie at a conference in Brussel, Belgium.
FORMAT
Two + authors / same work
Use ‘et al.’ and then place the reference.
—> Einstein first met Curie at a conference in Brussel,
Belgium[1].”
—> According to Thor et al.[1], Einstein first met Curie at a
conference in Brussels, Belgium.
superscript and subscript - support
Apple Pages: https://tinyurl.com/y98tf9ja
Google Docs: https://tinyurl.com/y8exbotd
Microsoft Word: https://tinyurl.com/y8exbotd
References
FORMAT
This is the list of all the sources used in the text of your
work.
When using the Vancouver style, the reference list
should be in number order matches the number in the
text.
The list should be at the end of your work.
Ref: Adapted from Citing and Referencing: Vancouver Style; Imperial College, London
NAME(s)
Single Author
Einstein A.
Gibbs JW.
Two authors
Einstein A, Gibbs, JW.
Three authors
Einstein, A, Gibbs, JW, and Curie, MS.
EXAMPLE
REFERENCES
(1) Errami M, Garner H. A tale of two citations.
Nature. 2008;451(7177): 397–399.
(2) Watkins PJ. ABC of Diabetes. 5th ed. London:
Blackwell Publishing; 2003.
(3) Simons NE, Menzies B, Matthews M. A Short
Course in Soil and Rock Slope Engineering. London:
Thomas Telford Publishing; 2001.
(4) Goldacre B. Dore – the media’s miracle cure for
dyslexia. Bad Science. Weblog. Available from: http://
www.badscience.net/2008/05/dore-the-mediasmiracle-cure-for-dyslexia/#more-705 [Accessed 19th
June 2015].
academic journal
REFERENCES
✓ Family name & Initial —> Title —>
Publication —> Year —> Volume —> Issue —>
Page numbers
(1) Errami M, Garner H. A tale of two
citations. Nature. 2008; 451 (7177): 397–399.
WEBSITE
REFERENCES
Family name & Initial —> Title —> Name of website —>
Type of site —> Weblink —> [Accessed date]
(4) Goldacre B. Dore – the media’s miracle
cure for dyslexia. Bad Science. Weblog.
Available from: http://www.badscience.net/
2008/05/dore-the-medias-miracle-cure-fordyslexia/#more-705 [Accessed 19th June
2015].
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IMPERIAL VANCOUVER
NUMERIC SYSTEM