Name:______________________ Date:________ Class:______
Ch. 4 Survey of Chemistry (Slot Notes)
Lesson 3: The Properties of Water
The Structure of ______________
Two ______________ atoms bonded to an ______________
atom form a ______________ molecule.
● ______________
Each end of a water molecule has a slight ______________
charge.
● These charges are caused by the way atoms in a water
molecule ______________ electrons.
The ______________ end of a water molecule has a slight
______________ charge.
The ______________ ends have slight ______________
charges.
Water is a ______________ substance because it is a molecule
that has electrically charged areas.
“______________ Attract” - Objects with ______________
charges are ______________ to each other.
● The ______________ hydrogen ends of one water
molecule attract the ______________ oxygen ends of
nearby water molecules. As a result, water molecules tend
to ______________ together.
The ______________ of water include:
●
●
●
●
______________ Action
Surface ______________
The ability to ______________ many substances
High ______________ Heat
Capillary ______________
The combined force of attraction among water molecules and
with the molecules of surrounding materials is called
______________ action.
● Capillary action allows water to ______________ through
materials that have ______________ in them.
______________ Tension
______________ ______________ is the tightness across the
surface of water that is caused by water’s polar molecules
pulling on one another.
● The molecules at the surface are being ______________ by
the molecules next to them and below them.
● The pulling forces the surface of water into a
______________ shape.
______________ ______________
Any substance that dissolves another substance is called a
______________ .
______________ dissolves so many substances that is called the
“universal solvent.”
● The ______________ ends of the water molecule attract
●
the molecules of other ______________ substances.
It ______________ solids, liquids, and gases.
Specific ______________
______________ ______________ is the amount of heat needed
to increase the temperature of a certain mass of a substance by
1°C.
● Water has a very ______________ specific heat and
requires a lot of heat to ______________ its temperature.
○ As a result, large bodies of water can
______________ a large amount of ______________
energy.
Three ______________ of Water
● Ice is ______________ water.
● The familiar form of water is ______________.
● The water vapor in the air is a ______________.
The molecules in liquid water move ______________, bouncing
off one another.
As more ______________ is added to the liquid water, the
______________ of the molecules increases and the temperature
______________.
Boiling
At ______________ , the water ______________ . This is a
______________ of state.
● The molecules have enough energy to ______________ the
liquid and become invisible ______________
______________.
The molecules in a ______________ move even more
______________ than those in a liquid.
Evaporation
______________ is the process by which molecules at the
surface of a liquid absorb enough energy to change to the
______________ state.
Condensation
The process by which a gas changes to a liquid is called
______________.
As water vapor ______________ down, it releases some of its
energy to its surroundings.
● The molecules ______________ down and the temperature
decreases.
● As the temperature of the gas ______________ , the water
vapor begins to change back to the ______________ state.
______________
When liquid water is cooled, the molecules ______________
energy.
● They start to move more ______________ .
At ______________ , the liquid water freezes, changing into
solid ______________.
______________
As you heat ice, the molecules start moving ______________.
● The temperature ______________ .
● When the temperature reaches ______________, the solid
ice ______________ and becomes ______________ water.