Connected Speech
In spoken discourse the boundaries between
words are very often not clear-cut. Words and
sounds are lost and linked together in different
ways to enable us to articulate with minimal
movement.
ASSIMILATION
• This articulatory adjustment involves a process
by which “sounds are influenced by
neighboring sounds and come to share some
phonetic characteristics”
• It only affects consonant sounds. It is likely to
occur in rapid and informal speech.
/t/
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/p/
before /p, b, m/
that pool
/ðæp puːl/
Put back
/pʊp bæk/
That man
/ðæp puːl/
Cabinet member /kæbɪnəp membər/
Practice
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Hot potato
That pen
Commitment
It`s not about money
Your seat belt
I went for it before
He went back
Great Britain
/d/ /b/
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good man
bad behaviour
denied making
Lord Peter Grey
should be
avoid packing
before /p, b, m/
/ˈgʊb ˈmæn/
/ˈbæb bɪˈheɪvjə/
dɪˈnaɪb ˈmeɪkɪŋ/
/ˈlɔ:b pi:tə ˈgreɪ/
/ˈʃʊb bi/
/əˈvɔɪb ˈpækɪŋ/
Practice
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Record player
Food poisoning
Good people
Over my dead body
Good brother
He could make it
Red markers
/n/
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/m/
before /p, b, m/
on Monday
/ɒm ˈmʌndeɪ
on probation ɒm prəˈbeɪʃn/
can be
/kəm ˈbi:/
/kəm ˈmiːn/
can mean
in Burger King /ɪm ˈbɜːgə ˈkɪŋ/
can purchase
/kəm ˈpɜ:tʃəs/
Practice
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In Britain
In public places
I`ve found part of it
When Bob was here
Garden party
Check that input
On my behalf
In my option
/t/ /k/
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get caught
not calm
get going
let go
before /k, g/
/s/ /ʃ/ (sh)
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in case you need it.
this year
miss you
Nice shoes
before /j/
Practice
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This ship
Express yourself
Less charm
Over the last six years
This year
/t/ + /j/ →/tʃ/
• Put you
• Meet you
• Let you
/d/ + /j/ →/dʒ/
• Did you
• Could you
• Would you
1. Work in pairs please.
2. Where's the next stop?
3. Is this your first visit to New York?
4. In ten minutes tell me all about you.
5. Not many people have best friends.
6. At present, people work longer hours than
before.
1Could you rephrase your answer please?
2 Did Carol buy a new dress yesterday?
3. Send the essay by email and don't forget to
write your name and group.
4 She said she would come in case it caused
trouble
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1 Don´t you like staying at your place on
weekends?
2 She already wrote one hundred words in
pencil.
3 Let me introduce you to Brian
• 4 What d'you call a person who studies the
human mind?
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• On a recent trip to Africa with seven grandsons, my
main goal was just to keep them, and myself, in good
health. Here I present useful travel hints from wellinformed professional sources. - Any water you drink or
use to brush your teeth must come from a sealed
bottle that you open. - Pack an ample supply of
sunscreen, insect repellent and a first-aid kit. - Reduce
your exposure to germs by washing your hands often. Consider carrying a card that lists your blood type. - As
blood clots can be life-threatening, stop taking
medication that can increase the risk of a clot three
days before travelling.
• /ɒn ə ˈri:snt trɪp tu ˈæfrɪkə wɪð ˈsevŋ ˈgrænsʌnz
maɪ ˈmeɪŋ ˈgəʊl wəʒ dʒəs tə ki:p ˈðem əm
maɪˈself ɪŋ ˈgʊdˈhelθ/ ˈhɪər aɪ prɪˈzentʃu:sfl ˈtrævl
hɪnts frm ˈwel ɪnfɔ:m prəˈfeʃnl sɔ:sɪz / eni ˈwɔ:tə
ju ˈdrɪŋk ə ˈju:z tə brʌʃ ʃɔ: ˈtiːθ məs ˈkʌm frm ə ˈsi:l
ˈbɒtl ðətʃu əʊpn / pæk ən ˈæmpl səplaɪ əv
ˈsʌnskri:n / ˈɪnsek rɪpelənt ən ə ˈfɜ:st ˈaɪg kɪt
/rɪˈdʒu:ʃ ʃɔ:r ɪkˈspəʊʒə tə ˈdʒɜ:mz baɪ ˈwɒʃɪŋ
jɔ: ˈhænz ɒfn / kənsɪdə ˈkæriɪŋ ə ˈkɑ:d ðət lɪsʃ
ʃɔ: ˈblʌd taɪp / əz ˈblʌg klɒts km bi ˈlaɪf θretnɪŋ
/ ˈstɒp teɪkɪŋ
medɪˈkeɪʃn ðək kn ɪŋˈkri:s ðə
rɪsk əv ə klɒt ˈθri: deɪz bɪfɔ: ˈtrævlɪŋ//
• In Big Brother, ten people, called “housemates”,
spend two months in a house not being aware of
outside events. No matter how crazy it may
seem, what you see on TV is what goes on in the
house since everything is monitored on camera
and screened permanently. The attraction of
programs of this kind is usually difficult to
explain. But perhaps it could be that these shows
seem to tell stories of ordinary people with real
lives that have decided to participate so as to gain
popularity.
• /ɪm ˈbɪg ˈbrʌðə / ˈtem ˈpiːpl̩ kɔːld ˈhaʊsmeɪts spen ˈtu:
ˈmʌns ɪn ə ˈhaʊs ˈnɒp biːɪŋ əˈweər əv ˈaʊtsaɪd ɪˈvents
/ ˈnəʊ ˈmætə haʊ ˈkreɪzi ɪp meɪ ˈsiːm / wɒtʃu ˈsi: ɒn
tiːˈviːz wɒk ˈɡəʊz ˈɒn ɪn ðə ˈhaʊs
sɪnsˈevrɪθɪŋz ˈmɒnɪtəd ɒŋ ˈkæmərə ən ˈskriːm
ˈpɜːmənəntli / ði əˈtrækʃn̩ əv ˈprəʊɡræmz əv ðɪs ˈkaɪnd
ɪʒ juːʒʊəli ˈdɪfɪklt tu ɪksˈpleɪn / bəp pəˈhæps ɪk kəb bi /
ðət ðiːʒ ˈʃəʊz siːm tə tel ˈstɔːriz əv ˈɔːdənri piːpl̩ wɪð
ˈrɪəl ˈlaɪvz ðət əv dɪˈsaɪdɪd tə pɑ:ˈtɪsɪpeɪt səʊ əz tə
ɡeɪm pɒpjəˈlærɪti /
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