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Objective:
To get data needed for managing sardine fisheries
Estimate of number of fishers/fisher groups by gear type
 allows extrapolating monitored landings to total catch
The right species composition
 At least get the major species right
Catch & effort data
 Amount caught (= landed + kept + discards)
 No. fishing trips/day
 catch rates (kg/trip) & trend through time
Size (length & weight) distribution of catches
 Length-weight relationship (to estimate weight from length)
Sex
 growth & development females  males
 sex ratios & trend through time
Sexual maturity
 size at maturity (smallest mature size  size at first maturity)
 determine size range of juveniles
 have not attained maturity yet; based on Lm50 or Wm50)
Location of fishing activity
 Use of “gridded” map of locality
 Catch composition
 Estimate of total catch
 Growth, mortality & exploitation
 Spatial distribution of fishing activities (effort) & catch rates
 Seasonal changes in fishing effort
 Seasonal abundance & spatial distribution of life stages
• Where to monitor?
 Major/minor landing sites?
 How many sites?
• What gear types to target?
• How to extrapolate to total catch?
 FGD with representatives of coastal barangays
• Build a picture of fisheries in fishing ground
• Initial characterization of the fishery
• Basis for selecting monitoring sites & identifying target gear types
 Fisheries profile
Campos, Guarte & Paraboles. 2015
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Fisheries Profiling
Wilfredo L. Campos, Donna M. Guarte & Liezel C. Paraboles
OceanBio Laboratory
Division of Biological Sciences College of Arts and Sciences
University of the Philippines Visayas 5023 Miag-ao, Iloilo
Octopus Data Gathering Protocol: Training of Trainers
B Hotel, QC 8-10 October 2019
What is Fisheries Profiling?
 characterization of a fishery including the ff:
 fishing ground
 catch (landing = fisheries production)
 what
 amount (rates)
 effort (fishers, vessels, gear units)
 where
 when
 how
Components of Fisheries Profile
 Total catch (landings)
 amount
 composition
 seasonality
 Fishing gear
 catch rate (kg/trip)
 no. of units by gear type
 spatial distribution (gear map)
 Fishers
 how many and what they use
 no. of fishers per operation by gear type
 Frequency of fishing (activity calendar)
 Fishing ground
 bathymetry and boundaries
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Importance of Fisheries Profiling
Information from key informants & PCRA
Initial mgt measures
Initial profile
Fishery Mgt Plan
formulation (effort/gear
regulations, MPA etc)
Feedback
Interventions &
adjustments to
plan
Enhanced mgt
Plan Implementation
and Compliance
Surveillance (MCS)
Monitoring
Evaluation/Impact
Assessment
Systematic
monitoring
(long-term)
Why conduct fisheries monitoring/profiling?
 to gather basic information
needed in order to manage
a fishery
? How do we get this
information?
? How can this information be
used for effective
management?
Where and how to get this information
 Key informants
 Focused group discussions (FGD)
Systematic monitoring
Campos, Guarte & Paraboles. 2015
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Focused Group Discussion
 assessment based on
structured interviews
 More detailed information
 Verification is allowed
Can generate:
- most information needed for
the profile
- sufficient information for
broad interventions
 When to use:
initial information as baseline
for larger/long term-studies
(systematic monitoring)
Organizing a Focused Group Discussion
1. Prepare a list of participants
inform the LGU (letter to the mayor)
Identify coastal barangays
Target participants
–
–
–
•
•
fishers/spouses, buyers, brgy official knowledgeable on
demographics
3-5 participants per brgy
2. Prepare for the FGD
You will need:
Map (drawing)
Pentel pens
and color pens
References w/
pictures
FGD matrix form on manila paper
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Conducting the Focused Group Discussion
 Orientation (rationale and purpose)
 Mechanics of FGD
In a typical FGD...
Discussion
leader
Documentor
keeper
What to do during FGD:
1. Fishing gear identification

-
Describe each fishing gear:
Local name ( std name)
Materials (net, mesh size, hook #)
Deployment (depth, habitat)
Operation (floating or submerged)
 Use of
drawings/illustrations
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Fishing Gears
Hook and Line
Kawil, taga (hook
and line)
Sibid-sibid (troll line)
Multiple hook and line
Traps (Bubo)
Gillnets (Pukot)
Palubog (Bottom set
gillnet)
Palutaw (Drift gillnet)
Dumbol (Drive-in gillnet)
Other Fishing Gears
Baklad (Fish corral)
Compressor diving
Sudsod (Pushnet)
Pamana (spearfishing
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What to do during FGD:
2. Identify the number of fishing gears/coastal barangay.
Municipality
Coastal
brgys
# of units
Fishing
gears
This is typically
the 1st sheet to
fill in
Followed by FGD
matrix sheets for
each barangay
What to do during FGD:
3. Fill out the FGD matrix
Guide questions:
 Average catch (kg) per trip?
 How many hours and fishers per trip?
 How many fishing trips per month?
 What months/season (amihan or habagat) w/ highest/lowest
or no catch?
 What are the target species/species caught ?
Do this for all the identified gears by brgy
This is how FGD matrix will look like
Catch composition
in local names
Campos, Guarte & Paraboles. 2015
Remarks: months
or seasons etc
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What to do during FGD:
4. Gear mapping
 a sketch of locality
 local names of islands or
islets
 rough isobaths (?)
 shoal areas
 habitat types
 approximate locations
of schools, chapels &
other landmarks
What to do during FGD:
4. Gear mapping
 Assign letters/legends
to fishing gears
 Fishers mark areas
where they frequently
fish (using colored
pens)
 Do the same for all the
identified gears
This is how it looks like:
Gear Map
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What to do during FGD:
 Issues and concerns
 Brief discussion on
how to address the
problems
 raise pts that need
clarification
5. Wrap up/summary of
the activity (discussion
leader)
Data Analysis and Summary
What to do with the data???
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FGD Matrix
Fishing gears
Encode as is in Excel
No. of
No. of No. of
No. of
Gear Ave
fishing
Peak
fishers/ fsihing
fishing
days/m
units kg/trip
months
trip hrs/trip
mo/yr
o
Kawil pangispada 191
17.4
2
9
10
12
Pangulong
28
298.5
25
7
10
12
Jan
Dalap
16
2
1
2
7
12
Nov
Lambat palubog
47
3.5
2
4
30
12
Lambat palutang
Lambat
pantanigue
Bayakus
Largarete
20
3
2 annual
4
15
Estimated
10 catch
3
9
15
Number
of fishing
30
30
20
2
20
trips or fisher-days
19
3
4
15
Jun-Jul espada
galoggong,tulingan,hiwas,gulyasan
banak,hipon
sapsap,tursilyo,manipis,espada,alum
Dec-Jan ahan
8
Dec
Fishing
12
calendar
Sep-Dec
7
9
Catch composition
lagitlit,alumahan,manansi,donpilas
gulyasan,tambakol,dolphin,marlin,
Catch composition
tangigue
dulong,sapsap,dulis,dilis,bulis
21
12.4
Dec-Feb donpilas,tulingan,dulong
Tansi
32
24.8
2
4
7
12
Nov-Dec galonggong,tulingan,dulong
Panti
44
6.1
2
4
7
12
Nov-Dec galonggong,sapsap,donpilas,
Sakag
54
0.5
1
3
10
12
Pahila
110
3
1
5
4
12
Kitang hayhay
115
8.6
2
3
27
12
Aug
banak,sapsap,manitis,paulang,
alimasag,hipon,maliit na isda
matambaka,tulingan,hasahasa,galonggong
Estimated Annual catch
EAC (mt) = (ave. kg/trip x no. of gear units
x no. of fishing days/mos.
x no. of fishing mos./yr.)/ 1000
Local Name
Pangulong
Kawil pangespada
Kitang hayhay
Bayakus
Kitang pang-ilalim
Loglog
Bobo
Tansi
Lambat palubog
Squid jigger
Largarete
Lambat pantanigue
Panti
Trammel net
Pahila
Lambat palutang
Sakag
Dalap
Gear
units
28
191
115
30
45
145
88
32
47
79
21
19
44
30
110
20
54
16
1,114
No. of
No. of
No. of
ave.
fishers/ fsihing fishing
kg/trip
trip
hrs/trip days/m
o
298.5
25
7
10
17.4
2
9
10
8.6
2
3
27
30
20
2
20
9.5
1
5
23
2
1
4
30
10
3
12
7
24.8
2
4
7
3.5
2
4
30
2
1
8
30
12.4
3
4
15
10
3
9
15
6.1
2
4
7
2
1
2
30
3
1
5
4
3
2
4
15
0.5
1
3
10
2
1
2
7
No. of
fishing
mo/yr
12
12
12
7
12
12
12
12
12
12
9
12
12
12
12
8
12
12
Est. annual
catch (MT)
1003.0
398.8
314.5
126.0
118.0
104.4
73.9
66.7
59.2
56.9
35.2
34.2
22.5
21.6
15.8
7.2
3.2
2.7
2,463.87
%
contrib
ution
40.7
16.2
12.8
5.1
4.8
4.2
3.0
2.7
2.4
2.3
1.4
1.4
0.9
0.9
0.6
0.3
0.1
0.1
100.0
Gear Calendar
 When and how often they fish
 What gear they use (gear seasonality)
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Species composition
Family
Carangidae
Local Name
Galonggong
Lagidlid
Manipis
Matambaka
Pula buntot
Salay-salay
Talakitok
Donpilas
Manansi
Pagi
Dilis
Dulong
Malasugi
Marlin
Sapsap
Clupeidae
Dasyatidae
Engraulidae
Istiophoridae
Leiognathidae
Information from FGD catch matrix
 % contribution of gears to the annual catch
 dominant/target species
 fishing seasonality
Traps
3%
Nets
56%
Hook
and
Line
41%
Catch composition of bottom set gillnet (lambat palubog)
Crabs &
shrimp
0.2%
Photololigo sp.
0.1%
lokus
Damo2x
Scomberoides
2.8%
sp.
15.3%
Other fish
26.8%
Gumaa
Sillago sp.
14.4%
Aso-os
Latab
Gerres sp.
5.1%
Pelates sp.
10.4%
Lambiyaw
assorted fish
11.6%
Campos, Guarte & Paraboles. 2015
Leiognathus
sp.
13.3%
Tabilos
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Gear Map
 approximation of gear
distribution in the area
 Give an idea as where
the fishing gears are
being used
Information derived from catch and effort table (FGD)
 Total estimated catch (mt/yr)
 Species composition of catch
 Dominant species in catch
 Seasonal abundance
 Composition by gear type
 Typical catch rates (kg/fisher/day)
 Dominant gear types
 % contribution of total catch
 % contribution of total trips
 Estimate of total no. of fishers
 no. of fishing trips by gear
Indicators of status of fishery
Baseline as reference for possible future changes
Basis for designing systematic monitoring scheme
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