Pronouns
Learning objective:
 Recognise and translate the common pronouns – hic, ille, is
 Understand how these pronouns can also be adjectives – this, that
Pronouns: hic, ille, is/ea/id
pro means ‘for’ or ‘in the place of’; pronouns stand in the place of nouns.
e.g.
I see the hat (noun – hat).
I see it (pronoun – it).
You need to learn the following tables. These look tricky at first, but look more carefully:
- The singular of ille and is are very similar to each other, and almost the same as the
singular of 1st and 2nd declension nouns
- The plurals of all three are the same as 1st and 2nd declension nouns (except for haec).
hic, haec, hoc = this, these (or e.g. ‘this man, him’ etc)
singular
m.
f.
n.
plural
m.
f.
n.
nom.
acc.
hic
hunc
haec
hanc
hoc
hoc
nom.
acc.
hi
hos
hae
has
haec
haec
ille, illa, illud = that, those (or e.g. ‘that woman, her’ etc)
singular
nom.
acc.
m.
ille
illum
is, ea, id
f.
illa
illam
n.
illud
illud
plural
nom.
acc.
m.
illi
illos
f.
illae
illas
n.
illa
illa
= he, she, it (or that, those); in accusative: him, her, it, them
singular
m.
transl.
f.
transl.
n.
transl.
nom.
acc.
gen.
dat
abl
is
eum
eius
ei
eo
he
him
of him, i.e. his*
to/for him
by/with/from him
ea
eam
eius
ei
ea
she
her
of her, i.e. her*
to/for her
by/with/from her
id
id
eius
ei
eo
it
it
of it, its
to/for it
by/with/from it
Plural
m.
f.
n.
transl.
nom.
acc.
gen.
dat.
abl.
ei
eos
eorum
eis
eis
eae
eas
earum
eis
eis
ea
ea
eorum
eis
eis
they
them
of them, i.e. their*
to/for them
by/with/from them
-
* e.g. liberi eius =
the children of him, i.e. his children
the children of her, i.e. her children
liberi eorum =
the children of them (m), i.e. their children
liberi earum =
the children of them (f), i.e. their children
Translate the following sentences:
-
1. eum eamque cognoscere volo.
2. amamus cum eis ambulare
3. ille hanc amat.
4. hi semper illud faciunt.
Pronouns used as adjectives
All three of these pronouns can be used as adjectives.
hic means ‘this’ or ‘these’. ille and is mean ‘that’ or ‘those’.
Translate the following sentences:
1. hi senes non celeriter ambulant.
2. imperator crudelis illas urbes delevit.
3. illa ancilla huic puellae plus cibi dedit.
4. duo servi illum puerum oppugnaverunt.
[huic = dative singular]
Translate these sentences into Latin:
1. I love that girl.
2. She gave the present to them.
3. Those slaves killed this king.
Complete these sentences.
1. illi mercatores sunt fideles.
…………………………………………… are loyal.
2. illam statuam spectare volo.
I want to look at ……………………………………
3. tu vides hanc villam?
Do you see …………………………………………… ?
4. illos libros legere non possum.
I cannot read …………………………………………
5. hoc templum est magnificum.
……………………………………… is magnificent.
6. haec est puella fortis.
…………………………………………… a brave girl.
7. illum gladiatorem videre vis?
Do you want to see ………………………………… ?
8. illae ancillae sunt ignavae.
………………………………………………. are lazy.
9. hi mercatores mendaces sunt.
……………………………………………… are liars.