Well Test Analysis with PIE. Course Contents M. Levitan, M. Wilson CONTENTS PART 1. FUNDAMENTALS OF WELL TESTING 1.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................... 1.1.1 DESCRIPTION OF A WELL TEST ................................................................................................................................. 1.1.2 TERMINOLOGY AND DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................................. 1.1.3 DATA REQUIREMENTS AND INFORMATION OBTAINED FROM WELL TESTS................................................................. 1.1.4 TYPES OF WELL TESTS ...................................................................................................................................... 1.1.5 OPERATIONAL TIPS............................................................................................................................................. 1.2 BASICS OF PRESSURE TRANSIENT ANALYSIS ........................................................................................... 1.2.1 WELL TEST INTERPRETATION METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................ 1.2.2 DARCY'S LAW............................................................................................................................................................ 1.2.3 FLOW STATES ............................................................................................................................................................ 1.3 THE RADIAL FLUID FLOW PROBLEM ........................................................................................................... 1.3.1 ASSUMPTIONS ........................................................................................................................................................... 1.3.2 DARCY'S LAW............................................................................................................................................................ 1.3.3 PRINCIPLE OF CONCERVATION OF MASS (CONTINUITY EQUATION) ........................................................................... 1.3.4 EQUATION OF STATE OF A CONSTANT COMPRESSIBILITY FLUID................................................................................ 1.3.5 DIFFUSIVITY EQUATION ............................................................................................................................................ 1.3.6 DIFFUSIVITY EQUATION IN DIMENSIONLESS FORM (SI UNITS) .................................................................................. 1.3.7 THE LINE SOURCE SOLUTION ..................................................................................................................................... 1.3.8 LOG APPROXIMATION ................................................................................................................................................ 1.3.9 RADIUS OF INVESTIGATION ....................................................................................................................................... PART 2. DATA INPUT AND DATA VALIDATION 2. DATA TYPES IN PIE ....................................................................................................................................................... 2.1 DATA PROCESSING PROCEDURE .................................................................................................................................. PART 3. PIE AND SUPERPOSITION 3.1 PRESSURE TRANSIENT BEHAVIOR AND RESERVOIR PROPERTIES ................................................................................. 3.2 SUPERPOSITION ............................................................................................................................................................ 3.3 SUPERPOSITION AND WELL TEST ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................. 3.3.1 TYPE-CURVE MATCHING............................................................................................................................................ 3.3.2 SUPEPOSITION TIME TRANSFORM .............................................................................................................................. 3.3.3 MULTI-WELL SUPERPOSITION .................................................................................................................................... 3.3.4 PRESSURE-RATE DECONVOLUTION ............................................................................................................................ PART 4. ANALYSIS PLOTS IN PIE 4.1 DATA PLOT ............................................................................................................................................................... 4.2 SUPERPOSITION PLOT.................................................................................................................................................... 4.3 DERIVATIVE PLOT ......................................................................................................................................................... PART 5. PRINCIPLE FLOW REGIMES & PARAMETER ESTIMATION 5 PRINCIPLE FLOW REGIMES............................................................................................................................................... 5.1 RELATING FLOW GEOMETRY AND PRESSURE BEHAVIOR .............................................................................................. 5.1.1 EXAMPLES ................................................................................................................................................................. 5.2 WELLBORE STORAGE .................................................................................................................................................... 5.2.1 DEFINITION ................................................................................................................................................................ 5.2.2 TIME ERROR CORRECTION ......................................................................................................................................... 5.2.3 CHANGING WELLBORE STORAGE ............................................................................................................................... 5.3 SKIN ............................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Well Test Analysis with PIE. Course Contents M. Levitan, M. Wilson 5.3.1 DEFINITION OF SKIN FACTOR ..................................................................................................................................... 5.3.2 EQUIVALENT WELLBORE RADIUS .............................................................................................................................. 5.3.3 RADIAL FLOW ............................................................................................................................................................ 5.3.4 SEMI-LOG EQUATION ................................................................................................................................................. 5.4 PARAMETER ESTIMATION IN PIE .................................................................................................................................. PART 6. SELECTING AND USING A TYPE-CURVE MODEL........................................................................... PART 7. RESERVOIR PRESSURE............................................................................................................................ 7.1 DEFINITIONS ................................................................................................................................................................. 7.2 APPLICATIONS OF RESERVOIR PRESSURE ...................................................................................................................... PART 8. GAS WELL TESTING ................................................................................................................................. 8.1 PSEUDO-PRESSURE TRANSFORM .................................................................................................................................. 8.2 MATERIAL BALANCE CORRECTION .............................................................................................................................. 8.2 RATE DEPENDENT SKIN................................................................................................................................................ PART 9. HORIZONTAL-WELL ANALYSIS. THEORY & PRACTICE ............................................................ PART 10. FACTORS COMPLICATING WELL TEST ANALYSIS .................................................................... PART 11. BASICS OF DECONVOLUTION ............................................................................................................. PART 12. TEST DESIGN ............................................................................................................................................. 2