An avenue is traditionally a
straight road with a line of
trees or shrubs running along
each side, which emphasize
arrival at a landscape or
architectural feature. *
A boulevard is usually a
widened, multi-lane
arterial street with a median
and landscaping between the
curbs and sidewalks on either
side
The building
envelope remains one of the
most important exterior
elements
for building functionality. While
the façade is an elegant
component that helps to define
the unique architectural
aesthetics of the building, it
also has the critical role related
to energy performance and
interior function of a building
Urban structure is the
arrangement of land use
in urban areas, in other
words, how the land use of
a city is set out. The built
environment encompasses
places and spaces created or
modified by people to serve
their needs of
accommodation, organization
and representation.
defined as the distinct,
recognizable and
consistent pattern of
elements in an area.
these patterns that give
each locality its 'sense of
place',
Ekistics concerns the
science of human
settlements, including
regional, city,
community planning
and dwelling design
Suburbanization
is a population
shift from
central urban
areas into suburbs
, resulting in the
formation
of (sub)urban
sprawl.
Gentrification is a highly
contested issue, in part
because of its stark
visibility. Gentrification has
the power to displace
low-income families or, more
often, prevent low-income
families from moving into
previously affordable
neighborhoods.
The term ‘urban fabric’
describes the physical
characteristics of urban areas,
that is, cities, and towns. This
includes
the streetscapes, buildings,
soft and
hard landscaping, signage, ligh
ting, roads and
other infrastructure. Urban
fabric can be thought of as the
physical texture of an urban
area.
The green belt is a specially
designated area of countryside
protected from most forms of
development. It is protected to
help stop urban sprawl,
preserve the character of
existing settlements and
encourage development within
existing built-up areas.