THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
QUE:1
EXPLAIN THE RELEVANCE OF ARCHITECTURE WITH ‘TIME AND SPACE & PEOPLE’
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
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Time, space and matter can fuse together in great architecture to allow for deep
human experiences.
In fact, time can literally and perceptually slow down under the right spatial
conditions and this may provide an idea to our instantaneous, speed-driven
contemporary lives.
Actually this time, space and people thing is basically related down to the human
instincts
How human colony has been formed and how it has evolved under the time and
through differentiation of all spaces that they have carved
Starting from when human have nonpermanent shelter they are wandering from
one place to another place
in search of food and basic necessary they stated evolving their own need and
living method
Then because of agriculture the started colonizing families
Now the boundaries and shelter have become more phenomenal
Barter system and transportation came into picture
Thus their houses and living got and social image
Portable huts now converted into big mud houses of mud and timber
Cluster formation stated
Community living concept came
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
•
It leads to formation of ancient civilisations
of…
• Indus valley
• Mesopotamian
• Egyptian
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After that they have stared building public facilities like…
• Public bath
• Common public grocery stores
• Government buildings
• Drainage system
• Road network
• Etc…
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
•
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This led them to develop a government structure
Structure of hierarchy
Grades of people according to social class
Leading such important buildings like…
• Ziggurats
• Dancing girl
• Hanging gardens of Babylonia
• Ishtar gate
• Etc…
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
• After the evolution of all these civilisation it leads us to the
development of modern civilisation like…
• Greek civilisation
• Roman civilisation
• Byzantine civilisation
• Early Christian civilisation
• Incan civilisation
• Etc…
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
• After the evolution of all these civilisation it is leading us to the Islamic
influence on Indian architecture
• Thus indo-islamic became the prominent style in Indian architecture
• Influence of Mughal empire made some famous palaces and buildings
in indo-Islamic style
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Jami mosque
Adhai din ka jopra
Humayun's tomb
Qutub complex
Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq’s tomb
Etc…
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
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After the Mughal empire we got the influence of british architecture style and
made a new style called colonial architecture
With this influence there have been such colonial buildings like…
• Viktoria memorial
• St. Paul's cathedral
• National library of calcutta
• Calcutta high court
• Bombay highcourt
• Chattrapati Shivaji terminus
• Parliament of India
• Rashtrapati bhavan
After the colonial we got the industrial revolution
It provided as new materials and new technology to built new typology of buildings
As we have got steel and concrete we made contemporary styled buildings
It leads to the modern era
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
•
We have got the modern architects like…
• Le Corbusier
• Luis Sullivan
• Mies vander rohe
• Frank loyd wright
• Frank ghery
• Etc…
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The have made some of the very famous buildings like…
• Villa savoye
• Villa sodhan
• Grild house
• Chicago tower
• Falling water
• Barcelona pavallion
• Etc..
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We have some famous architectural typological periods like…
• Mordanism
• Brutalism
• Deconstructivism
• Art deco
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
•
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Art navoyu
Destilji
Realism
Abstractism
Expressionism
Etc…
• Then after the postmodern we are now here with today’s so call
futuristic architectural style
• Thus we have evolved with time, space and consideration of people
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
QUE:2
ENLIST AND EXPLAIN BRIEFLY VARIOUS- ‘ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE’
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
PRIMARY ELEMENTS
POINT
•POINT INDICATES A POSITION A POINT
EXTENDED BECOMES A LINE WITH
PROPERTIES OF: - LENGTH - DIRECTION POSITION
•A LINE EXTENDED BECOMES A PLANE
WITH PROPERTIES OF: - LENGTH AND
WIDTH - SHAPE - SURFACE - ORIENTATION
– POSITION
• A PLANE EXTENDED BECOMES A VOLUME
WITH PROPERTIES OF: - LENGTH, WIDTH
AND DEPTH - FORM AND SPACE - SURFACE
- ORIENTATION - POSITION
LINE
PLAN
VOLUME
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
POINT A POINT MARKS A POSITION IN SPACE.
CONCEPTUALLY, IT HAS NO LENGTH, WIDTH OR
DEPTH, AND IS THEREFORE STATIC, CENTRALIZED,
DIRECTIONLESS. AS THE PRIME ELEMENT IN THE
VOCABULARY OF FORM,
A POINT CAN SERVE TO MARK: •THE TWO ENDS OF A LINE - THE INTERSECTION OF
TWO LINES - THE MEETING OF LINES AT THE CORNER
OF A PLANE OR VOLUME - THE CENTER OF A FIELD
ALTHOUGH A POINT THEORETICALLY HAS NEITHER
SHAPE NOR FORM, IT BEGINS TO MAKE ITS
PRESENCE FELT WHEN PLACED WITHIN A VISUAL
FIELD. AT THE CENTER OF ITS ENVIRONMENT, A
POINT IS STABLE AND AT REST, ORGANIZING
SURROUNDING ELEMENTS ABOUT ITSELF AND
DOMINATING ITS FIELD.
• WHEN THE POINT IS MOVED OFF-CENTER,
HOWEVER, ITS FIELD BECOMES MORE AGGRESSIVE
AND BEGINS TO COMPETE FOR VISUAL SUPREMACY.
•VISUAL TENSION IS CREATED BETWEEN THE POINT
AND ITS FIELD.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
A POINT HAS NO DIMENSION. TO VISIBLY MARK A POSITION IN SPACE OR ON THE GROUND PLANE, A
POINT MUST BE PROJECTED VERTICALLY INTO A LINEAR FORM, AS A COLUMN, OBELISK, OR TOWER. ANY
SUCH COLUMNAR ELEMENT IS SEEN IN PLAN AS A POINT AND THEREFORE RETAINS THE VISUAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF A POINT. OTHER POINT-GENERATED FORMS THAT SHARE THESE SAME VISUAL
ATTRIBUTES ARE THE
PIAZZA DEL CAMPIDOGLIO, ROME, C. 1544, MICHELANGELO. THE EQUESTRIAN STATUS OF MARCUS
AURELIUS MARKS THE CENTER OF THIS URBAN SPACE.
PIAZZA DEL CAMPIDOGLIO, ROME,
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
LINE
A LINE IS A CRITICAL ELEMENT IN THE FORMATION OF ANY VISUAL CONSTRUCTION. IT CAN SERVE TO: - JOIN, LINK,
SUPPORT, SURROUND, OR INTERSECT OTHER VISUAL ELEMENTS. - DESCRIBE THE EDGES OF AND GIVE SHAPE TO
PLANES. - ARTICULATE THE SURFACE OF PLANES
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
•LINE ALTHOUGH A LINE THEORETICALLY HAS ONLY ONE DIMENSION, IT MUST HAVE SOME DEGREE OF
THICKNESS TO BECOME VISIBLE. IT IS SEEN AS A LINE SIMPLY BECAUSE ITS LENGTH DOMINATES ITS WIDTH.
•THE CHARACTER OF A LINE, WHETHER TAUT OR LIMP, BOLD OR TENTATIVE, GRACEFUL OR RAGGED, IS
DETERMINED BY OUR PERCEPTION OF ITS LENGTH- WIDTH RATIO, ITS CONTOUR, AND ITS DEGREE OF
CONTINUITY.
•EVEN THE SIMPLE REPETITION OF LIKE OR SIMILAR ELEMENTS, IF CONTINUOUS ENOUGH, CAN BE REGARDED
AS A LINE.
•THIS TYPE OF LINE HAS SIGNIFICANT TEXTURAL QUALITIES. THE ORIENTATION OF A LINE AFFECTS ITS ROLE IN
A VISUAL CONSTRUCTION.
• WHILE A VERTICAL LINE CAN EXPRESS A STATE OF EQUILIBRIUM WITH THE FORCE OF GRAVITY, SYMBOLIZE
THE HUMAN CONDITION, OR MARK A POSITION IN SPACE, A HORIZONTAL LINE CAN REPRESENT STABILITY, THE
GROUND PLANE, THE HORIZON, OR A BODY AT REST. AN OBLIQUE LINE IS A DEVIATION FROM THE VERTICAL OR
HORIZONTAL.
•IT MAY BE SEEN AS A VERTICAL LINE FALLING OR A HORIZONTAL LINE RISING.
•IN EITHER CASE, WHETHER IT IS FALLING TOWARD A POINT ON THE GROUND PLANE OR RISING TO A PLACE IN
THE SKY, IT IS DYNAMIC AND VISUALLY ACTIVE IN ITS UNBALANCED STATE.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
•LINEAR ELEMENTS HOUSE 10. 1966, JOHN HEJDUK ALTHOUGH ARCHITECTURAL SPACE EXISTS IN THREE
DIMENSIONS, IT CAN BE LINEAR IN FORM TO ACCOMMODATE THE PATH OF MOVEMENT THROUGH A
BUILDING AND LINK ITS SPACES TO ONE ANOTHER
LINEAR ELEMENTS HOUSE 10.
• CORNELL UNIVERSITY UNDERGRADUATE HOUSING.
ITHACA, NEW YORK, 1974, RICHARD MEIER.
BUILDINGS ALSO CAN BE LINEAR IN FORM,
PARTICULARLY WHEN THEY CONSIST OF REPETITIVE
SPACES ORGANIZED ALONG A CIRCULATION PATH. AS
ILLUSTRATED HERE, LINEAR BUILDING FORMS HAVE
THE ABILITY ENCLOSE EXTERIOR SPACES AS WELL AS
ADAPT TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF A
SITE.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
LINEAR ELEMENTS
CROWN HALL SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DESIGN, ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
CHICAGO, 1956, MIES VAN DER ROHE. SEAGRAM BUILDING. NEW YORK CITY, 1956-58, MIES VAN DER ROHE
AND PHILIP JOHNSON. AT A SMALLER SCALE, LINES ARTICULATE THE EDGES AND SURFACES OF PLANES AND
VOLUMES. THE LINES CAN BE EXPRESSED BY JOINTS WITHIN OR BETWEEN BUILDING MATERIALS, BY
FRAMES AROUND WINDOW OR DOOR OPENINGS, OR BY A STRUCTURAL GRID OF COLUMNS AND BEAMS.
HOW THESE LINEAR ELEMENTS AFFECT THE TEXTURE OF A SURFACE WILL DEPEND ON THEIR VISUAL
WEIGHT, SPACING, AND DIRECTION .
CROWN HALL SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
SEAGRAM BUILDING
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
PLANE
•A LINE EXTENDED IN A DIRECTION OTHER THAN ITS
INTRINSIC DIRECTION BECOMES A PLANE.
•CONCEPTUALLY, A PLANE HAS LENGTH AND WIDTH,
BUT NO DEPTH. SHAPE IS THE PRIMARY
IDENTIFYING CHARACTERISTIC OF A PLANE. IT IS
DETERMINED BY THE CONTOUR OF THE LINE
FORMING THE EDGES OF A PLANE.
•BECAUSE OUR PERCEPTION OF SHAPE CAN BE
DISTORTED BY PERSPECTIVE FORESHORTENING, WE
SEE THE TRUE SHAPE OF A PLANE ONLY WHEN VIEW
IT FRONTALLY. THE SUPPLEMENTARY PROPERTIES OF
A PLANE—ITS SURFACE COLOR, PATTERN, AND
TEXTURE—AFFECT ITS VISUAL WEIGHT AND
STABILITY.
•IN THE COMPOSITION OF A VISUAL
CONSTRUCTION, A PLANE SERVES TO DEFINE THE
LIMITS OR BOUNDARIES OF A VOLUME.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
•PLANE PLANES IN ARCHITECTURE DEFINE THREE-DIMENSIONAL VOLUMES OF MASS AND SPACE. THE
PROPERTIES OF EACH PLANE—SIZE, SHAPE, COLOR, TEXTURE—AS WELL AS THEIR SPATIAL RELATIONSHIP
TO ONE ANOTHER ULTIMATELY DETERMINE THE VISUAL ATTRIBUTES OF THE FORM THEY DEFINE AND
THE QUALITIES OF SPACE THEY ENCLOSE.
•IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, WE MANIPULATE THREE GENERIC TYPES OF PLANES:
OVERHEAD PLANE
•THE OVERHEAD PLANE CAN BE EITHER THE ROOF PLANE THAT SHELTERS THE INTERIOR SPACES OF A
BUILDING FROM THE CLIMATIC ELEMENTS, OR THE CEILING PLANE THAT FORMS THE UPPER ENCLOSING
SURFACE OF A ROOM.
•WALL PLANE
•THE WALL PLANE, BECAUSE OF ITS VERTICAL ORIENTATION, IS ACTIVE IN OUR NORMAL FIELD OF VISION
AND VITAL TO THE SHAPING AND ENCLOSURE OF ARCHITECTURAL SPACE.
•BASE PLANE THE BASE PLANE CAN BE EITHER THE GROUND PLANE THAT SERVES AS THE PHYSICAL
FOUNDATION AND VISUAL BASE FOR BUILDING FORMS, OR THE FLOOR PLANE THAT FORMS THE LOWER
ENCLOSING SURFACE OF A ROOM UPON WHICH WE WALK.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
PLANAR ELEMENTS
• ROBIE HOUSE, CHICAGO, 1909, FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT.
•THE LOW SLOPING ROOF PLANES AND BROAD OVERHANGS ARE CHARACTERISTIC OF THE PRAIRIE SCHOOL OF
ARCHITECTURE.
•A ROOF PLANE CAN EXTEND OUTWARD TO FORM OVERHANGS THAT SHIELD DOOR AND WIDOW OPENINGS
FROM SUN OR RAIN, OR CONTINUE DOWNWARD FURTHER STILL TO RELATE ITSELF MORE CLOSELY TO THE
GROUND PLANE.
•IN WARM CLIMATES, IT CAN BE ELEVATED TO ALLOW COOLING BREEZES TO FLOW ACROSS AND THROUGH
THE INTERIOR SPACES OF BUILDING.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
PLANAR ELEMENTS
•KAUFMANN HOUSE (FALLING WATER), CONNELLSVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, 1936-37, FRANK LLOYD
WRIGHT. REINFORCED CONCRETE SLABS EXPRESS THE HORIZONTALITY OF THE FLOOR OR ROOF
PLANES AS THEY CANTILEVER OUTWARD FROM A CENTRAL CORE
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
PLANAR ELEMENTS
SCHRODER HOUSE, UTRECHT, 1924-25, GERRIT THOMAS RIETVELD. ASYMMETRICAL COMPOSITIONS OF SIMPLE
RECTANGULAR FORMS AND PRIMARY COLORS CHARACTERIZED THE DE STIJL SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
VOLUME
A PLANE EXTENDED IN A DIRECTION OTHER THAN ITS
INTRINSIC DIRECTION BECOMES A VOLUME.
CONCEPTUALLY, A VOLUME HAS THREE DIMENSIONS:
LENGTH, WIDTH AND DEPTH. ALL VOLUMES CAN BE
ANALYZED AND UNDERSTOOD TO CONSIST OF: - POINTS
OR VERTICES WHERE SEVERAL PLANES COME TOGETHER LINES OR EDGES WHERE TWO PLANES MEET - PLANES OR
SURFACES WHICH DEFINE THE LIMITS OR BOUNDARIES OF
A VOLUME. FORM IS THE PRIMARY IDENTIFYING
CHARACTERISTIC OF A VOLUME. IT ESTABLISHED BY THE
SHAPES AND INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF THE PLANES THAT
DESCRIBE THE BOUNDARIES OF THE VOLUME. AS THE
THREE-DIMENSIONAL ELEMENT IN THE VOCABULARY OF
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, A VOLUME CAN BE EITHER A
SOLID—SPACE DISPLACED BY MASS—OR A VOID—SPACE
CONTAINED OR ENCLOSED BY PLANES.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
VOLUME
• NOTRE DAME DU HAUT, RONCHAMP, FRANCE, 1950-55, LE CORBUSIER. PLAN AND SECTION SPACE
DEFINED BY WALL, FLOOR, AND CEILING OR ROOF PLANES. ELEVATION SPACE DISPLACED BY THE
MASS OF A BUILDING.
•IN ARCHITECTURE, A VOLUME CAN BE SEEN TO BE EITHER A PORTION OF SPACE CONTAINED AND
DEFINED BY WALL, FLOOR, AND CEILING OR ROOF PLANES, OR A QUANTITY OF SPACE DISPLACED BY
THE MASS OF BUILDING.
•IT IS IMPORTANT TO PERCEIVE THIS DUALITY, ESPECIALLY WHEN READING ORTHOGRAPHIC PLANS,
ELEVATIONS AND SECTIONS.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
VOLUMETRIC ELEMENTS
•VILLA SAVOYE, POISSY, FRANCE, 1928-31, LE CORBUSIER. BUILDING FORMS THAT STAND AS AN
OBJECT IN THE LANDSCAPE CAN BE READ AS OCCUPYING VOLUME IN SPACE.
•PIAZZA DEL CAMPIDOGLIO, ROME, C. 1544, MICHELANGELO. A SERIES OF BUILDINGS ENCLOSE AN
URBAN SQUARE. VOLUMETRIC ELEMENTS BUILDING FORMS THAT SERVE AS CONTAINERS CAN BE
READ AS MASSES THAT DEFINE VOLUMES OF SPACE
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
QUE:3
EXPALIN- A) TRADITIONAL HOUSING ELEMENT
B)POLE HOUSES VS CURRENT HOUSING STOCK
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
A) TRADITIONAL HOUSING ELEMENT
TRADITIONAL HOUSING IS DEPEND BASIC 3 THINGS:
1)AS PER COMMUNITY’S TRADITION
2)USING LOCAL MATERIAL
3)USING LOCAL TECHNIQUES
•OVER THE WORLD EVERY CONTRY AND CITY HAS IT’S OWN TRADITION SO THEY DEVELOPED
THEIR OWN TRADITIONAL HOSUING.
•EVERY COMMUNITY HOUSING CAN THEIR DEFFERENT MATERIAL, DIFFERENT CONSTRUCTION
TECHNOLOGY AND THEIR ELEMENTS.
•LIKE WE CAN TAKE EXAMPLE OF POL HOUSES
•WHICH IS THE TRADITIONAL HOUSING IN AHMEDEBAD.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
A) TRADITIONAL HOUSING ELEMENT
REGIONAL VARIATION IN INDIA FOR TRADITIONAL HOUSING:
•BUILDING MATERIAL DEPENDS ON LOCATION.
•IN HILLY COUNTRY WHERE ROCKY RUBBLE, ASHLAR, AND PIECES OF STONE ARE AVAILABLE, THESE
CAN BE PATCHED TOGETHER WITH A MUD MORTAR TO FORM WALLS.
•FINER STONEWORK VENEER COVERS THE OUTSIDE.
•SOMETIMES WOOD BEAMS AND RAFTERS ARE USED WITH SLATE TILES FOR ROOFING IF AVAILABLE.
HOUSES ON HILLS USUALLY HAVE TWO STORIES, WITH THE LIVESTOCK LIVING ON THE GROUND FLOOR.
•OFTEN A VERANDAH RUNS ALONG THE SIDE OF THE HOUSE.
•THE ROOF IS PITCHED TO DEAL WITH THE MONSOON SEASON AND THE HOUSE MAY SIT ON RAISED
PLATFORM, PLINTHS OR BAMBOO POLES TO COPE WITH FLOODS.
•ON THE FLAT LANDS, ADOBES ARE USUALLY MADE OF MUD OR SUN-BAKED BRICKS, THEN PLASTERED
INSIDE AND OUT, SOMETIMES WITH MUD MIXED WITH HAY OR EVEN COW DUNG AND WHITEWASHED
WITH LIME.
•WHERE BAMBOO IS AVAILABLE IT IS WIDELY USED FOR ALL PARTS OF THE HOME AS IT IS FLEXIBLE AND
RESILIENT. ALSO WIDELY USED IS THATCH FROM PLANTS SUCH AS ELEPHANT GRASS, PADDY, AND
COCONUT.
• IN THE SOUTH, CLAY TILES ARE USED FOR PUKKA ROOFING WHILE VARIOUS PLANT MATERIAL SUCH
AS COCONUT PALM IS COMMON FOR THE KAMCHATKA.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
A) TRADITIONAL HOUSING ELEMENTS
POL HOUSES:
•IN THE URBAN LANDSCAPE OF INDIA, ONE OF THE
MOST VISUALLY APPEALING SPACES IS THE WALLED
CITY OF AHMEDABAD, KNOWN FOR ITS INTRICATELY
CARVED WOODEN ARCHITECTURE AND THE
NEIGHBOURHOOD SETTLEMENTS OF POLS.
• POLS ARE ENCLOSED RESIDENTIAL CLUSTERS
ENTERED BY GATES, WHICH USED TO BE SHUT AT
NIGHTS.
•THE ESSENCE OF A POL IS A NETWORK OF SMALL
STREETS, SIDE LANES, SHRINES AND OPEN
COMMUNITY SPACES WITH A CHABUTARO, A
BIRDHOUSE RAISED ON A POLE TO FEED BIRDS IN
THE NEIGHBOURHOOD.
•THE WORD POL IS DERIVED FROM THE SANSKRIT
WORD PRATOLI MEANING ENTRANCE TO AN
ENCLOSED AREA.
• POLS WERE ORIGINALLY MADE AS A PROTECTION
MEASURE WHEN COMMUNAL RIOTS NECESSITATED
GREATER SECURITY. STREET VIEW OF A POL POL
HOUSES OF AHMEDABAD
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
A) TRADITIONAL HOUSING ELEMENT
THE MAJOR ELEMENETS WE CAN SHOW IN POL HOUSES ARE:
1)OTLA
2)KHADKEE
3)CHOWK
4)BAITHAK
5)PARSAL
6)DIWANKHANA
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
A) TRADITIONAL HOUSING ELEMENT
1)OTLA
•THE OTLA SERVES AS AN IMPORTANT SITE FOR RELIGIOUS ACTIVITIES IN HINDU HOUSEHOLDS.
ACCORDING TO DESAI, “IN A HINDU COMMUNITY, THE TRADITIONAL STREET IS A SOCIAL SPACE
AND PRIMARILY AN AREA OF COMMUNICATION AND SOCIAL EXCHANGE.
• IT IS AN EXTENSION OF THE HOUSE TO BE USED DURING DIFFERENT PERIODS OF THE DAY AND
SEASON FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES”
•DURING FESTIVALS AND WEDDINGS, NEIGHBOURHOOD OTLAS ARE RICHLY DECORATED WITH
RANGOLI (SANDPAINTING) AND SYMBOLIC DECORATIONS, MANY OF WHICH ARE CONSIDERED TO
BE AUSPICIOUS.
•IN AHMEDABAD POLS, THE OTLA ESTABLISHES A COHERENT SOCIAL CHARACTER FOR A
NEIGHBOURHOOD AND MITIGATES HARSH CLIMACTIC FACTORS ALSO.
•IT CAN BE ALSO USE AS
A TRANSITONAL SPACE.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
A) TRADITIONAL HOUSING ELEMENT
2)KHADKEE
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
A) TRADITIONAL HOUSING ELEMENT
3)CHOWK (COURTYARD)
• THE COURTYARD IS THE PRIMARY ELEMENT OF THE
HOUSE.
•ALL OTHER ROOMS ARE BUILT AROUND THE CHOWK.
• IT PROVIDES THE CONNECTION BETWEEN INSIDE
AND OUTSIDE FOR MUCH OF THE HOUSE.
• FUNCTIONS AS A LIGHT WELL AND A VENTILATING
SHAFT; MOVING VERTICALLY FROM THE GROUND
FLOOR THROUGH THE ROOF.
• TRADITIONALLY, BEING OPEN TO THE SKY, THESE
SPACES INFUSE IN INDIVIDUALS – THE
CONSCIOUSNESS OF NATURE AS WELL AS BRINGING
THE CHOWK OF A HOUSE OCCUPANTS INTO DAILY
CONTACT WITH THE SUPERNATURAL AND THE
MYTHICAL.• A WATER TANK IS USUALLY LOCATED
BENEATH THE FLOOR OF THE CHOWK. ACCESS TO THE
UNDERGROUND WATER TANK POL HOUSES OF
AHMEDABAD
CHOWK
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
A) TRADITIONAL HOUSING ELEMENT
4)BAITHAK
•THE FORMAL RECEPTION SPACE – USED FOR VISITORS.
•THE INTERIOR ROOMS WERE NOT DESIGNATED AS LIVING ROOM, DINING ROOM OR
BEDROOM – RATHER IT IS VERY FLEXIBLE IN USE.
• EASILY MOVABLE FURNITURE AND BEDDING ALLOW MIGRATION FROM ROOM TO ROOM –
TO SWING IN THE PARSAL SUIT THE CHANGING FAMILY COMPOSITION OR TO
ACCOMMODATE TO SEASONAL CHANGES.
•THE KITCHEN, STORAGE ROOMS FOR DRINKING WATER AND PUJA ROOM USUALLY HAVE
DEFINITE SPACES
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
A) TRADITIONAL HOUSING ELEMENT
5)PARSAL
•THE VERANDAH SPACE AROUND THE
COURT; MOST UTILIZED SPACES IN THE
HOUSE.
• IT SERVES AS A TRANSITIONAL SPACE,
BETWEEN INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR AS WELL
AS PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SPACES.
• THE SWING IS HUNG IN THE PARASAL.
•IN THE PARASAL, THERE IS A PROVISION FOR
HEARTH, WHERE THE HOUSEWIFE COOKS.
6)DIWANKHANA
• ON THE FIRST FLOOR IS THE DIWANKHANA – THE
LARGE HALL WHERE GUESTS WERE RECEIVED.
•THE LIVING QUARTERS WERE ON THE FIRST FLOOR.
• THE SECOND FLOOR HAD BEDROOMS, AND IN
SUMMER THE AGASHI (ROOFTOP TERRACE) WAS A
PLEASANT PLACE TO SLEEP UNDER THE SKY.
ARTWORK OVER A DOORWAY POL HOUSES OF
AHMEDABAD
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
A) TRADITIONAL HOUSING ELEMENT
ELEMENTS OTHER TRADITIONAL HOUSING IN INDIA:
•LOCALLY AVAILABLE SOFT STONE IS CHISELLED TO FORM RECTANGULAR BLOCKS, LOCALLY AVAILABLE SOIL IS
USED AS MUD MORTAR, LOCALLY AVAILABLE BAMBOO AND STRAW IS USED FOR ROOFS AND LOCALLY
AVAILABLE LABOUR NEEDS ABOUT A MONTHS’ TIME TO CONSTRUCT ONE SUCH BHUNGA.
•THEY DO NOT SHARE WALLS WITH ADJACENT BUILDINGS. INNER DIAMETER IS 3 TO 6 M WITH ONLY 3
OPENINGS (ONE DOOR AND TWO WINDOWS).
•WINDOWS ARE SET AT A LOWER LEVEL FOR CROSS VENTILATION. THE LOW HANGING ROOFS COVER THE
WALLS AGAINST DIRECT SUNLIGHT AND ADD TO THE INSULATION FROM THE ENVIRONMENT. THE THATCHED
ROOF IS BUILT ON TOP OF THE WALLS RESTING ON A SPIRAL FRAME FORMING A CONE.
•TRADITIONAL HOUSING OF KUTCH(BHUNGA)
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
B)POLE HOUSES VS CURRENT HOUSING STOCK
POL HOUSES
•
CURRENT HOUSING STOCK
•
VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURAL STYLE :
MORDEN ARCHITECTURAL STYLE :
USE OF FLAT ROOF
NO CENTRAL COURYARD
BALCONY
USE OF PITCH ROOF
CENTRAL COURYARD
OTLA, JALI
•
•
USE OF TRADITIONAL MATERIALS :
USE OF MORDEN MATERIALS :
BRICK
CONCRETE
STEEL
GLASS etc….
WOOD
BRICK
STONE
LIME PLASTER
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
B)POLE HOUSES VS CURRENT HOUSING STOCK
POL HOUSES
CURRENT HOUSING STOCK
•
Organic development :
•
Grid development:
•
MULTIFUNCTIONAL COMMUNITY SPACES
•
RIGID SINGLE USE SPACES
•
EX- ONE COMMUNITY SPACE USE FOR MANY PURPOSE LIKE
PARKING, PLAY AREA , GATHERING SPACE , SITTING
AREA,RELIGION SPACES
•
EX – THERE ARE DIFFENT SPACES FOR PARKIG , PLAY AREA,
GATHERING SPACE, SITTING AREA, GARDEN ETC..
•
BUILT BY :
•
BUILT BY :
GOVERNMENT
PRIVATE BUILDRES
CIVIL ENGINEER
LOCAL PEOPLE
OWNER
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
B)POLE HOUSES VS CURRENT HOUSING STOCK
POL HOUSES
•
CURRENT HOUSING STOCK
•
CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES :
CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES:
BRICK AND CEMENT
GLASS AND METAL
RCC etc…
TIMBER JOINERY
BRICK AND LIME PLASTER
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
B)POLE HOUSES VS CURRENT HOUSING STOCK
POL HOUSES
CURRENT HOUSING STOCK
•
USE OF HIGH PLINTH TO REDUCE RISK OF HIGH FLOOD
•
NO HIGH PLINTH USE IN HOUSES
•
USE OF GOOD CARVED WOODEN ELEMENTS
•
NOT USE OF CARVED WOODEN ELEMENTS LIKE OLD POL
HOUSES
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
QUE : 4 DEFINE THE FOLLOWING:
A.PROPORTION
B. CIRCULATION
C. SCALE
D. ORGANIZATION
E. FORM
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
A). PROPORTION :
• IS A CENTRAL PRINCIPLE OF ARCHITECTURAL THEORY AND AN IMPORTANT CONNECTION BETWEEN
MATHEMATICS AND ART.
• IT IS THE VISUAL EFFECT OF THE RELATIONSHIPS OF THE VARIOUS OBJECTS AND SPACES THAT MAKE UP
A STRUCTURE TO ONE ANOTHER AND TO THE WHOLE.
• THESE RELATIONSHIPS ARE OFTEN GOVERNED BY MULTIPLES OF A STANDARD UNIT OF LENGTH KNOWN
AS A “MODULE”.
• PROPORTION IN ARCHITECTURE WAS DISCUSSED BY VITRUVIUS, ANDREA PALLADIO AND LE
CORBUSIER AMONG OTHERS.
• THERE IS ONE PROPORTION WHICH HAS ATTRACTED GREAT ATTENTION EVER SINCE THE DAYS OF
ANTIQUITY. THIS IS SO CALLED GOLDEN SECTION.
•
LE CORBUSIER HAS BASED HIS PRINCIPLE OF PROPORTION “LE MODULOR” ON IT. A LINE SEGMENT IS
SAID TO BE DEVIDED ACCORDING TO THE GOLDEN SECTION WHEN IT IS COMPOSED OF TWO UNEQUAL
PARTS OF WHITCH THE FIRST IS TO THE SECOND AS THE SECOND IS TO THE WHOLE.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
A). PROPORTION :
• THE RATIO OF A TO B IS EQUAL TO THE RATIO OF B TO A+B.
• IN TERMS OF GOLDEN SECTION RASMUSSEN ALSO REFERS TO
BUILDINGS OF ANDREA PALLADIO, ESPECIALLY HIS VILLA FOSCARI.
THROUGHOUT THE COURSE OF HISTORY, PROPORTIONING SYSTEMS HAVE BEEN USED TO CREATE
AN AESTHETIC RATIONALE THAT ENHANCES THE BEAUTY OF A BUILDING. SOME COMMON
PROPORTIONING SYSTEMS INCLUDE:
•GOLDEN SECTION
•CLASSICAL ORDERS
•RENAISSANCE THEORIES
•MODULAR
•KEN
•ANTHROPOMETRY
•SCALE
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
B). CIRCULATION:
• CIRCULATION IN ARCHITECTURE REFERS TO HOW THE SPACE OR BUILDINGS IS DESIGNED TO
FACILITATE THE HUMAN FLOW IN THE BUILDING.
•
CIRCULATION IN BUILDINGS COMMONLY MOVE BOTH VERTICALLY AND HORIZONTALLY WITH THE
USE OF STAIRCASES AND LIFTS.
•
CIRCULATION IN BUILDING PLAYS A MAJOR ROLE IN HOW THE CIRCULATION IS DESIGNED.
•
IN THE FIELD OF ARCHITECTURE, CIRCULATION REFERS TO THE WAY TO ENTER, GO THROUGH AND
GO AROUND A BUILDING.
• THEY HELP PEOPLE TO UNDERSTAND THE ARCHITECTURE AS THEY MOVE THROUGH A BUILDING AND
ITS SPACES.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
B). CIRCULATION:
COMPONENTS OF CIRCULATION
• ALTHOUGH EVERY SPACE A PERSON COULD ACCESS OR OCCUPY FORMS PART OF THE CIRCULATION SYSTEM
OF A BUILDING, WHEN WE TALK ABOUT CIRCULATION, WE TYPICALLY DON’T TRY TO ACCOUNT FOR WHERE
EVERY PERSON MIGHT GO. INSTEAD, WE OFTEN APPROXIMATE THE MAIN ROUTES OF THE MAJORITY OF USERS.
• TO SIMPLIFY FURTHER, ARCHITECTS TYPICALLY DIVIDE THEIR THINKING ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT TYPES OF
CIRCULATION, WHICH OVERLAY WITH ONE ANOTHER AND THE OVERALL PLANNING.THE TYPE AND EXTENT OF
THESE DIVISIONS WILL BE PROJECT DEPENDANT, BUT MIGHT INCLUDE:
• DIRECTION OF MOVEMENT: HORIZONTAL OR VERTICAL;
•TYPE OF USE: PUBLIC OR PRIVATE, FRONT OF HOUSE OR BACK OF HOUSE;
• FREQUENCY OF USE: COMMON OR EMERGENCY;
• TIME OF USE: MORNING, DAY, EVENING, CONTINUOUS.
• EACH OF THESE TYPES OF CIRCULATION WILL REQUIRE DIFFERENT ARCHITECTURAL CONSIDERATION.THE
MOVEMENT MIGHT BE FAST OR SLOW, MECHANICAL OR MANUAL, UNDERTAKEN IN THE DARK OR FULLY LIT,
CROWDED OR INDIVIDUAL.THE PATHWAYS MIGHT BE LEISURELY AND WINDING, OR NARROW AND DIRECT.
•OF THESE TYPES OF CIRCULATION, DIRECTION AND USE ARE OFTEN CRITICAL TO A BUILDING LAYOUT.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
C). SCALE :
• IT REFERS TO HOW WE PERCEIVE OR JUDGE THE SIZE OF SOMETHING COMPARED TO A
REFERENCE STANDART OR THE SIZE OF SOMETHING ELSE. WE OFTEN COMPARE AN
OBJECT’S SIZE TO THE SIZE OF OUR OWN BODIES.
• THEREFORE WE ARE ALWAYS COMPARING ONE THING TO ANOTHER. SCALE ALSO
REFERS TO THE MATHEMATICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AN OBLECY AND A
MEASURQBLE QUANTITY.
• A SIZE COMPARISON ILLUSTRATION COMPARING THE SIZE OF AN AVERAGE HUMAN TO
THE SIZE OF CERTAIN PREHISTORIC SHARKS.
•
THE ILLUSTRATION ALSO CONTAINS A LINEAR MEASUREMENT IN METERS AT THE TOP.
• IN AN ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING WE USE A SCALE TO SPECIFY THE RATIO THAT
DETERMINES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DRAWING AND THE ACTUAL BUILDING.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
C). SCALE :
THERE ARE 3 TYPES OF SCALE:
1) VISUAL SCALE- IT REFERS NOT TO THE ACTUAL DIMENSIOND OF THINGS BUT
RATHER TO HOW SMALL OR LARGE SOMETHING APPEARS TO BE IN RELATION TO ITS
NORMAL SIZE.
2)HIERARCHICAL SCALE- REFERS TO THE DELIBERATE USE OF RELATIVE SIZE IN A
WORK OF ART, IN ORDER TO COMMUNICATE DIFFERENCES IN IMPORTANCE.
LARGER -> MORE IMPORTANT,
SMALLER>LESSIMPORTANT
3) DISORTED SCALE- AN ARTIST MAY DELIBERATELY DISORT SCALE TO CREATE AN
ABNORMAL OR SUPERNATURAL EFFECT.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
D). ORGANIZATION :
• Organization of space in architecture is fundamental to the creation of composition. It brings together
different forms and shapes and provides a cohesive structure to the design.
• Spaces in a building can be organized into patterns so that they relate to one another in a specific way. Spatial
relationships between forms help define their interaction.
Common methods of spatial organization include:
Centralized Organization
• A CENTRAL ORGANIZATION IS COMPOSED
OF A DOMINANT CENTRAL SPACE, WITH
SECONDARY SPACES GROUPED AROUND
IT. AS A COMPOSITION, THIS
ARRANGEMENT IS CONCENTRATED AND
STABLE.
• THE CENTRAL SPACE IS USUALLY
REGULAR IN FORM AND LARGE ENOUGH
TO GATHER SMALLER SPACES ABOUT ITS
PERIMETER. THE SECONDARY SPACES
MAY BE EQUAL IN SIZE OR SHAPE IN
ORDER TO CREATE A MORE BALANCED
COMPOSITION AROUND THE CENTRAL
SPACE.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
D). ORGANIZATION :
• Organization of space in architecture is fundamental to the creation of composition. It brings together
different forms and shapes and provides a cohesive structure to the design.
• Spaces in a building can be organized into patterns so that they relate to one another in a specific way. Spatial
relationships between forms help define their interaction.
Linear Organizaion
• A linear organization can be composed of
a single, unifying element, about which
different objects are arranged. These
objects may be different in scale,
program, and shape.
• Alternatively, a linear organization can
also be comprised of elements that are
uniform and similar in scale, program,
and shape. They are linear due to their
arrangement in a singular axis, rather
than as a result of a dominant unifying
linear volume.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
D). ORGANIZATION :
Radial Organizations
• Radial organizations are effectively a combination of linear and centralized
organizations. They have a central focal point from which linear forms radiate from.
• Unlike centralized organizations, however, where the focus is inward towards the
center space, radial organizations expand out towards their surroundings.
• The linear forms may be equal in size and form, where they may differ in length or
shape. This may be a result of programmatic requirements or it may be a design
decision.
Clustered Organizations
• Clustered organizations rely on proximity to relate spaces to one another. Often,
they consist of repetitive cellular spaces that have certain visual qualities in
common.
• However, it’s not necessary for the forms that make up a clustered organization
to be regular in size or shape. A clustered organization can work just as well with
dissimilar shapes, as long as they are assembled close together.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
D). ORGANIZATION :
GRID ORGANIZATIONS
• A GRID ORGANIZATION IS COMPRISED
OF A 3-DIMENSIONAL COMPOSITION OF
LINEAR REFERENCE POINTS. USUALLY,
THEY ARE PERPENDICULAR FROM ONE
ANOTHER, THOUGH THEY NEED NOT
BE.
• THE CONTINUITY AND REGULARITY
CREATED BY THE GRID GIVES THE
COMPOSITION A STRONG SENSE OF
STABILITY AND ORGANIZATION. IT
HELPS UNITE FORMS OF DISSIMILAR
SHAPE AND SCALE. FUNCTIONALLY AND
VISUALLY, IT HELPS REGULATE THE
ORIENTATION OF THE COMPOSITION.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
E). FORM:
• ARCHITECTURAL FORM IS THE POINT OF CONTACT BETWEEN MASS AND SPACE
• FORM IN ARCHITECTURE NOT JUST PLAYS A VERY CRUCIAL ROLE BUT IT IS PROBABLY
THE MOST DEBATED SUBJECT AS WELL. IT IS NOT JUST SIMPLY THE SHAPE OR
CONFIGURATION OF A BUILDING BUT IT COMPRISES OF LOT MANY ELEMENTS BE IT A
POINT, LINE, PLANE OR A VOLUME. SO IT MAY BE ANY TEXT, TEXTURES, IMAGES THAT WE
USE IN OUR DESIGN. ANY ARCHITECTURE WITHOUT ANY FORM CAN NEVER BE IMAGINED
SO THE IMPORTANCE OF FORMS ARE LISTED BELOW:
REGULAR FORMS
REGULAR FORMS ARE MORE OFTEN SEEN IN BUILDINGS WHERE ONE OR
MORE THAN ONE ELEMENTS ARE REPEATED IN THE DESIGN IN SOME FAIRLY
AND ORDERLY MANNER THAT GIVES A CLEAR LOOK TO THE DESIGN. SUCH
DESIGNS MERGE WITH THE EXISTING SKYLINE VERY EASILY WITHOUT
CREATING ANY ROUGH EFFECT ON THE SURROUNDINGS AND A VERY
PEACEFUL VISION IN THE EYES OF A VIEWER
REMEMBER THESE DESIGNS ARE GENERALLY MORE STABLE AND
SYMMETRICAL IN NATURE..!!
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
E). FORM:
• ARCHITECTURAL FORM IS THE POINT OF CONTACT BETWEEN MASS AND SPACE
IRREGULAR FORMS
ALMOST ALL THE PARTS/ELEMENTS OF IRREGULAR
FORMS ARE DISSIMILAR FROM ONE ANOTHER IN
NATURE CREATING A CHAOTIC LOOK FOR THE VIEWER.
ALL THE ELEMENTS ARE PLACED IN A PUZZLED
MANNER CREATING A UNIQUE DESIGN THAT RESULTS
OUT IN A VERY CHALLENGING WAY TO THE OTHER
SURROUNDING BUILDINGS. MANY OF THE MASTER
ARCHITECTS LIKE ZAHA HADID HAVE 99% OF THEIR
INTEREST IN THIS KIND OF FORM WHICH LET THEIR
OUTPUT COME OUT IN A UNIQUE MANNER.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
E). FORM:
FORMS INSPIRED BY NATURE
IT IS NOT ALWAYS ABOUT THE JUST THE
REGULAR OR IRREGULAR FORMS, DESIGNERS
CAN FIND INSPIRATION FROM ANYWHERE
ESPECIALLY THE NATURE AND THIS SPECIFIC
KIND OF INSPIRATION IS ACTUALLY CALLED THE
BIOMIMETIC ARCHITECTURE. THE FORMS ARE
INSPIRED SO MUCH FROM THE NATURE THAT
WHAT SEEMS SO SIMPLE IN NATURE CAN
ACTUALLY TRANSLATE TO BETTER DESIGN
SOLUTION BY A DESIGNER. THESE DESIGN
SOLUTIONS ARE GENERALLY MORE EFFICIENT,
SUSTAINABLE AND HEALTHY.
BY THE WAY, THESE TYPES OF FORMS ARE NOT
ACTUALLY ABOUT REPLICATING THE NATURAL
FORM, IT IS MORE ABOUT UNDERSTANDING THE
RULES GOVERNING THE FORM.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
E). FORM:
UNUSUAL FORMS
THERE THEN COMES A TIME WHEN PEOPLE
STARTED PREFERRING SOME UNUSUAL FORMS
SO AS TO KEEP THEMSELVES A POINT AWAY
FROM THOSE USUAL KINDS OF REGULAR AND
IRREGULAR FORMS. THESE FORMS COULD BE
IN THE SHAPE OF A PIANO, A PINEAPPLE, AN
ELEPHANT OR ANYTHING LIKE THAT AND LET ME
TELL YOU NOT TO CONFUSE THESE UNUSUAL
FORMS WITH THOSE ABOVE STATED
BIOMIMETIC FORMS.
GEOMETRY AND ARCHITECTURAL FORMS
GEOMETRY AND ARCHITECTURAL FORMS ARE
TOTALLY INTERLINKED. THERE ARE A LOT OF
FORMS THAT ARE TOTALLY DERIVED BY USING
VARIOUS KINDS OF FORMULAS LIKE GOLDEN
SECTION, PYTHAGORAS, ALBERTI, KEPLER,
MODULAR ETC THAT SHOWS THE COHERENCE OF
COMPOSITION AND GEOMETRY. THE RESULT OF
THESE FORMULAS ARE GENERALLY SEEN AS THE
IDEAL PROPORTION AND EPITOME OF
AESTHETICS AND HARMONY.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
QUE:8
EXPALIN- 1)BRUTALISM
2)MODERNISM
3)NEO CLASSISM
4)MINIMALISM
5)DE CONSTRUCTIVISM
6)ART DECO STYLE
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
1)BRUTALISM
INTRODUCTION
•BRUTALISM IS A 20TH CENTURY ARCHITECTURAL AND ARTISTIC MOVEMENT THAT EMPHASIZES BOLD,
CONFRONTATIONAL AND BULKY BUILDINGS WHICH COMMUNICATES STRENGTH , FUNCTIONALITY AND
POWER.
•EVOLVED FROM THE FRENCH WORD BRUT MEANING RAW. AS LE CORBUSIER DESCRIBED HIS CHOICE OF
MATERIAL (BÉTON BRUT) FOR RAW CONCRETE.
•ONE OF THE MOST DEFINING FEATURES OF THIS LOOK IS THE USE OF RAW CONCRETE THAT MAKES THE
BUILDING APPEAR AS THOUGH IT CONSISTS OF MANY IDENTICAL MODULAR ELEMENTS.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
HISTORY OF BRUTALISM :
•THE BEST KNOWN PROTO-BRUTALISM IS THE WORK OF THE SWISS ARCHITECT LE CORBOSIER, IN PARTICULAR HIS 1952
UNITÉ D’HABITATION IN FRANCE AND THE SECRETARIAT BUILDING ( PALACE OF ASSEMBLY) IN CHANDIGARH, INDIA.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
FEATURES:
• STRONG BOLD SHAPES COMPOSED”
• REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES EXPRESSED.
• BRICK WORK AND STONE.
• LARGENESS OF SCALE, STRONG, MUSCULAR CHARACTER.
• LARGE AREA OF BLANK WALL.
• OFF FORM CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.
• DIAGONAL, SLOPPING OR STRONG CURVED ELEMENTS CONSTRANING WITH HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL
MEMBERS
EXAMPLES:
Bold shapes
VIENNA CHURCH
Massive form
Large area of blank
wall
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
FAMOUS ARCHITECTS
LE CORBUSIER
Ex: UNITE D’HABITATION IN MARSEILLES
• USED RAW CONCRETE AND IS SEEN AS AN EARLY
EXAMPLE OF BRUTALISM.
SIR DENYS LESDUN
Ex: 20 BEDFORD WAY IN BLOOMSBURY
• USED ROUGH TEXTURES IN HIS CONCRETE FORMS, IN
PARTICULAR WOOD ‘SHUTTERING’ FORM WHEN
CONCRETE WAS CAST IN SITE.
SIR BASIL SPENCE
Ex:CONVENTRY CATHEDRAL
• CONSTRUCTED OF RED SANDSTONE.
• PROJECTING OUT ARE THE CIRCULAR CHAPEL OF UNITY
AND THE CHAPEL OF INDUSTRY.
• LARGE ARTWORKS COMMISSIONED BY SPENCE INCLUDE
THE BAPTISTERY WINDOW STAINED GLASS.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
ERNO GOLDFINGER
Ex: BALFRON TOWER IN EAST LONDON
• COMPOSITION OF VOLUMES
. LOUIS KHAN
Ex: JATIYO SANGSAD BHVAN
PETER AND ALISON SMITHSON HUNSTANTON
Ex: SECONDARY MODERN SCHOOL IN NORFOLK
• EXTERNAL STEEL FRAME.
• STRUCTURAL FRAME, WELDED ON SITE TO MAKE A
CONTINUOUS PLASTIC STRUCTURES TO SAVE STEEL.
• THE STANDARD SECTIONS, THROUGH LARGE AND IN
SHORT SUPPLY, WERE RELATIVELY CHEAP.
• THE BRICK END WAS BRACE THE STRUCTURE, AND
INSIDE ALL THE FINISHES AND PIPES ARE EXPOSED.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
2)MODERNISM
INTRODUCTION
•DURATION: LATE 19TH- EARLY 20TH CENTURY
•PREDECESSOR: NORDIC CLASSICISM
• MODERNISM IS EFFORTS TO RECONCILE THE PRINCIPLES UNDERLYING ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
WITH RAPID TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT AND THE MODERNIZATION OF SOCIETY.
• MAJOR CONCEPT: FORM FOLLOWS FUNCTION
•MODERNISM MODERNISM IS A PHILOSOPHICAL MOVEMENT THAT, ALONG WITH CULTURAL
TRENDS AND CHANGES, AROSE FROM WIDE-SCALE AND FAR-REACHING TRANSFORMATIONS IN
WESTERN SOCIETY IN THE LATE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURIES.
•THE TERM IS OFTEN APPLIED TO MODERNIST MOVEMENTS AT THE TURN OF THE 20TH CENTURY,
WITH EFFORTS TO RECONCILE THE PRINCIPLES UNDERLYING ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN WITH RAPID
TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT AND THE MODERNIZATION OF SOCIETY.
INFLUENTIAL ARCHITECTS:
• LUDWIG MIES VAN DER ROHE
• LE CORBUSIER
• WALTER GROPIUS
• ERICH MENDELSOHN
• FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
• LOUIS SULLIVAN
• GERRIT RIETVELD
• ARNE JACOBSEN
•OSCAR NIEMEYER
•ALVAR AALTO
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
CHARACTERSTICS
• COMMON THEMES OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE INCLUDE:
• THE NOTION THAT "FORM FOLLOWS FUNCTION", A DICTUM ORIGINALLY EXPRESSED BY FRANK
LLOYD WRIGHT'S EARLY MENTOR LOUIS SULLIVAN, MEANING THAT THE RESULT OF DESIGN
SHOULD DERIVE DIRECTLY FROM ITS PURPOSE
• SIMPLICITY AND CLARITY OF FORMS AND ELIMINATION OF "UNNECESSARY DETAIL"
• MATERIALS AT 90 DEGREES TO EACH OTHER
• VISUAL EXPRESSION OF STRUCTURE (AS OPPOSED TO THE HIDING OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS)
• THE RELATED CONCEPT OF "TRUTH TO MATERIALS", MEANING THAT THE TRUE NATURE OR
NATURAL APPEARANCE OF A MATERIAL OUGHT TO BE SEEN RATHER THAN CONCEALED OR
ALTERED TO REPRESENT SOMETHING ELSE
• USE OF INDUSTRIALLY-PRODUCED MATERIALS; ADOPTION OF THE MACHINE AESTHETIC
• PARTICULARLY IN INTERNATIONAL STYLE MODERNISM, A VISUAL EMPHASIS ON HORIZONTAL
AND VERTICAL LINES
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
EXAMPLES:
THE GUGGENHEIM MUSEUM
• SITUATED IN MANHATTAN, NEW YORK CITY, IT IS THE PERMANENT HOME OF A RENOWNED AND
CONTINUOUSLY EXPANDING COLLECTION OF IMPRESSIONIST, POST- IMPRESSIONIST, EARLY MODERN
AND CONTEMPORARY ART.
• DESIGNED BY FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT, THE CYLINDRICAL BUILDING, WIDER AT THE TOP THAN THE
BOTTOM, WAS CONCEIVED AS A "TEMPLE OF THE SPIRIT".
• ITS DESIGN WAS INSPIRED BY A "ZIGGURAT" BABYLONIAN TEMPLE PYRAMID, INVERTED.
• THE MUSEUM GUGGENHEIN EXHIBITS A GREAT DIFFERENCE TO THE BUILDINGS IN THE VICINITY
BECAUSE OF ITS SPIRAL SHAPE, MARKED BY THE MERGEING OF TRIANGLES, OVALS, ARCS, CIRCLES
AND SQUARES, WHICH CORRESPOND TO THE CONCEPT OF ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE
• ITS UNIQUE RAMP GALLERY EXTENDS UP FROM GROUND LEVEL IN A LONG, CONTINUOUS SPIRAL
ALONG THE OUTER EDGES OF THE BUILDING TO END JUST UNDER THE CEILING SKYLIGHT.
• THE MATERIALS USED IN ITS CONSTRUCTION WERE BASICALLY PRECAST CONCRETE BLOCKS. THE
WHITE PAINT USED ON THE INTERNAL WALLS MAKES THE WORKS OF ART STAND OUT. THE SKYLIGHT
IS SUPPORTED BY STEEL JOINTS.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
3)NEO CLASSISM
NEOCLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE
• ARCHITECTURAL STYLE PRODUCED BY THE NEOCLASSICAL MOVEMENT
•LASTED 1850-1900.
•REACTION AGAINST THE ROCOCO STYLE OF NATURALISTIC ORNAMENT I
•IN ITS PUREST FORM IT IS A STYLE PRINCIPALLY DERIVED FROM THE ARCHITECTURE OF CLASSICAL
GREECE AND ROME AND THE
• ARCHITECTURE OF THE ITALIAN ARCHITECT ANDREA PALLADIO.
CHARACTERISTICS
•INTERNATIONAL MOVEMENT-NEOCLASSICAL IDEAS IN ARCHITECTURE SPREAD QUICKLY
THROUGHOUT EUROPE.
• EMPHASIZE ITS PLANAR QUALITIES, RATHER THAN SCULPTURAL VOLUMES.
• PROJECTIONS AND RECESSIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS OF LIGHT AND SHADE ARE MORE FLAT,
SCULPTURAL BAS- RELIEFS ARE FLATTER AND TEND TO BE ENFRAMED IN FRIEZES, TABLETS OR
PANELS.
•IN FORM, NEOCLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE EMPHASIZES THE WALL RATHER THAN CHIAROSCURO AND
MAINTAINS SEPARATE IDENTITIES TO EACH OF ITS PARTS.
•CLEARLY ARTICULATED INDIVIDUAL FEATURES – ISOLATED.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
A NEOCLASSICAL BUILDING IS LIKELY TO HAVE SOME (BUT NOT NECESSARILY ALL) OF THESE
FEATURES:
• CLEAN, ELEGANT LINES
•UNCLUTTERED APPEARANCE
•FREE STANDING COLUMNS
• MASSIVE BUILDINGS
• SYMMETRICAL SHAPE
•TALL COLUMNS THAT RISE THE FULL HEIGHT OF THE BUILDING
• TRIANGULAR PEDIMENT
THE IDEAL FORM THAT NEOCLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE LOOKS AT WAS THE TEMPLE.WHICH WAS REPRESENTED
CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE IN ITS PUREST FORM.
• COLUMNS WERE USED TO CARRY THE WEIGHT OF THE BUILDING'S STRUCTURE. BUT LATER THEY BECAME
USED AS A GRAPHICAL ELEMENT.
• ROOF IS USUALLY FLAT AND HORIZONTAL AND OFTEN IS VISIBLE FROM THE GROUND.
• NEOCLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE STYLE HAD NO DOMES OR TOWERS.
• BUILDING'S FACADE IS FLAT AND LONG. OFTEN HAVING A SCREEN OF FREE- STANDING COLUMNS.
• EXTERIOR WAS BUILT IN SUCH WAYS AS TO REPRESENT CLASSICAL PERFECTION. DOORS AND WINDOWS
WERE BUILT TO REPRESENT THAT PERFECTION. DECORATIONS WERE REDUCED TO A MINIMUM ON OUTSIDE.
• THERE WERE OFTEN GARDENS AROUND BUILDINGS COMPLETED IN GEOMETRIC PATTERNS
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
TYPES OF NEOCLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE:
1.
2.
3.
TEMPLE STYLE
PALLADIAN STYLE
CLASSICAL BLOCK STYLE
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
EXAMPLES OF NEO CLASSISM ARCHITECTURE :
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
4)MINIMALISM
INTRODUCTION
• STARTED IN 1960S IN U.S.
•IT WAS THE REACTION TO ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM.
• THE FORMS ARE ABSTRACT, CLEAN, SIMPLE, AND ARE MACHINE MADE.
• DESCRIBED IN ART, DESIGN AND MUSIC.
• INFLUENCED BY JAPANESE TRADITIONAL DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE
PHILOSOPHY
• ELIMINATE EMOTION, MEANINGS AND INDICATIONS.
• CREATION OF SINGULARITY.
• MOVE AWAY FROM ALTERNATE PERCEPTIONS.
• LESS IS MORE
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
4)MINIMALISM
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
4)MINIMALISM
MINIMALISTIC PAINTINGS
•GEOMETRY AND SYMMETRY IS CONSIDERED.
•NO DEPICTION OF ANY EMOTION.
• FRANK STELLA, DIE FAHNE HOCH!, 1959
•WHITNEY MUSEUM OF AMERICAN ART FRANK STELLA HARRAN II 1967 '23'
•OIL ON CANVAS PAINTING BY JOHN MCCRACKEN, 1964
•SMITHSONIAN AMERICAN ART MUSEUM
ARCHITECTS:
•OTADAO ANDO (JAPAN, 1941)
•OALBERTO CAMPO BAEZA (SPAIN, 1946)
•OLUIS BARRAGÁN (MEXICO, 1902 – 1988)
•OJOHN PAWSON (UK, 1949)
•OANTOINE PREDOCK (USA, 1936)
•OCLAUDIO SILVESTRIN (ITALY, 1954)
•OÁLVARO SIZA VIEIRA (PORTUGAL, 1933)
•OPETER ZUMTHOR (SWITZERLAND, 1943)
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
4)MINIMALISM
DESIGN ELEMENTS AND CONCEPTS
• THE CONSIDERATIONS FOR ‘ESSENCES’ ARE LIGHT,
FORM, DETAIL OF MATERIAL, SPACE, PLACE AND
HUMAN CONDITION.
• MINIMALIST ARCHITECTS NOT ONLY CONSIDER
THE PHYSICAL QUALITIES OF THE BUILDING BUT
ALSO LOOK DEEPLY INTO THE SPIRITUAL
DIMENSION AND THE INVISIBLE, BY LISTENING TO
THE FIGURE AND PAYING ATTENTION TO THE
DETAILS, PEOPLE, SPACE, NATURE AND MATERIALS,
WHICH REVEALS THE ABSTRACT QUALITY OF
SOMETHING THAT IS INVISIBLE AND SEARCH FOR
THE ESSENCE FROM THOSE INVISIBLE QUALITIES.
HYOGO PREFECTURAL MUSEUM OF ART, KOBE BY
TADAO ANDO
•DE STIJL MOVEMENT LAID FOUNDATION OF
MINIMALISM THE MAJOR PRINCIPLES ADVOCATED
BY DE STIJL MOVEMENT ARE SIMPLIFIED VISUAL
COMPOSITIONS TO THE VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL
DIRECTIONS, AND USE OF ONLY PRIMARY COLORS
(TOGETHER WITH BLACK AND WHITE).
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
4)MINIMALISM
EXAMPLE: NATURAL LIGHT, SKY, EARTH AND AIR. IN ADDITION, THEY OPEN UP DIALOGUE WITH THE
SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT TO DECIDE THE MOST ESSENTIAL MATERIALS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION AND
CREATE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN BUILDINGS AND SITES.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
4)MINIMALISM
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
5)DE CONSTRUCTIVISM
ABSTRACT “WHEN WE DECONSTRUCT ANYTHING, WE SIMPLY DO NOT DESTROY, DISSOLVE OR CANCEL THE
LEGITIMACY OF WHAT WE WILL BE CONSTRUCTING”. -JACQUES DERRIDAINTRODUCTION –
WHAT?
•IT IS AN ARCHITECTURAL MOVEMENT THAT BEGAN IN THE EARLY 1980S.
• IT IS INFLUENCED BY THE THEORY OF "DECONSTRUCTION".
• IT IS CHARACTERIZED BY FRAGMENTATION, AND INTEREST IN MANIPULATING A STRUCTURE'S
SURFACE OR SKIN THROUGH TRANSFORM THE BASIC VOLUMES OF ARCHITECTURE (CUBE, CUBOID,
PYRAMID & SPHERE) IN ORDER TO RECOMBINE IT IN A NEW HYBRID SHAPES.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
5)DE CONSTRUCTIVISM
WHY?
• DECONSTRUCTIVISM REJECTED THE POSTMODERN ACCEPTANCE OF THE HISTORICAL REFERENCES, AS
WELL AS THE IDEA OF ORNAMENT AS AN AFTER-THOUGHT OR DECORATION
DECONSTRIVISM
ARCHITECTURE
MORDERN ARCHITECTURE
POST-MORDERN
ARCHITECTURE
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
5)DE CONSTRUCTIVISM
GOALS
• DECONSTRUCTIVISM ATTEMPTS TO MOVE AWAY FROM THE SUPPOSEDLY CONSTRICTING 'RULES' OF
MODERNISM SUCH AS: FORM FOLLOWS FUNCTION
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
5)DE CONSTRUCTIVISM
HISTORY
• DECONSTRUCTIVISM CAME TO PUBLIC NOTICE WITH THE 1982 PARC DE LA VILLETTE
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN COMPETITION.
• (ESPECIALLY THE ENTRY FROM JACQUES DERRIDA AND PETER EISENMAN AND BERNARD TSCHUMI'S
WINNING ENTRY).
• THE NEW YORK EXHIBITION FEATURED WORKS BY FRANK GEHRY, DANIEL LIBESKIND, REM
KOOLHAAS, PETER EISENMAN, ZAHA HADID, COOP HIMMELB(L)AU, AND BERNARD TSCHUMI.
• THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART’S (MOMA) 1988 DECONSTRUCTIVIST ARCHITECTURE EXHIBITION
IN NEW YORK, ORGANIZED BY PHILIP JOHNSON AND MARK WIGLEY.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
5)DE CONSTRUCTIVISM
PHILOSOPHY
•THE CLEAREST EXPLANATION ON DERRIDA’S THINKING, WHICH I ALSO FOUND TO BE NOTORIOUSLY
DIFFICULT.
•IT’S FUNDAMENTAL TO DERRIDA’S EXTRAORDINARY VIEW OF THE WORLD THAT NOTHING HAS
MUCH MEANING ANYWAY.
• THAT’S WHY HE STRUGGLES SO HARD NOT TO COMMUNICATE WITH US; HE ACTUALLY INTENDS IT
TO BE DIFFICULT FOR US TO FIND OUT WHAT HE SAYS, IF HE HAS ANYTHING TO SAY AT ALL!
• MANY ATTEMPTS TO EXPLAIN OR TO ANALYZE DECONSTRUCTION HAVE BEEN VIOLENTLY REBUTTED
ON THE GROUNDS THAT SUCH APPROACHES VIOLATE THE VERY NATURE OF DECONSTRUCTION.
• ITS PROPONENTS INSIST THAT "IT CANNOT BE DESCRIBED AND STATED AS OTHER POSITIONS CAN"
BECAUSE IT IS A NEW FORM OF LOGIC THAT HAS SUPERSEDED THE OLD TRADITIONAL LOGIC IN
WHICH SUCH ANALYSES ARE COUCHED.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
5)DE CONSTRUCTIVISM
CHARACTERISTICS
•DECONSTRUCTIVIST ARCHITECTURE IS CHARACTERISED BY SURFACE MANIPULATION, FRAGMENTATION,
AND NON-RECTILINEAR SHAPES WHICH DISTORT AND DISLOCATE ARCHITECTURAL CONVENTIONS
CONCERNING STRUCTURE AND ENVELOPE.
• IT DELIBERATELY JUXTAPOSES ELEMENTS THAT APPEAR TO CONTRADICT EACH OTHER IN ORDER TO
CHALLENGE TRADITIONAL IDEAS OF HARMONY AND CONTINUITY - EVEN STABILITY! IN SHORT,
DECONSTRUCTIVISM CHALLENGES ALMOST ALL TRADITIONAL STYLES OF BUILDING DESIGN. HOWEVER, IT IS
REALLY NO MORE THAN A SERIES OF POSTMODERNIST "IMPULSES" RATHER THAN A COHERENT MOVEMENT,
OR A CONSISTENT DESIGN STYLE.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
5)DE CONSTRUCTIVISM
EXAMPLES OF DECONSTRUCTIVIST ARCHITECTURE
1.CONTEMPORARY ARTS CENTER, CINCINNATI, OHIO
•THE LOIS AND RICHARD ROSENTHAL CENTER IN CINCINNATI - ONE OF THE BEST GALLERIES OF
CONTEMPORARY ART CONCENTRATING ON HYPERMODERN PAINTING, SCULPTURE, ARCHITECTURE,
PHOTOGRAPHY, PERFORMANCE ART AND NEW MEDIA - IS COMMITTED TO STAGING EXHIBITIONS
BY POSTMODERNIST ARTISTS WHO ENCAPSULATE"THE ART OF THE LAST FIVE MINUTES". PERHAPS
APPROPRIATELY THEREFORE, IT WAS DESIGNED BY THE PIONEERING DESCONSTRUCTIVIST ZAHA HADID,
THE IRAQI-BORN BRITISH PRITZKER PRIZE WINNING FEMALE ARCHITECT. SEE ALSO: GUGGENHEIM
MUSEUM BILBAO (1997)
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
5)DE CONSTRUCTIVISM
WALT DISNEY CONCERT HALL, LOS ANGELES
DESIGNED BY FRANK GEHRY
COMPLETED: 2003
LAUNCHED IN 1987, COMPLETED DESIGNS FOR THE PROJECT WERE SUBMITTED IN 1991.
CONSTRUCTION BEGAN IN 1992 AND FINISHED IN 2003, AT A COST OF $274 MILLION. COMPOSED
OF A SERIES OF NON-RECTILINEAR SILVER STAINLESS CURVED CUBOID SHAPES, THE CONCERT HALL
SEATS 2,265 PEOPLE AND SERVES AS THE HOME OF THE LOS ANGELES PHILHARMONIC
ORCHESTRA. IT HAS EXPERIENCED A NUMBER OF TECHNICAL PROBLEMS
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
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2019 - 2020
5)DE CONSTRUCTIVISM
NATIONALE-NEDERLANDEN BUILDING, PRAGUE
DESIGNED BY VLADO MILUNIC AND FRANK GEHRY
COMPLETED: 1996
CHRISTENED "THE DANCING HOUSE", OR "FRED AND GINGER", THIS EXTRAORDINARY BUILDING NEXT
TO THE VLTAVA RIVER WON THE DESIGN OF THE YEAR 1996 AWARD FROM TIME MAGAZINE, BUT DID
NOT HARMONIZE WELL WITH THE GOTHIC, BAROQUE AND ART NOUVEAU STRUCTURES FOR WHICH
PRAGUE IS FAMOUS. HOWEVER AFTER SEVERAL YEARS, IT IS NOW CONSIDERED TO BE ONE OF THE
MOST INTERESTING BUILDINGS IN THE CITY. ITS INTERIOR WAS DESIGNED BY THE CZECH-BORN
ARCHITECT EVA JIRICNA
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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1085002
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SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
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LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
5)DE CONSTRUCTIVISM
JEWISH MUSEUM, BERLIN, GERMANY
DESIGNED BY DANIEL LIBESKIND
COMPLETED: 2001
THIS EXAMPLE OF SHOAH ART CONSISTS OF A UNIQUE ZIG-ZAG STRUCTURE, ENCASED IN THIN ZINC
SHEETING PUNCTURED BY WINDOWS SHAPED TO SYMBOLIZE WOUNDS AND SCARS, WHOSE SHAPE WAS
INSPIRED BY A BENT STAR OF DAVID, AND A JAGGEDNESS WHICH REPRESENTS THE JEWISH CONDITION. A
HUGE GAP IS CARVED THROUGH THE MUSEUM, SYMBOLIZING THE DISAPPEARANCE OF THOUSANDS OF
BERLINERS WHO VANISHED IN THE HOLOCAUST.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
5)DE CONSTRUCTIVISM
VITRA DESIGN MUSEUM, WEIL AM RHEIN, GERMANY
DESIGNED BY FRANK GEHRY
COMPLETED: 1989
AN ABSTRACT ASSEMBLAGE OF CUBIST AND CURVACEOUS FORMS, THE MUSEUM HOUSES ONE
OF THE LARGEST COLLECTIONS OF FURNITURE IN THE WORLD, INCORPORATING MOST PERIODS
AND STYLES FROM THE NINETEENTH CENTURY TO THE MODERN ERA. FRANK GEHRY'S FIRST
BUILDING IN EUROPE, CREATED IN COOPERATION WITH THE LORRACH DESIGNER GUNTER
PFEIFER, THE VITRA DESIGN MUSEUM IS ONE OF SEVERAL ARCHITECTURAL DELIGHTS ON THE
CAMPUS OF FURNITURE COMPANY VITRA.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
6)ART DECO STYLE
INTRODUCTION
•ART DECO IS THE NAME GIVEN TO AN ART AND DESIGN STYLE POPULAR IN EUROPE AND AMERICA
FROM THE MID-1920S UNTIL BEFORE WORLD WAR II.
• IT TRACED ITS BEGINNINGS TO THE EXPOSITION INTERNATIONALE DES ARTS DECORATIFS ET
INDUSTRIELS MODERNES, AN INTERNATIONAL DESIGN SHOW HELD IN PARIS IN 1925.
• THE ARTISTS, DESIGNERS AND ARCHITECTS WHO WORKED IN ART DECO WANTED TO CREATE A
MODERN STYLE FOR A MODERN AGE AND THEY PURPOSELY AVOIDED ECHOES OF PAST STYLES.
•THE NAME 'ART DECO', BY THE WAY, COMES FROM THE TITLE OF THAT INTERNATIONAL SHOW.
•ART DECO CELEBRATED THE MODERN WORLD AND INDUSTRY AND DEVELOPED FROM WHAT PEOPLE
SAW AS THE PROMISE OF THE MACHINE AGE.
• IT WAS SLEEK AND SOPHISTICATED, FEATURING SMOOTH SURFACES AND BOLD COLORS IN HIGH
CONTRASTS LIKE BLACK AND WHITE.
•IT WAS INFLUENCED BY SEVERAL MODERN ART MOVEMENTS, INCLUDING CUBISM, WHERE SHAPES
WERE PORTRAYED AS FRAGMENTED WITH MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES VIEWABLE AT ONCE.
•THERE'S AN ANGULARITY TO ART DECO.
ARCHITECTURE DONE IN THIS STYLE IS HARD-EDGED AND GEOMETRIC, OFTEN WITH A STEPPED
OUTLINE.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
6)ART DECO STYLE
FEATURES:
•THERE'S A STRONG VERTICAL EMPHASIS, TOO. EVERYTHING POINTS UP.
• ART DECO STRUCTURES FEATURE CONSIDERABLE SURFACE DECORATION, ESPECIALLY AROUND THE TOPS
OF SKYSCRAPERS.
•LOOK ALSO AT THE AREAS AROUND WINDOWS AND DOORS. MANY BUILDINGS HAD SURFACE
DECORATIONS ABOVE DOORS AND WINDOWS DONE IN LOW RELIEF THAT COMBINED GEOMETRIC
PATTERNS AND FIGURES.
•ONE GOOD EXAMPLE IS A RELIEF PANEL FROM THE LOBBY OF THE DAILY EXPRESS BUILDING IN LONDON.
CONTRASTING TONES OF GOLD AND SILVER HIGHLIGHT ANGULAR FIGURES.
•THE CENTRAL FIGURE HAS STRONG VERTICAL EMPHASIS.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
6)ART DECO STYLE
•POPULAR DESIGN ELEMENTS IN ART DECO INCLUDED GEOMETRIC SHAPES LIKE THE PYRAMID;
THE CHEVRON, AN INVERTED V SHAPE CONNECTED TO FORM ZIGZAG LINES; AND LIGHTNING
BOLTS.
•ART DECO ALSO SOMETIMES USED STYLIZED IMAGES FROM NATURE LIKE WATERFALLS,
SUNRISES, AND PALM TREE LEAVES.
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
6)ART DECO STYLE
EXAMPLE OF AN ART DECO THEATER BUILDING.
NOTICE THE OPAQUE PLATE GLASS EXTERIOR WALL
SURFACES AND THE GLASS BLOCKS IN THE TOWER.
VIEW OF THE TOP OF THE CHRYSLER
BUILDING IN NEW YORK
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020
THANK YOU ..!
Project Name:
Students Name:
Shrey Patel (163541050015) , Deep Jadav (163541050005)
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
|
1085002
|
SEM VIII
ASSIGNMENT --1
|
LJ SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
|
2019 - 2020