Latundan Banana (Musa balbisiana x Musa paradisiaca) Peelings as an A lternative Source of Isopropyl Alco hol Group 9 ( THE INQUIRIES) Dionne Marc Enrico ( leader ) Jhon Paul Yverson L. Janer James Polinar Ivan Japona Jeremiah Kyle Pagtaconan Raphael Alibangbang CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY • Bananas are one of the most favorite fruits of filipinos. We eat different types of bananas in our house or even in other places. Th e waste from these bananas are so high. The Saba banana (Musa acuminata x balbisiana) peelings pollutes our surroundings when p eople throw it anywhere after eating or using it. In this pandemic pe riod, alcohols are always selling out drastically in the whole world. Poor people and late buyers we're not able to buy their own alcohol in the midst of this pandemic. Therefore, the researchers thought of using an alternative raw material in which everybody could afford. T he researchers came up of the raw material which is the banana pe els. It has a high content of chemical substance that can be conver ted into isopropyl alcohol. Everyone affords or recycled the things t hat they used in this research. The study aims to produce isopropyl alcohol out of Saba banana extract added with yeast and ferment it for 3 weeks. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY • COVID-19 is one of the controversial or present problem in the w orld. There is no final or tested cure to stop this virus. WHO (Wor ld Health Organization) imposed health protocols that everyone s hould be followed. Those health protocols are wearing facemask and/or faceshield, social/physical distancing and washing hands or using alcohol. Because of the health protocols, facemask, fac eshield and alcohol are running out. Also, eating vegetables and fruits are one of the recommended protocol due to pandemic. Be cause of high-demands of alcohol, not all people can afford to bu y alcohol. So, the researchers decided to reuse banana peel as alternative for alcohol. • The beneficiaries of this study are: • World Health Organization - can be publish on how to produce alco hol in other way. • Philippines - to have lot of stack of alcohol and to reduce waste like banana peel. • Filipinos - no need to spend money because of the artificial alcohol from banana peels. • Researchers – the researchers gain more information or knowledge about using Banana peels as alternative isopropyl alcohol. • Future Researchers- they can use this study as their guide or basis for their study. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 1.How may the developed Isopropyl alcohol from banana(m usa paradisiaca) peelings be described in terms of: a. Flammability b. Odor c. Turbidity d. Color 2. What are the chemical compositions of developed Isopr opyl Alcohol? SCOPE AND LIMITATION This study focus on Latundan ban ana ( Musa balbisiana x Musa paradis iaca ) peels as the material of this stu dy. This study will focus only in conve rting it into rubbing alcohol or Isoprop yl alcohol. RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS •Alternative Hypothesis This hypothesis predicts that the isop ropyl alcohol that is made from Latundan banana peelings will have a the same ph ysical characteristics as the normal isopro pyl alcohol. CHAPTER 2 RELATED LITERATURE Detection of Antimicrobial Activity of Banana Peel (Suraj Premal Kapadia, Push pa S. Pudakalkatti, and Sachin Shivanaikar, 2015) In India, they still use traditional practice for treatment of various dis eases since Vedic period. Periodontitis is the very common disease in India, leads t o loss of tooth supporting structure and tooth. Various traditional plants and plant pr oducts have shown antimicrobial activity against periodontal pathogens and one of t he example is banana. Banana is a tropical fruit belonging to Musaceae family and grown in all countries all over the world. All parts of banana plant have medicinal ap plication and banana peel is a waste product of banana plant. Studies have shown t hat banana peel also has medicinal properties which reported to exert pharmacolog ical effects, especially as an antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antibioti c. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4678547/ • Antifungal and Antibacterial Activities of Musa paradisiaca L. Pee l Extract: HPLC Analysis of Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents (Sai d I. Behiry. Mohmmad K. Okla, Saud A. Alamri, et.al. 2019) Musa paradisiaca L., growing in tropical and subtropical countries, is used globally for its nutritional value. Phytochemical screening showed that M. paradisiaca peel contains tannins, alkaloids, steroids, saponin, flavonoids, and carbohydrates, while cyanogenic glycoside was absent . The fruit, peels, and leaves of M. paradisiaca are used in traditional medicine. https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/7/4/215/htm Medicinal uses of banana (Musa paradisiaca) (D. Shruthi 2018) Fruits are important component of healthy diet. Some fruits offer greate r medical benefits, one such fruit is banana. Banana, plantain, or Musa paradisiaca is a large, herbaceous plant native to India and Southeast Asia. Banana is the common name for herbaceous plants of the genus Musa and for the fruit they produce. It is one of the oldest cultivated pl ants. All parts of the banana plant have medicinal applications. https://jprsolutions.info/files/final-file-5c4161701abf69.84880663.pdf PRODUCTION OF BANANA ALCOHOL AND UTILIZATION OF BAN ANA RESIDUE (Prabir Dhar , Sudipta Das et.al. 2013) Many modern wineries eliminate the original microbial population of th e must by pasteurization or by treatment with sulphur di oxide. The mu st is then inoculated with a starter culture derived from a pure culture o f a suitable strain of wine yeast. This procedure eliminates many of the uncertainties and difficulties of older methods. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.685.4178&rep =rep1&type=pdf The researchers demonstrate the antimicrobial activity of banana pee l against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but none of them were done on the periodontal pathogens. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the presence of antibacterial activity and m inimum inhibitory concentration of alcohol extract of banana peel. The method that they used are extract preparation from banana peel, well diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration. The results sug gest that banana peel has antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis a nd A. actinomycetemcomitans. This result opens new avenues of res earches to be done on clinical isolates of all periodontopathogens wit h different varieties of banana and its extracts. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK PROCESS INPUT The study aims to prov e that Latundan banana peels used as alternativ e Isopropyl alcohol and the comparison of Isopr opyl alcohol made from Latundan banana peels to the normal Isopropyl alcohol. -Collecting Latundan banana pe els -Chopping it into small pieces an d mash it. -boiled for several hour to form a base of juice and pulp. -strained that banana mash, add sugar to the leftover juice and bo iled again. -the boiled juice left to cool -wine yeast is added to the coole d juice and placed in plastic ferm entation tanks for 15-20 days. -the fermented liquid is diluted wi th sterilized water, bottled and th en shipped for distribution -oxidize ethanol to acetalaldehyd e which treating with grignard’s r eagent gives isopropyl alcohol OUTPUT The final product will be compared to the normal alcohol if they are the s ame and can be a alter native Isopropyl alcohol . DEFINITION OF TERMS • Antimicrobial - is an agent that kills microorganisms or stops their growth. • Periodontitis - also called gum disease, is a serious gum infection that damages the soft tissue and, without treatment, can destroy the bone that supports your te eth. • Musaceae - are a family of flowering plants in the order Zingiberales. The family i s native to the tropics of the Old World. The plants are large herbs with very big l eaves; the lower parts of the leaves form a false stem so they look as trees. • P. gingivalis – “Porphyromonas gingivalis” belongs to the phylum Bacteroidetes and is a nonmotile, Gram-negative, rod-shaped, anaerobic, pathogenic bacterium . It forms black colonies on blood agar. • A. actinomycetemcomitans – “Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitan s” is associated with nonoral infections such as endocarditis. CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY Research Design This research will use Experimental method as a rese arch design. This study go through scientific process or pro cedure to gather information. This process will be used to g ather information about Latundan Banana peel as alternativ e Isopropyl alcohol. SETTING OF THE STUDY This study will be done at Antipolo City Senior High S chool at Olalia Road, Barangay Santa Cruz, Antipolo Cit y. RESEARCH INSTRUMENT In this study, the materials that will be used are : • • • • • Latundan banana peel Yeast Jar Water Stove PROCEDURE OF THE STUDY • • • • • • -Collecting Latundan banana peels -Chopping it into small pieces and mash it. -boiled for several hour to form a base of juice and pulp. -strained that banana mash, add sugar to the leftover juice and boiled again. -the boiled juice left to cool -wine yeast is added to the cooled juice and placed in plastic fermentation tanks f or 15-20 days. • -the fermented liquid is diluted with sterilized water, bottled and then shipped for distribution • -oxidize ethanol to acetalaldehyde which treating with grignard’s reagent gives is opropyl alcohol
