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. 2005 Oct;30(5):591-624.
doi: 10.1139/h05-143.
Muscle hypertrophy models: applications for
research on aging
Stephen E Alway 1 , Parco M Siu, Zsolt Murlasits, David C Butler
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PMID: 16293906
DOI: 10.1139/h05-143
Abstract
Muscle hypertrophy is an adaptive response to overload that requires increasing
gene transcription and synthesis of muscle-specific proteins resulting in increased
protein accumulation. Progressive resistance training (P(RT)) is thought to be among
the best means for achieving hypertrophy in humans. However, hypertrophy and
functional adaptations to P(RT) in the muscles of humans are often difficult to
evaluate because adaptations can take weeks, months, or even years before they
become evident, and there is a large variability in response to P(RT) among humans.
In contrast, various animal models have been developed which quickly result in
extensive muscle hypertrophy. Several such models allow precise control of the
loading parameters and records of muscle activation and performance throughout
overload. Scientists using animal models of muscle hypertrophy should be familiar
with the advantages and disadvantages of each and thereby choose the model that
best addresses their research question. The purposes of this paper are to review
animal models currently being used in basic research laboratories, discuss the
hypertrophic and functional outcomes as well as applications of these models to
aging, and highlight a few mechanisms involved in regulating hypertrophy as a result
of applying these animal models to questions in research on aging.
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