DNA, RNA, Transcription and Translation Unit Review
Complete the assignment using class notes and internet resources.
1. What does DNA stand for? Deoxyribonucleic acid
2. What are three parts of a nucleotide? a phosphate group, a 5-carbon sugar, and a
nitrogenous base.
3. List the four nitrogen bases of DNA.--adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), or thymine (T)
4. How do the bases match up together for DNA? he two strands are held together by
hydrogen bonds between the bases, with adenine forming a base pair with thymine, and
cytosine forming a base pair with guanine.
5. What is the shape or structure of a DNA strand? double helix.
6.
What is the function of DNA?
7.
8. What is the type of bond that holds the base pairs together?
9. Which two bases have 2 hydrogen bonds and which two bases have 3 hydrogen bonds?
10.What makes up the backbone of the DNA molecule?
11. What are 3 differences between RNA and DNA?
12.What are the three types of RNA and what is the function of each?
13.How many nucleotides does it take to make one amino acid?
14.Where are proteins built?
15. List 3 reasons why proteins are important.
16.Where does transcription take place and what happens?
17.What is the process called that changes DNA to mRNA?
18.What is the process called that uses tRNA to carry amino acids to mRNA to build a
polypeptide (amino acid chain)?
19.Fill in the process for each and the matching bases:
DNA to
DNA
DNA to
mRNA
mRNA to
tRNA
Process:
Process:
Process:
Adenine -
Adenine -
Adenine -
Thymine -
Thymine -
Thymine -
Cytosine -
Cytosine -
Cytosine -
Guanine -
Guanine -
Guanine -
20.Where does translation take place and what happens?