Chapter – 2:
Questions
2. Income of households, measured in dollars
4. Count of customers who shop at outlets of a
chain of retail stores
6. Shipping costs in dollars for deliveries from a
catalogue warehouse
8. Number of employees absent from work each
day
10. Education of customer, recorded as High
school, Some college, or College Graduate
Variable name
Income
Count
Type
Numerical
Numerical
Cases
Households
Customers
Shipping cost
Numerical
Deliveries
Number
Numerical
Employees
Education
Ordinal
Customer
Chapter – 3:
Question
2. Number of different types of defects found in
computer equipment
4. Counts of the type of automobile involved in police
traffic stops
6. Reason for customers hanging up when calling a
computer help desk
8. Brand of computer chosen by new students of a large
university
10. Customer choices of compact, zoom, and high-end
digital cameras
12. Share of bank loans that are in good standing,
30 days past due, and in default
Answer
Types of defects : Pareto chart
Type of automobile : Bar chart or Pareto chart (counts) or
Pie chart (shares)
Hanging up : Pareto chart (counts)
Brand of computer : Bar chart (counts) or Pie chart (shares)
Camera : Bar chart (count), Pie chart (shares), or a table
(only three values)
Loans: Bar chart or table (only three values). As the data is
ordinal it should not be put into pie chart even though the
plot shows shares.
Chapter – 4:
Question
Answer
2. Half of the cases are smaller than this value
4. Proportion of cases lying within the box of the boxplot
6. The average of the values of a numerical variable
8. The square root of the variance
10. Proportion of a bell-shaped distribution within 1 SD of
y
Median
one half
Mean
Standard Deviation
Two thirds
Chapter – 9:
Question
2. Variance of X
4. Shorthand notation for P(X = x)
6. Is always equal to zero
8. Has standard deviation 1
Answer
Chapter – 12:
Question
Answers
2. Variance of X
4.
6. Standard deviation of Z
8. Difference between value of P(Z < -x) and value of P(Z
2/3
P(Z <1)
0.05
< x)
10. Probability that Z >1.96 plus the probability that Z < -
0
1.96
Chapter – 13:
Question
Answers
2. Census
4. Statistic
6. Sampling frame
8. Stratified sample
10. Nonresponse
A comprehensive study of every item in a population
A characteristic of a sample
A list of all of the items in the population
A sample from a homogeneous subset of the population
The result if a respondent chooses not to answer questions
Chapter – 14:
Question
2. Which of the following X-bar charts show that a process
went out of control?
4. Which, if any, of these combinations of an X-bar chart
and an S-chart suggest a problem? If there’s a problem, did
you find it in the X-bar chart, the S-chart, or both?
Answer
A, B, D
a) In X-bar chart, the process lies between control limits,
hence in control while in S-chart, the process goes above
upper control limit, hence out of control. Therefore, Schart suggests a problem.
b) In X-bar chart, the process goes below lower control
limit, hence out of control while in S-chart, the process
goes above upper control limit, hence out of control.
Therefore, both X-bar and S-charts suggest a problem.
c) In X-bar chart, the process lies between control limits,
hence in control while in S-chart, the process goes above
upper control limit, hence out of control. Therefore, Schart suggests a problem.
d) In X-bar chart, the process goes above upper control
limit, hence out of control while in S-chart, the process lies
between control limits, hence in control. Therefore, X-bar
chart suggests a problem.
Chapter – 15:
Question
Answer
2.
100% confidence interval for p
4.
6.
8. [0,1]
10.
Sampling distribution of X
Actual standard error of Y
An interval with 68% coverage
About 2 for moderate sample sizes
Chapter – 16:
Question
2. Common symbols for the alternative hypothesis
4. Number of standard errors that separate an
observed statistic from the boundary of H0
6. Largest α-level for which a test rejects the null
hypothesis
8. Occurs if the p-value is larger than a when H0 is
false
10. Indicates a statistically significant result
Answer
z-statistic
p-value
Type II error
p-value < α
Chapter – 17:
Question
2. Difference between the averages in two
samples
4. Name given to the variable that specifies
the treatments in an experiment
6. Avoids confounding in a two-sample
comparison
8. Test statistic indicating that a mean difference
is not statistically significant if
α = 0.05
10. Multiple factors explain the difference
between two samples
Answer
Factor
Randomization
t = 1.3
Confounding
Chapter – 18:
Question
2. Number of constraints on frequencies in the chi-squared test of goodness of fit of
a binomial distribution
4. P-value if χ2 = 16.812 when testing the null hypothesis that a categorical variable
with 7 levels has a uniform distribution
6. Impossible value for χ2
8. Reject the null hypothesis of independence in a 6 * 3 contingency table if χ2 is
larger than this value and α = 0.01
10. Number of degrees of freedom if using chi-squared to test whether four
proportions are the same
Answer
2
0.01
-1
23.209
3
Chapter – 19:
Question
Answer
2. Symbol for the response in a regression
Y
4. Residual from an estimated regression equation
6. Identifies the slope in a fitted line
8. Symbol for the standard deviation of the residuals
b1
10. Prediction from a fitted line if x = 1
b0 + b1
Chapter – 21:
Question
2. Not straight enough to fit a line
4. Not similar variances
6. Not nearly normal
8. Standard deviation of errors
10. Ratio of b1 to its standard error
12. Approximate prediction interval
Answer