EXAMINATION OF THE KNEE
I.
History and Mechanism of Injury:
a. Previous Injuries
b. Surgeries
c. Similar problems/complaints
 Is it recurrent? → biomechanical
d. Capsular Pattern:
i. Flex > Ext
1. Gross limitation of flexion (90˚); slight limitation of Extension (5-10˚)
e. Loose Pack Position:
i. 25˚ flexion
f.
Close Pack position:
i. Full extension and ER
II.
Lower Quarter Screen
a. Gross Range
b. Gross Strength
c. Gross Sensation
III.
Knee Examination
a. Active/Passive Range
b. Active Strength
c. Resisted Isometrics
d. Girth
i. Circumferential
e. Flexibility
i. Hamstrings
ii. Quadriceps
f. Function
i. Balance
ii. Excursion
g. Look at hip/SI
i. Genu Varum
ii. Genu Valgum
IV.
Assessment of Patella:
a. Mobility
b. Abnormality
V.
Special Tests to Determine Internal Derangement of the Knee
a. Ligaments
i. Abduction (valgus stress test)
ii. Adduction (Varus stress test)
iii. Anterior Drawer test
iv. Posterior Drawer test
v. Lachman test
b. Menisci
i. McMurray test
ii. Apley's test
c. Measuring Q-angle
i. Stationary arm – greater trochanter, ASIS, shaft of femur
ii. Axis – midpoint of patella
iii. Moving arm – tibial tubercle/shaft of tibia
iv. Norms
1. < 7 = varus
2. < 15 = excessive valgus