Security Level: 内部公开 2020/12/13 Training on Aerial Fiber Optical Cable Engineering FTTx ODN Service Product R&&D Team www.huawei.com HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Contents Introduction Engineering Materials and Tools High level Design and Low level Design Construction Procedure and Technical Points Test, Acceptance and Document Delivery HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 3 Introduction Routing the optical cables This routing technique is on the pole is called aerial applicable to the non-backbone routing. Application Definition optical cables, such as the local network trunk line engineering, user cable-distribution engineering, and access network aerial Routing of Optical Cable line engineering. Compared with the duct routing • Easy routing mode mode, the aerial optical cables are • Convenient maintenance • Flexible Advantages Disadvantages easy to be affected or damaged by • Low construction cost external environment, and to be • Short construction period. removed resulting from municipal HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. building. Huawei Confidential Page 4 Engineering Topology TB ODF OLT FDT SPL CO Feeder Cable ONT Distribution Cable Drop Cable Engineering Procedure: Pole planting Stay wire installation Suspension wire routing Optical cable routing Equipment installation Optical cable splicing Acceptance and test aerial optical cable installation and protection HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Installation on the pole Page 5 Contents Introduction Engineering Materials and Tools High Level Design and Low Level Design Engineering Procedure and Technical Points Test, Acceptance and Document Delivery HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 6 Engineering Materials Pole 7×2.6 mm Steel Strand Wire HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Staying Wire and Anchor 7 × 2.2 mm Steel Strand Wire Staple Bolt Suspension Wire and Hook Huawei Confidential Page 7 Aerial Fiber Optical Cables Outdoor: jelly filling;aluminum tape armor; HDPE sheath; 4/8/12/24/36/48/72/96/144 core; single core; G652D; metal or non-metallic strengthen member; self-bearing aerial routing. Outdoor: ADSS optical cable, all dielectric optical cable, supporting self-bearing routing, resisting high voltage, and available to be routed on high-voltage poles. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Outdoor: jelly filling; corrugated steel tape armor; PE inner sheath; HDPE outer sheath; 4/8/12/24/36/48/72/96/144 core; single core; G652D; metal strengthen member; non-self-bearing aerial routing. Outdoor: OPGW optical cable, with anti-electromagnetic inference capacity and light deadweight, and available to be installed at the top of the power transmission towers. Huawei Confidential Page 8 Engineering Tools Tool Function and Application Grappler Engineering personnel use it to climb poles. Pulley block Engineering personnel use it to hang optical cables up on suspension wires. Wire fastener Fasten suspension wires or stay wires 5-ton chain hoist Fasten suspension wires or stay wires Other engineering tools Common tools for digging holes HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Picture Page 9 Instruments and Related Materials Optical time domain reflectometer Fiber splicer Photophone or interphone Optical fiber identifier Earth resistance tester Absolute ethanol Stable optical signal tester Optical power meter Insulation strength tester Insulation resistance tester Fiber connection tools Cable core connection identifier Pledget or cellulose paper HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Tent Huawei Confidential Cable barrier tester 1 kW generator Page 10 Contents Introduction Engineering Materials and Tools High Level Design and Low Level Design Engineering Procedure and Technical Points Test, Acceptance and Document Delivery HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 11 Construction Procedure Design Preliminary Design Construction Construction Drawing Design Pole Installation Route survey Detailed survey Pole measuring Make the detailed construction solution Pole planting Determine the construction solution Output BOQ and deliver it to the subcontract department for investment assessment Output the construction drawing Stay wire installing Lightning wire and grounding wire installing and suspension wire routing HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Optical Cable Installation Route optical cables or fasten them to the bottom of the suspension wires manually or mechanically Reserve enough optical cable on the pole Optical Cable Connection Lay optical cable connectors within a range of 50 cm near the poles Protect the connectors Reserve 20 m optical cables on both sides of the connectors Huawei Confidential Terminal Connection Test and As-built Acceptance Connect enteroffice optical cables on ODF Test the characteristics of optical fibers Connect on closures, terminal of distributing boxes Make as-built technical documents Protect the grounding Page 12 Engineering acceptance 1. Purposes and Contents High Level Design Low Level Design Purposes: Function as the overall tentative plan for the technology of the engineering project; Make engineering budgets to provide the basis for engineering; Determine the investment amount to provide the basis for engineering bidding invitation. Facilitate the completion and the settlement of the Contents: Discuss the engineering construction reasons and Put forward the detailed measures (engineering solutions; equipment configuration, engineering technical Implement type selection of equipment, by adopting measures) for engineering construction; major technical measures to analyze and study the Work out a cutover scheme for the new and previous technical and economic specifications and by comparing construction solution to the project and estimating the contract signing; engineering. Contents: Focus on comparing and selecting the overall Guide the engineering and provide engineering standards; Prepare for organization and arrangement before the solutions and selecting a preferred solution; Purposes: system; Make construction drawings; Make engineering budgets; Make drawings and budgets of big engineering projects. investment budget. Note: HLD is usually prepared prior to the pre-bidding phase. The slides place emphasis on LLD. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 13 2. Preparations for Survey Start 1 2 Set up Workshop 3 Hold the design coordination meeting Preparations for survey designing 1. Set up Workshop Set up the project team according to the project scale and the project distribution after the project contract is signed. 2. Hold the design coordination meeting Organize and hold the design coordination meeting to negotiate about the plan for survey designing, determine the preparatory work, designate relevant leaders. 3. Preparations for survey designing Make preparations such as collecting area division information, existing network information, different kinds of maps, obtaining the permission to survey, drawing the schemes,arranging survey tools, and preliminarily determining the routing information and installation positions of equipment. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 14 3. Designing N 4 6 5 On-site detailed survey Detailed designing Review and approve the detailed designing Y 7 Confirm with customers in writing End 4. On-site detailed survey Determine the following information: routing direction and span, coverage areas of the equipment, information about obstacles, and the distance from the existing facilities. 5. Detailed designing The designing covers the details about the following items: aerial optical cable routing, type selection of poles, stay wires, suspension wires and aerial optical cables, fiber core allocation solution and installation position of the equipment. 6. Review and approve the detailed designing The detailed designing is review and approved in two phases. In the first phase, the designing subcontractor delivers the detailed designing documents to Huawei Planning and Design manager for reviewing and approval. In the second phase, Huawei delivers the documents to customers for reviewing and approval. 7. Confirm with customers in writing The written approval of customers about the detailed designing documents indicates the official delivery of the designing work. Note: Before designing, make good preparations for the pilot site construction, confirm with customers in writing about the following items: the designing methods, regulations, concepts, acceptance standard, and content and format of the delivery documents. The work helps avoid the rework in the follow-up engineering. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 15 4. Designing Tool—iManager MDS6690 Coverage area User density Service requirement Penetration rate …… HLD Network construction requirements of customers Integrate Huawei delivery experiences in the global market: Automatically finish network planning and design and make budgets of cost and link loss Automatically generate multiple solutions to network construction: Select the required solution based on the comparison between the cost and the network scalability iManager MDS6690 FTTx Network Designing Tools(only supporting ODN planning and design at present) Import GIS map LLD Civil work planning requirements and utilizes the existing network: ODN network designing Generate construction Site survey Design that satisfies different scenario drawings FTTH / FTTB / FTTC / FTTM / FTTO Optical splitting design that satisfies different scenario requirements: High-rise Building / Villa / Multi-story Building Capacity expansion design and upgrade design that satisfy different requirements Design that satisfies different protection requirements (Different protection modes can be selected according to the budget and customer requirements): Optical fiber backup/ OLT port / link backup/ full backup/ combined backup HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 16 5. Design Output After FTTx network designing tool finishes the engineering design, the tool automatically outputs different kinds of tables and figures for reference: Construction drawing of aerial optical cable engineering Optical cable routing drawing Optical fiber routing table Allocation drawing of equipment terminals and fiber cores Estimate table of optical link loss Equipment list BOQ of service and product Generation of plan drawing: At present, the ODN design is realized by using ODN network planning and design tools. The tools can generate documents based on the plan drawing input by the operation personnel. In this way, one-stop services are available in network construction. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 17 Contents Introduction Engineering Materials and Tools High Level Design and Low Level Design Engineer Procedure and Technical Points Test, Acceptance and Document Delivery HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 18 1. Digging Holes The routing direction of poles, the distance between two adjacent poles, the hole depth, the pole height, and the position of stay wires shall meet the engineering design requirements. The distance between two adjacent poles is 35 m to 55 m. The depth of stay wire hole: Formation of the Stay Wire Normal Soil Hard Soil Paddy Field litho-Soil Cement/Asp halt 7/2.2 1.4 m 1.3 m 1.5 m 1.0 m 0.9 m 7/2.6 1.5 m 1.4 m 1.6 m 1.1 m 1.0 m 7/3.0 1.6 m 1.5 m 1.7 m 1.2 m 1.1 m Depth of the holes: Pole Length Normal Soil Hard Soil Paddy Field litho-Soil Cement/Asp halt 7.0 m 1.4 m 1.3 m 1.5 m 1.0 m 0.9 m 8.0 m 1.5 m 1.4 m 1.6 m 1.2 m 1.1 m 9.0 m 1.6 m 1.5 m 1.7 m 1.4 m 1.2 m 10.0m 1.7m 1.6m 1.8m 1.6 m 1.5 m Note: The preceding data is for reference only. The specific standard shall be based on the local specifications. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 19 2. Planting Poles Cautions: • Put several rubbles at the bottom of holes in advance. • Plant the pole in the hole by manpower or machine under the sufficient and careful protection. • During the compaction, first put larger stones, and then the small one, keep putting while compacting. • Pay full attention to personnel safety and their coordination. Material Selection Cement pole or wooden pole Pole Planting Design and determine the position of stay wires based on construction drawing. Dig the hole based on specifications HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Pole Calibration Temporary Ensure that the bottom and top of a pole are in a straight line. Make protection for the newly planted poles Huawei Confidential Protection Page 20 3. Installing Stay Wires Used to balance the line stress to ensure the stability of the pole. The types of stay wires are diagonal single stay wires, double stay wires, quadruple stay wires, stay poles, and stay wires with a high pile. Function Technique Point The angle of the line shall be between 30° and 60°. The formation of stay wires shall be one-level higher than that of suspension wires (7 x 2.6 mm). When the angle of the line is larger than 60°, a new stay wire is added and the formation of stay wires shall be one-level higher than that of suspension wires (7 x 2.6 mm). Set quadruple stay wires every 16 poles. When stay wires cannot be installed, use stay poles or stay wires with a high pile instead of them. Composition Stay wires consist of anchor, steel strand, liner ring, and double-trough splint. Note: The preceding data is for reference only. The specific standard shall be based on the local specifications. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 21 4. Routing Suspension Wires Function: Support the aerial optical cables Composition: Steel strand wire, Three-hole single-groove splint, and iron hoop Material Selection The 7x2.2/2.6/3.0 galvanized steel strands are usually used as suspension wires. The optical cable hooks are usually made of galvanized metal parts or plastic parts. Splints and iron hoops need to be galvanized. Suspension Wire Check Coil the steel strand as figure-8, that is, first coiling in one direction of 1 km, and then the other direction of 1 km. Auxiliary Fastening Hang and drag the After fastening the suspension wire by the suspension wires, tighten them with proper tightness thick rope. Figure-8 Coiling Strike the steel strand that meets the requirement. wire HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Suspension Wire Routing The maximum sag of the suspension wire is in direct proportion to the span of the poles. aerial optical cable is fixed by iron hoops to the single suspension wire. Suspension Wire Tightening • Suspension wires shall be tightened by mechanical method. • For the straight line, tighten one time every 500 m. For the curved line, tighten at the place where an angle pole stands. Page 22 5. Routing the Aerial Fiber Optical Cable Procedure: 1) Checking the cable drum Check the package of the cable drum and the A/B port level of the optical cables. Check the physical features of the optical cable. Use the OTDR meter to test the attenuation and the length of every delivered cable drum 2)Configuring the optical cable 3)Hanging the Optical Select the routing areas to reduce the connectors based on the length of the delivered cable drum. Consider the construction condition of the optical cable connectors . HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. 4)Reserving the Optical Cable Cable Choose proper hooks to fix the suspended aerial optical cables. The pattern of the hooks is determined by the design. The interval between two hooks is 50 cm with 3 cm deviation. The first hook on each side of the pole is 25 cm far from the splint of the suspension wire with 2 cm deviation. Huawei Confidential Page 23 Reserve proper optical cables based on the specification and design requirements. Connectors of the optical cables shall be put near or on the poles. 6.Installing Equipment ODF Installation FDT Installation Closure Installation FAT Installation The OSP equipment to be installed contains ODF, FDT, FAT, and closure. For the steps of Huawei ODN equipment installation, download the installation pocket manual on the W3 website based on the product type. For the steps of non-Huawei equipment installation, customers shall provide the installation guide. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 24 7. Splicing Optical Cables: Construction Procedure Preparation On the basis that the length of the reserved optical cables meets the requirements, the stripping length is determined by the optical cable structure, selected equipment and relevant technologies. Peel optical cables. • Prepare for splicer. • Make bare optical fiber. • Put on heat-shrink pipe on the fiber. • Splice the optical fiber • Heat the heatshrink pipe. Clean fiber cores. Copper Conducting Wire Connection Fiber Coiling Fiber Splicing After the splicing, coil the extra fibers in the fiber drum to ensure that the coiling direction is the same and the curvature radius of the drum meets the Strength Member Connection If the optical cables contain copper conducting wires, they can be connected by wrapping, soldering or Clamp the strength member based on the closure to ensure that it can bear the same tensile force as the optical cables. Equipment Encapsulation • Place desiccants in the aerial protective cap. • The junction of the aerial closure needs to be moisture-free. connectors. requirements. Cut optical fibers. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Splice optical fibers. Huawei Confidential Fix optical cables. Page 25 Install connector boxes. 8. Protecting the Optical Cable: Lightning-Proof • To protect the aerial optical cables, lightning wires shall be installed on the following poles • • • • • • Terminal poles, the five poles near the central office Angle poles, poles that are more than 12 m high Poles that stand on the top of hills Poles that stand in the areas abundant in thunder-storm Every five-to-ten poles Old poles that re-suffer from lightning stroke • Grounding the lightning wire: • Lightning wire is usually made of 4 mm-diameter galvanized iron wire with, of which the upper side is 10 cm higher than the top of the pole and the lower side can be soldered to directly connect to the ground wire. • For the poles with stay wires, the 4 mm-diameter galvanized iron wire is used as the lightning wire on the top, but its lower part is connected to the stay wires. • Grounding resistance: • Grounding resistance is about 20 to 35 ohms. Note: The preceding data is for reference only. The specific standard shall be based on the local specifications. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 26 9. Numbering the Poles Number the poles to facilitate the maintenance. Purpose Mark the number on the pole as the routing direction. The marked number shall be normative, clear, and enduring. Method Note HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 27 10. Risks of the Aerial F. O. Cable Engineering For the construction in the area with poor transport facilities, it is necessary to consider the construction period delayed and cost raised by the transportation Transport Due to the construction period, cost, and engineering quality of the aerial optical cable are varied on different geography, so it is necessary to adjust the construction according to specific geography. Climate Geography Climate has an effect on the construction period and cost. In addition, different climate has different requirements for the design and material. Risks As an important factor, subsidy implementation shall be based on the relevant laws and regulations during the design and construction. Material Subsidy HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. The material provider must obtain a certification, because the material quality has a direct effect on the construction period, quality hazard and engineering cost. Huawei Confidential Page 28 Contents Introduction Engineer Materials and Tools High Level Design and Low Level Design Engineering Procedure and Technical Points Test, Acceptance and Document Delivery HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 29 Engineering Testing and Acceptance Engineering Testing and Acceptance On site check: Pole planting Stay wire installation Suspension wire inst allation Optical cable routing Testing: Features of the optical fiber Electrical features Check on completion: Engineering completion drawing Records of optical cable test Records of electrical test Other materials Note: The items to be tested and accepted shall be determined based on relevant acceptance standards and design requirements. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 30 On Site Acceptance Pole Check 1. Position of poles and depth of holes 2. Sag of poles 3. Position of angle poles 4. Specification and quality of the equipment installed at the bottom of the pole 5. Compaction around the poles 6. Pole ID Aerial Optical Cable Check Stay Wire Check 1. Specification and formation of optical cables 2. Interval between hooks 3. Quality of optical cable routing 4. Quality of optical cable splicing 1. Specification, formation, and quality of the stay wires 2. Direction of the stay wires and specification of fastening 3. Quality of anchors involving its production and its burying depth 4. Backfill the stay wire holes 5. Spacing-height ratio of stay wires or stay bars 1. Specification of suspension wires 6. Specification and quality of the stay bars 7. Specification and quality of the junction between 2. Installation position 3. Quality of joint part 4. Quality of the accessory equipment of suspension wires stay bars and poles HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Suspension Wire Check 5. Installation quality and protection of and for optical cable connectors 6. Quality of reserved optical cables and its bending radius 7. Safe distance from other equipment 5. Sag of suspension wires Huawei Confidential Page 31 Testing Optical Fiber Feature Testing ① Contents: • Optical fiber attenuation • Average connector loss of the optical fiber • Backscatter signal curve of the optical fiber ② Requirements for the tested data • The attenuation value of the optical fiber shall be the average of the values of dual-directional tests. • No exception occurs to the backscatter signal curve. • Record all the specific test results HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Electrical Performance Testing (Optional) ① Contents: • Test the DC resistance of the copper conductor. • Test the insulation resistance of the copper conductor • Test the grounding resistance ② Requirements for the tested data • The tested value shall comply with the standard of the copper conductor performance • The grounding resistance of the grounding cable is 20-35 ohms. • Record all the specific test results Huawei Confidential Page 32 Completion Acceptance: Technical Documents Optical cable routing drawing, topology drawing, and fiber core allocation drawing. 1 Completion Drawing Completion Test Record of the Optical Cable 2 Records of fiber attenuation statistics, connector loss test, line attenuation test, and backscatter signal curve check Electrical Test Record Other Information 3 Records of sheath ground insulation resistance test, grounding resistance test, and loop resistance test. 4 • • • • Notification of design modification Reports of commencement, suspension, return to work, and completion Engineering negotiation summary Concealed work visa and tables are all executed based on the regulations agreed with the customers. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 33 Thank you www.huawei.com