FIBWe 8,1 A single orthographic projection of an object gives information about only two dimensions· ofa three dimensional object. Hence, H1are thaKl orle projection is required to be obt&iLred. For simple objects, only two projeetiona are requred. Hence, a veMieal pane (VP) and a hoirizntal pfane (m), vwhim are mutuallj"perpe. ildieular to each planes of proeetilea§(Figire 3.2). These h4o planm divide the complete space into fotir quadrants ar four dihedr&l anges. They £ we rlumbard &s follnws: ]tmcatlorl