Interleukin
Secreted by
Targets and effect
• Is an endogenous pyrogen and promotes:
Interleukin1 (IL-1)
• Macrophages and monocytes
• Other cells: endothelial cells, dendritic
o
Fever
o
Vasodilation → edema
o
Adhesion and diapedesis of inflammatory cells
• Hematopoietic growth factor
o
cells, B cells
Proliferation of granulocytes in the bone
marrow and lymphocytes in the spleen; inhibits hematopoiesis
• Activates the endothelium to express adhesion molecules
• Also known as osteoclast-activating factor
o
Dysregulation of IL-1 in cartilage leads to damage
and osteoarthritis.
• Proliferation and differentiation of T cells
Interleukin2 (IL-2)
• Activated T cells (T helper cells)
o
Regulatory T cells
o
Helper T cells
o
Cytotoxic T cells
o
Natural killer (NK) cells
• Activates macrophages
Interleukin
Secreted by
Targets and effect
• Hematopoietic growth factor
Interleukin3 (IL-3)
• Activated B cells and T cells
o
Proliferation of granulocytes in the bone
marrow and lymphocytes in the spleen
o
Proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells
• Promotes differentiation of helper T-cells into Th2 cells
Interleukin4 (IL-4)
• Activated T cells (Th2 cells)
• Activation of B cells, T cells; induces proliferation of mast
cells and basophils
• Class switching to IgE and IgG
Interleukin5 (IL-5)
• Proliferation and activation of eosinophils
• T cells (Th2 cells) and mast cells
• Class switching to IgA
• Wound healing and remodeling
• Induces fever
• Stimulates hepatic synthesis of acute phase reactants (early inflammatory
Interleukin6 (IL-6)
• Macrophages and monocytes
reaction and positive reinforcement)
• Proliferation of granulocytes in the bone marrow and lymphocytes in
the spleen; inhibits hematopoiesis; stimulates differentiation of B
cells and cytotoxic T cells
Interleukin
Interleukin7 (IL-7)
Interleukin8 (IL-8)
Secreted by
• Adventitial reticular cells
Targets and effect
• Differentiation of natural killer (NK) cells and lymphocytes
• Differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into progenitor B and T cells
• Macrophages
• Other cells: endothelial cells, leukocytes,
• Neutrophil chemotaxis and degranulation
and smooth muscle cells
• Anti-inflammatory (immune suppression)
Interleukin10(IL-10)
• T cells (Th2 and Treg cells)
o
• Macrophages
Inhibits activated macrophages, dendritic cells, and the
inflammatory response
o
Decreases expression of MHC class II and Th1 cytokines.
• Increases platelet count by stimulating megakaryocyte proliferation and
Interleukin11 (IL-11)
differentiation
• Stromal cells of bone marrow
• Stimulates hepatic synthesis of acute phase proteins
• Promotes development of neurons
• Required for normal bone remodeling
Interleukin12(IL-12)
• Macrophages
• Activates natural killer (NK) cells
• Promotes differentiation of naive T cells into Th1 cells.
Interleukin
Interleukin24 (IL-24)
Secreted by
• T cells
• Monocytes
Targets and effect
• Tumor suppression
Interleukin28(IL-28)
Interleukin-
• Dendritic cells
• Antiviral immunity
• Monocytes and macrophages
• Induces proinflammatory cytokine production (TNF-a, IL-8, and IL-6)
• NK cells
• Induces apoptosis
29 (IL-29)
Interleukin32 (IL-32)