7
Chapter
7 Physical
Development
of Infants of Infants
Chapter
Physical
Development
Contents
 Section 7.1 Infant Growth and Development
 Section 7.2 Caring for an Infant
 Section 7.3 Infant Health and Wellness
Glencoe The Developing Child Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Section 7.1 Infant Growth and
Development
• There are four main influences on a baby’s
growth and development.
• An infant’s growth and development follow
many patterns.
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Content Vocabulary
Academic Vocabulary
developmental milestone
makeup
stimulating environment
accommodate
growth chart
proportion
depth perception
reflex
gross motor skill
fine motor skill
hand-eye coordination
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Influences on Growth and Development
• Babies experience a tremendous amount of
growth and development in their first year.
• Growth refers to physical size.
• Development refers to physical, emotional, social,
or intellectual skills.
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Influences on Growth and Development
• The four major influences include:
• heredity
• nutrition
• health
• environment
How do you think the environment can
influence growth and development?
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Growth and Development
During the First Year
• During the first year, babies
typically triple their birth
weight.
• Weight gain is a strong sign
of good health.
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Growth and Development
During the First Year
• Physical development follows three patterns:
• head to foot
• near to far
• simple to complex
• Babies’ perception of the world increases using
vision, hearing, touch, smell, and taste.
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Growth and Development
During the First Year
• Speech develops with growth of the throat
muscles, tongue, lips, teeth, and vocal cords.
• Babies are born with some automatic reflexes.
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Section 7.2 Caring for an Infant
• Caregivers need to know the proper ways of
handling, feeding, and dressing a baby.
• This knowledge will help keep a baby
healthy.
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Content Vocabulary
Academic Vocabulary
shaken baby syndrome
aggravate
antibody
curb
weaning
malnutrition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Handling a Baby
• Babies need to be handled
to be changed, fed,
bathed, dressed, cuddled,
and hugged.
• Remove pillows, fluffy
blankets, puffy bumper
pads, and stuffed toys
from bed.
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Handling a Baby
• Always place a baby
face up in the bed.
• Check a crying baby for
wetness, hunger, cold,
or pain.
• Never shake or jiggle a
baby.
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Feeding an Infant
• During the first six months, nutrient needs can be
met with formula or breast milk.
• Feed newborns as often as they want to eat.
• Babies must be burped after
feeding.
• Some babies have food
allergies.
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Dressing a Baby
• Babies are sensitive to overheating.
• Comfort and ease in dressing are important when
choosing baby’s clothing.
• Dressing and undressing a baby quickly and easily
takes practice.
Why is it important to be able to dress
a baby quickly?
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Section 7.3 Infant Health and Wellness
• Keeping a baby healthy involves bathing,
diapering, and taking care of baby’s teeth.
• A baby needs regular checkups and
scheduled immunizations.
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Content Vocabulary
Academic Vocabulary
cradle cap
designate
diaper rash
emerge
teething
immunization
vaccine
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Keeping Baby Clean
• Keeping a baby clean helps maintain overall
wellness.
• Guidelines should be
followed to safely
bathe a baby.
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Keeping Baby Clean
• A baby’s diaper must be changed several times
a day.
• Caregivers can choose between cloth diapers and
disposable diapers.
• A home with a baby should
have a designated
diaper-changing area.
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Health Care
• Teething begins at about six months of age.
• Caregivers must learn how to keep children
protected from a variety of safety hazards.
teething
The process of the teeth
pushing their way through the
gums.
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Health Care
• Babies and infants should have regular medical
checkups.
• Immunizations are an important way to protect
children against certain diseases.
immunization
A shot of a small amount of a dead or weak
disease-carrying germ given so that the body
can build up resistance to the disease.
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Chapter Summary
Section 7.1
Infant Growth and Development
• Heredity, nutrition, health, and environment all
play a role in a baby’s growth and development.
• Babies grow rapidly in the first year.
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Chapter Summary
Section 7.2
Caring for an Infant
• Babies must be handled carefully and must never
be shaken.
• Feeding babies breast milk or formula meets the
nutrition needs for the first six months.
• Other foods should be introduced gradually.
• A baby’s clothing should be comfortable and easy
to put on and take off.
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Chapter Summary
Section 7.3
Infant Health and Wellness
• Babies should be bathed regularly but never be
left alone in the bathtub.
• Parents should follow a recommended schedule
of checkups and immunizations.
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
Review
Do you remember the vocabulary terms from this
chapter? Use the following slides to check your
knowledge of the definitions.
The slides in this section include both English
and Spanish terms and definitions.
Start
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
developmental
milestone
A key skill used to
check a child’s
progress.
hito del desarrollo
Habilidad esencial
usada para medir el
progreso en el
desarrollo del niño.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
stimulating
environment
ambiente estimulante
An environment in
which one has a wide
variety of things to
see, taste, smell, hear,
and touch.
Un ambiente en el
que uno tiene una
amplia variedad de
cosas para ver,
probar, oír y tocar.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
growth chart
A chart that shows the
average weight and
height of girls and
boys at various ages.
tabla de
crecimiento
Tabla que muestra el
peso y la altura
promedios según la
edad para niños y
niñas.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
proportion
proporción
The size relationship
between different parts
of the body.
Relación de tamaño
entre las diferentes
partes del cuerpo.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
depth perception
percepción de
profundidad
The ability to perceive
objects that are threedimensional.
Habilidad de percibir
objetos en tres
dimensiones.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
reflex
reflejo
An instinctive,
automatic response,
such as grasping or
sucking.
Una respuesta
instintiva y automática
como chupar o
agarrar.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
gross motor skill
A skill that involves
the large muscles of
the body such as
those of the legs and
shoulders.
destreza de
motricidad gruesa
Habilidad que
involucra el uso de los
músculos grandes del
cuerpo, como los de
las piernas y los
hombros.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
fine motor skill
motricidad fina
A skill that involves
the smaller muscles of
the body such as
those in the fingers.
Destreza que
involucra los
músculos pequeños
del cuerpo, como los
de los dedos de las
manos.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
hand-eye
coordination
coordinación
mano-ojo
The ability to move
the hands and fingers
precisely in relation to
what is seen.
Habilidad de mover
las manos y los dedos
con precisión en
relación con lo que
se ve.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
shaken baby
syndrome
síndrome del bebé
sacudido
A condition that occurs
when someone severely
shakes a baby, usually
in an effort to make him
or her stop crying.
Una condición que
ocurre cuando alguien
sacude severamente a
un bebé, normalmente
tratando de hacer que
deje de llorar.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
antibody
anticuerpo
A substance produced
by the body to fight off
germs.
Sustancia producida
por el cuerpo para
atacar gérmenes.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
weaning
destetar
Changing from drinking
from the bottle or breast
to a cup.
Pasar de tomar del
biberón o del seno a
una taza o vaso.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
malnutrition
desnutrición
Inadequate nutrition.
Alimentación
inadecuada.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
cradle cap
costra láctea
A skin condition
known for yellowish,
crusty patches on
the scalp.
Afección de la piel
que se caracteriza por
costras amarillentas
en el cuero cabelludo.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
diaper rash
pañalitis
A condition that
includes patches of
rough, red, irritated
skin in the diaper
area.
Afección que se
caracteriza por
irritaciones rojas en la
piel en la zona donde
va el pañal.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
teething
dentición
The process of the
teeth pushing their
way through the
gums.
El proceso en que los
dientes empujan para
salir a través de las
encías.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
immunization
inmunización
A shot of a small amount
of a dead or weak
disease-carrying germ
given so that the body can
build up resistance to the
disease.
Inyección de una pequeña
cantidad de un germen
muerto o débil para que el
cuerpo tenga resistencia a
la enfermedad.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
vaccine
vacuna
A disease-carrying germ
that usually is injected in
the body to build
resistance to a disease.
Germen que generalmente
se inyecta en el cuerpo
para crear resistencia
contra la enfermedad que
el germen causa en
condiciones normales.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
makeup
composición
Structure or
arrangement.
Estructura u
organización.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
accommodate
acomodar
To make room for.
Hacer espacio para.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
aggravate
exasperar
To anger or irritate.
Irritar o causar
molestia a otra
persona.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
curb
frenar
To limit or control
something.
Limitar o controlar
algo.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
designate
designar
To specify or choose.
Especificar o escoger.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
emerge
surgir
To appear out of
or from behind
something.
Aparecer o salir de, o
por detrás, de algo.
Show Definition
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Chapter 7 Physical Development of Infants
End of
Chapter 7
Physical
Development
of Infants
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