𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑡𝑜 𝐶𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑖𝑡 𝐿𝑎𝑏
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒
𝑳𝒂𝒃 𝑰𝒏𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒖𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔
Students should follow these instructions to have successful lab:
Be regular to the lab.
Maintain silence.
Know the theory behind the experiment before coming to the lab.
Avoid loose connections and short circuits.
Do not throw the connecting wires to the floor.
Do not come late to the lab.
Do not panic if you don’t get the output.
Return the components and wires to its suitable place.
𝑳𝒂𝒃 𝑵𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒃𝒐𝒐𝒌𝒔
As a part of training to be an engineer, students should maintain a
personal notebook just as a research engineers does. This lab notebook will
not be graded, but the student must have one and use it. A lab notebook with a
sewn-together binding is preferred.
Here is a guideline for lab notebooks: a notebook should contain sufficient
detail so that a year later the experiment could be duplicated exactly.
In the notebook, the student should:
Draw a schematic diagram for every circuit that is built
 label this diagram with
 part numbers
 pin designations
 output/input designations
 show the major connections to external power supplies, etc. list the
instruments used by type and model
 Include in this list: oscilloscope, multimeters, function generators,
etc.
draw the appearance of the oscilloscope display, if used
 indicate the vertical and horizontal scales, with units record a table
of all measurements
Preface
Page 1
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑡𝑜 𝐶𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑖𝑡 𝐿𝑎𝑏





𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒
include units (e.g. mV) for inputs and outputs
record the scale (e.g. 200 mV) of the meter or oscilloscope
indicate where on the schematic the measurement is made
list more than one measurement as an error check
estimate the error bar
𝑷𝒓𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒃
In each lab, you are given prelab questions. These are intended to help
you prepare for the lab. You should write your response in this manual. These
questions are not handed in, and they are not graded. If you do not
understand a prelab question, be sure to ask your TA. Also you should go to
the main topic related to the experiment and understand the theoretical part.
𝑳𝒂𝒃 𝑹𝒆𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒕
For each Lab, students will individually prepare a lab report for grading.
This report is distinct from the notebook; the notebook is not a substitute.
Reports should be organized as a brief introduction, and then an experimental
section that is organized according to the section number.
1. Cover page: include the university name and logo, faculty name,
department name, experiment name and number, student name and ID,
partners names, and date.
2. Table of contents: suitable numbering system must be used for this
table, each item has a number consists of two digits, one for the
experiment number and the other is for the item in the experiment
parts.
3. Introduction: should contain a brief statement in which you state the
objectives or goals of the experiment.
4. Theoretical Background: good and clear description about the
previous knowledge of the subject.
5. Experiment Results: include the circuit diagram and the data taken
throughout the experiment procedure.
6. Discussion: compare the theoretical values of the experiment to the
measured value, as calculated the percentage error for some values.
7. Conclusion: should contain several short statements closing the report.
They inform the reader if the experiment agreed with the theory. If
there were differences, try to explain possible reasons.
Preface
Page 2