Antiseptics and disinfectants
Name
Oxidising agentshydrogen peroxide,
peracetic acid
Alcohols- ethanol,
isopropanol
Phenol derivatesPhenol,cresol
Biguandinescholorhexidine
Quaternery
ammonium
compoundcetrimide
Aldehydesformaldehyde
MOA
They act by
releasing nasecent
oxygen which
oxidise bacterial
protoplasm
Denature bacterial
protein and
precipitate them
Disrupt cell wall,
protoplasmic
posions
Uses
Cleaning wounds
and abscess cavity
Side effect
Antiseptic on skin
before giving
injections
For utensils,,
excreta and
glassware
CONTRA- not used on
open wounds, muscosa,
ulcer= highly irritant
Accidental or suicidal
ingestion= corrosion of
GI tract, hypothermia
and collapse
Disrupts cell
membrane and
denatures
bacterial proteins
Disrupt cellular
and intracellular
membranes
Alkylating of a
chemical group in
proteins and
nucleic acid
Disinfections of
organic waste,
hospital walls,
membranes in
dialysis equipment
Acids- boric acid
Heavy metalssilver compoundssilver nitrate
Halogens- iodine
tinctures and
solution
Systemic
absorption=pain,
diarrhoea, vomiting,
visual disturbacnes
Antiseptic on
burns, for removal
of warts and oral
ulcers
Antistrigent and
antiseptic
Oxidize microbial
protoplasm
Antiseptic on skin
for wounds and
prior to sugery
CONTRA:Hypersenstivity
Not be used in
conjunction with iodine
Reaction with component of the cytoplasmic membrane= alcohols and surfactant
compounds
Denaturation of cellular protein- alcohols, phenols, aldehydes, oxidants
Reaction with thiol group of enzymes-heavy metal
Damage of RNA and DNA= aldehydes, oxidants,dye