CH I INTRODUCTION to PATHOPHYSIOLOG Pathophysiology Studyofdiseaseprocess HFRAMEWORK forp.ATIOPHYflOLOGY Basedon common or Classic 4 know must Etiology Pathogenesisclinicalmanifestationstreatmentimplications ofdisease inthepysiologic functioning ofhumanbeings presentation Interrelated topics inpathophysiology Etiology knowncauselmeasurable Studyofcausesreasonsforphenomena ar stu ed d y vi re aC s o ou urc rs e eH w er as o. co m Identifiescausalfactors acting in concertthatprovoke a particulardisease or injury CLASSIFICATIONS Idiopathic causeis unknown o Iatrogenic causeresultsfromunintended orunwantedmedicaltreatment exsideartectfrommeds ex strepthroat knowncause Hypertension Unknowncause somanypossiblefactors RiskFactor Afactorthatwhenpresentincreasesthelikelihoodof disease 5 MODIFIABLERISKFACTORS NONMODIFIABLE RISKFACTORS Hygiene Gender Familyhistory diet exercise Pathogenesis Smoking alcohol Age Ethnicityrace ofdisease frominitialstimulustoultimateexpressionof Development orevolution ofdisease Descriptionofhow thoughttoalterphysiologicfunction4leadtothedevelopment etiologicfactorsare disease ofclinicalmanifestationsthatareobserved in aparticulardisorder manifestations Clinical Manifestations is thepatientisstating Symptoms Subjectivefeelingofabnormality inthebody what observed manifestation what youobserve measurable ofdisease Signs objective or Syndrome etiologysigns symtomshasnot yetbeendetermined ex AIDS 4 Th Stages4Clinicalcourse Latentperiod timebetweenexposure oftissueto injuriousagentdeistappearanceofsigns incubation 41or symptoms sh alsorefersto a periodduringanillnesswhensignsIsymiomstemporarilybecome mildorsilent ProdromalPeriod timeduringwhich1stsigns Iorsymptomsappearoronsetofdiseaseoccurs SubclinicalStages patientfunctionsnormally diseaseprocessesarewellestablished managed condition manifestation Short progressesveryfast Acuteclinicalcourse livedmayhavesevere AcutePhase disease illnessreachesits fullintensity ChronicClinicalCourse maylastmonthstoyears sometimes an acutecourse Chronicphase longer1slowprogressionofillness1disease 0 Exacerbation increase inseverity signs orsymptoms complete Remission decrease in severitysigns orsymptoms mayindicatedisease iscured remission cancer free https://www.coursehero.com/file/66874998/Patho-wk-1-Ch-1-Intro-to-Patho-Aug-23-2019pdf/ Convalescence Stageofrecoveryafter a disease injury or surgical procedure A 0 Sequela subsequentpathologicconditionresultingfromanacuteillness ex sepsis chronic g TreatmentImplications 4 1 diseaseillness Understandingtheetiology pathogenesis clinicalconsequences ofaparticulardisorder determinewhich treatmentscouldbehelpful may Mostpathobooksfocusongeneraltreatmentimplicationsratherthanspecific HCONCEPTSOFNORMALTYINHEALTH4DISEASEITI StatiscalNormality estimateofdiseasein anormalpopulationbasedon abellshapedcurve testsabilitytogivethesameresultsinrepeated measurements Validity degreetowhich a measurementreflectsthe truevalueofwhat it intendstomeasure differentiate betweenpresenceorabsenceofa person'scondition which Predictivevalue extentto atestcan Sensitivity probabilitythatatestwillbepositivewhenappliedtoapersonw aparticularcondition Specificity probabilitythatatestwillbenegativewhenappliedto aperson w o aparticularcondition Rehabilitation ar stu ed d y vi re aC s o ou urc rs e eH w er as o. co m IndividualFactors Culturalconsiderations eachculturedefineshealth4illness in amannerthatreflectstheir experience Age4BiologicFactorsLinked a normalvaluefora person oneagemaynotbenormalfor a person Genderdifference another age anormalvalueformenmaynotbenormalfora woman9viceversarelevantinbothhealth4disease normalshould Situationaldifferences determinewhether a derivationfrom beconsideredabnormaloranadaptationmechanism ex climate elevation Timevariations mayimpact how thebodyrespondsfromdaytonight or ex varyingtimes circadianry them ordiurnalvariations aFACTORAFFECTINGPATTERNSofDISEASEDISTRIBUTION CONCEPTSof EPIDEMIOLOGY Epidemiology Studyofthepatternsofdiseaseinvolvingpopulations examining theoccurrenceincidenceprevalencetransmittion is Types largegroupofpopulationpeople 9distributionofdiseasein sh Th EndemicDisease nativeto a localregion EpidemicDisease Spreadtomanypeople thesame time ex Foodpoisoning 0 PandemicDisease Spreadtolargegeographicareas ex FM AIDS AggregateFactorsofEpidemiologicvariables Age Ethnicgroup Gender Socioeconomicfactorslifestyle considerations Geograpiclocation https://www.coursehero.com/file/66874998/Patho-wk-1-Ch-1-Intro-to-Patho-Aug-23-2019pdf/ Levels of prevention Primary alteringsusceptibility reducingexposurefor susceptibleperson ex patienteducation immunizations Secondary ex OT PT social work is sh Th https://www.coursehero.com/file/66874998/Patho-wk-1-Ch-1-Intro-to-Patho-Aug-23-2019pdf/ Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) 4restoringectectivefunctioningfollowingdisease specialty etc rehabilitationsupportivecare reducingdisability ar stu ed d y vi re aC s o ou urc rs e eH w er as o. co m Tertiary earlydetection screening 9 management ofdisease ex Annualphysical preventablecare1screening