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SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
CHAPTER B
Introduction Component
Allowable Loads
This chapter contains illustrations and
load ratings for the various Safway
Systems™ Scaffold Components. The load
ratings are based on the capacity of the
individual components only. Refer to
chapter D and warnings at front of manual
before computing the scaffold loads.
Allowable loads specified in this chapter
include safety factors required by Federal
OSHA.
When designing scaffolds with unique
configurations or special loading
conditions, consult with Safway
engineering or a professional structural
engineer familiar with scaffold design
prior to design finalization.
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Safway Systems™
Vertical Post (SVP)
Unbraced
Post
Length
(L)
*Maximum Allowable
Compressive Load
when rated for scaffold use
Lb.
7′
4,000
5′ - 3″
5,950
3′ - 6″
7,300
1′ - 9″
8,100
RUNNER
BEARER
UNBRACED
POST SPACING
(L)
Vertical diagonal must be installed at same
increments as (L)
*Load is based on vertical diagonals
connected to posts at bearer/runner
connections.
COMPRESSIVE
LOAD
Safway Systems™
Vertical Post Coupling
(SCP)
Safway Systems™
(SCP)
Modification (bolted)
COMPRESSIVE
LOAD
Allowable Tension Loading
2,000 lb.
Post connection (SVP) components
(see exploded view page A-10) are
designed to resist nominal tensile
loads, such as those created by
uplift and/or overturning loads.
NOTE: When suspending
(hanging) scaffold, the coupling
(SCP) must be modified as shown
at right.
Allowable Tension Loading
3,500 lb.
If scaffold is suspended, the
coupling must be modified as
follows:
Remove snap buttons supplied
with the SVP posts and replace
with a 3/8″ - 16 NC x 2-1/4″ lg.
hex. hd. bolt structural grade 5,
3/8″ lock washer and a 3/8″ - 16
NC hex. hd. nut.
B-1
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
COMPRESSIVE LOAD
“P” (lb.)
Safway Systems™ Screw Jack (STSJ-1)
14″ Max.
12000
11000
10000
9000
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
COMPRESSIVE LOAD
“P” (lb.)
Maximum Extension is 14″
INFLUENCE LINE
14″ Max.
COMBINED ALLOWABLE
COMPRESSIVE LOAD (P)
and horizontal load (Q) with
14″ jack extension.
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
HORIZONTAL LOAD
“Q” (lb.)
NOTE: Anchor hole size
and locations are noted
on page A-2
EXAMPLE: A scaffold post is loaded
to 3500 lb. (P) compressive load.
Follow the dotted line in the chart to
determine maximum corresponding
allowable horizontal load. Which in
this example is 325 lb.
NOTE: Maximum allowable compressive load (P) when rated for scaffold use is: 11,750 lb.
Safway Systems™ Swivel Screw Jack (SSJ)
ANGLE OF SLOPE (DEGREES)
1.69″ O.D. COLLAR FOR
TUBE AND CLAMP
RESTRAINT
24 1/2″
18 1/2″
Max. Allowable
Extension
VERTICAL
LOAD
JACK “P”
(lb.)
SHEAR FORCE “S” (lb.)
HORIZONTAL PLANE
NOTE: Anchor hole size
and locations are noted
on page A-2
The swivel jack should be anchored to
structure surface or restrained. Anchors,
bolts or restraints must resist four times
the shear force determined from chart at
right.
EXAMPLE: Assume a compressive
load (P) of 3200 lb. with a 20° slope.
A corresponding 1200 lb. shear force
must be resisted as indicated by
dotted lines and arrows.
NOTE: Where angle exceeds 45° contact Safway Engineering Department.
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
B-2
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Safway Systems™ Adjustable
Caster Adapter (SACA)
Part Number
SCU8
SCS8
Wheel Style
Urethane
Steel
900 lb.
900 lb.
Allowable Rolling
Load
For use with 8″ diameter
casters only.
Safway Systems™
Caster Adapter (SCA)
Part Number
SCU8
SCS8
Wheel Style
Urethane
Steel
SCU12
& SCU12HD
Urethane
900 lb.
900 lb.
900 lb.*
Allowable Rolling
SCS12
Steel
900 lb.*
Load
For use with either 8″ or 12″ diameter casters.
*NOTE: Allowable caster
load is 900 lb. when rolling
scaffolds are braced as
illustrated on the top of
page D-5. However if additional horizontal bracing as
illustrated also on the bottom of page D-5 is installed
in each bay the allowable
load may be increased to
1700 lb. This applies to the
SCU12HD and SCS12 style
casters only.
B-3
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
CENTER LOAD
4″
Safway Systems™ Bearer / Runner (SBR)
Part
Number
MIN
Allowable Uniform Load
Post
Spacing
Allowable
Center Load
SBR2
2′
1,350lb.
2,700
1,350
SBR33
2′ - 9″
800 lb.
1,675
610
SBR3
3′
725 lb.
1,500
500
SBR42
3′ - 6″
725 lb.
1,575
450
SBR45
3′ - 9″
550 lb.
1,125
300
POST SPACING
SBR4
4′
640 lb.
1,320
330
UNIFORM LOAD
SBR54
4′ - 6″
570 lb.
1,170
260
SBR5
5
500 lb.
1,050
210
lb.
lb./FT.
CAUTION: Only SBR or STB members must be used to support scaffold platforms .
Safway Systems™ Bearer (SBR) Maximum Allowable Uniform Load Chart
Maximum allowable bearer load
in lb. /sq. ft.
Span Chart
Part
Number
(Load valves include live load and all dead loads, (decking, etc.))
Bearer
Length
Runner Length
2′
33″
3′
42″
45″
4′
54″
5′
6′
7′
8′
9′
10′
SBR2
2′
675
470
450
385
360
335
300
270
225
190
165
150
135
SBR33
33″
305
220
200
170
160
150
135
120
100
85
75
65
60
SBR3
3′
250
180
165
140
130
125
110
100
80
70
60
55
50
SBR42
42″
225
160
150
125
120
110
100
90
75
60
55
50
45
SBR45
45″
150
105
100
85
80
75
65
60
50
40
35
30
30
SBR4
4′
165
120
110
90
85
80
70
65
55
45
40
35
30
SBR54
54″
130
90
85
70
65
65
55
50
40
35
30
25
25
SBR5
5
105
75
70
65
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
20
NOTE: This chart is based on Safway Systems™ bearer strength only. The maximum allowable deck load must be
determined from either deck material strength, leg load capacity or the chart above, whichever is less.
B-4
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Safway Systems™ Single Post
Circular Scaffold
Runners are not designed to support fully
decked scaffold platforms or center concentrated loads. Use (SBR) or (STB) members
whenever a full deck is required. Platforms
may rest on runners if platform area is located close to the posts, does not exceed
dimension “h” (shown below) and the
allowable load table below.
FOUR POSTS
SIX POSTS
EIGHT POSTS
Safway Systems™ Horizontal
Runners (SHR)
Single Post Circular Scaffold
Allowable Load
No. of Vertical Posts
in Tower
4
6
8
Loading Distance (h)
19″
22″
27″
Allowable Uniform
Load on Distance (h)
(lb.)
585
500
400
Allowable Uniform
Load on Distance (h)
(lb. / FT.)
370
270
180
NOTE: Dimension “h” is based on two 2″ x 10″ lumber
planks. If wider platforms are required, contact Safway
Engineering.
SECTION “A - A”
(TYPICAL)
LOADING DIAGRAM FOR SECTION “A - A”
(TYPICAL)
B-5
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
POST SPACING
STYLE I
POST SPACING
UNIFORM LOAD
CENTER LOAD
4″
min.
STYLE II
CENTER LOAD
4″
UNIFORM LOAD
min.
BRACING RING SET
BRACING RING SET
Safway Systems™ Truss Bearers (STB) Style I and II
Part
Number
Style
Post
Spacing
Allowable
Center Load
STB6
I
6′
STB7
I
STB8
STB9
Allowable Uniform Load
lb.
lb./ft.
1,875 lb.
3750
625
7′
1,650 lb.
3300
470
II
8′
2,200 lb.
4400
550
II
9′
2,200 lb.
4400
488
NOTE: Style II Truss Bearer must be braced to adjacent Truss Bearers at center ring
set when supporting vertical loads.
STYLE III
POST SPACING
CENTER CONCENTRATED LOAD
UNIFORM LOAD
REMOVABLE
COUPLING PIN (SCP)
BRACING RING SET
BRACING RING SET
Safway Systems™ Truss Bearers (STB) Style III
Post
Spacing
Allowable Center
Concentrated Load
STB10
10′
STB12
Part
Number
Allowable Uniform Load
lb.
lb./ft.
2,200 lb.
4,400
440
12′
2,200 lb.
4,400
367
STB14
14′
1,800 lb.
3,600
257
STB16
16′
1,800 lb.
3,600
225
STB18
18′
1,800 lb.
3,600
200
NOTE: Style III Truss Bearer must be braced to adjacent Truss Bearers at both bracing
ring sets when supporting vertical loads.
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
B-6
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Safway Systems™ Truss Bearer (STB) Maximum Allowable Uniform Load Chart
Maximum allowable platform load imposed on
truss bearers in lb. / sq. ft.
Part
Number
Style
Number
Truss
Bearer
Length
(Platform load includes live load and all dead loads, decking, etc.)
Runner Length
2′
33″
3′
42″
45″
4′
54″
5′
6′
7′
8′
9′
10′
STB6
I
6′
312
227
208
178
166
156
138
125
104
89
78
69
62
STB7
I
7′
335
171
157
134
125
117
104
94
78
67
58
52
47
STB8
II
8′
275
200
183
157
146
137
122
110
91
78
68
60
55
STB9
II
9′
244
177
162
139
130
122
108
97
81
69
61
54
48
STB10
III
10′
220
160
146
125
117
110
97
88
73
62
55
48
44
STB12
III
12′
183
134
122
104
97
91
81
73
61
52
45
40
36
STB14
III
14′
128
93
85
73
68
64
57
51
42
36
32
28
25
STB16
III
16′
112
81
75
64
60
56
50
45
37
32
28
25
22
STB18
III
18′
100
72
66
57
53
50
44
40
33
28
25
22
20
NOTE: This chart is based on Safway Systems™ truss bearer strength only. The maximum allowable deck load must be
determined from either deck material strength, the chart above or leg load capacity, whichever is less.
Safway Systems™
Stair Units (STR)
Adjustable Beam
Clamp (BCA)
P
Safway Systems™
Hoist Arm (SHA)
P
P
100 lb.
P
Concentrated Loads
PART NUMBER: STR7 / STR7A
ALLOWABLE LOAD:
TWO LOADS AT 350lb. STAIR UNIT
(AS ILLUSTRATED)
MAXIMUM HOISTED LOAD:
100 lb.
ALLOWABLE
SUSPENDED LOAD:
4,000 lb. Vertical Direction Only
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
B-7
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
EFFECTIVE
WIDTH
EFFECTIVE
WIDTH
STYLE I
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™
COUPLING PIN (SCP)
REQUIRED WHEN
GUARD RAIL POST IS
USED.
STYLE II
Safway Systems™
Side Brackets (SBK)
Part Number
SBK06
SBK1
SBK2
SBK33
SBK3
Style Number
I
I
II
II
II
5 1/2″
14 1/2″
2′
2′ - 9″
3′
250
250
500
500
500
Effective Width
Allowable Uniform
Load (lb.)
NOTE: Brackets are not to be used as knee-out brackets. Coupling Pin (SCP)
is provided with Style II side brackets for guard rail post installation only.
LOAD ON
COUPLING PIN
P
Safway Systems™
Knee-out Bracket (SKO)
Part Number
Effective Width
Allowable Concentrated
SKO3
SKO45
3′
3′ - 9″
875
700
Load “P” (lb.)
NOTE: These loads may be increased for certain
applications. See page D-6.
EFFECTIVE
WIDTH
B-8
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
CONCENTRATED LOAD
UNIFORM LOAD
9″
min.
Steel Plank SSP, SSPH, FSPH
Allowable Center Load
Allowable Uniform Distributed Load
Effective
Length
Perforated
SSP &
FSPH, SSPH
lb.
Slotted
SSP
Perforated
SSP &
FSPH, SSPH
lb. / Lin. Ft.
Slotted
SSP
Perforated
SSP &
FSPH, SSPH
lb. / Sq. Ft.
Slotted
SSP
2′
770
412
472
171
630
227
3′
770
412
472
171
630
227
3′ - 6″
625
347
386
147
515
196
3′ - 9″
580
328
360
137
480
182
4′
550
298
311
128
415
170
4′ - 6″
495
261
255
116
340
154
5′
450
233
213
93
285
124
6′
380
338
150
113
200
150
7′
325
302
105
86
140
115
8′
290
240
82
60
110
80
9′
260
220
60
49
80
65
10′
250
206
49
41
65
55
NOTE: Allowable loads above are for SSP is 9″ and for SSPH & FSPH is 9 1/4″ wide perforated
or slot plank. Contact Safway Engineering Department for allowable loads on 6″ wide planks.
B-9
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Safway Systems™ Suspended Adjustable Post (SSAP)
TENSILE
LOAD
ALLOWABLE SUSPENDED LOAD: 4,000 lb.
Safway Systems™ Adjustable Support Bracket (SASB2)
“P”
OF STSJ1 SCREW
JACK MUST BE
LOCATED WITHIN
SHADED AREA
ADJUST SCREW JACKS
TO LEVEL SUPPORT SURFACE
NOTE: Adjustable support bracket to be used only
with Safway Systems™ support frames (SBF)
SLOPE
RANGE
45° - 60°
ADJUSTMENT RANGE
1′ - 6 1/2″ MIN.
TO
2′ MAX.
ALLOWABLE VERTICAL LOAD: 4000 lb.
B-10
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
CHAPTER C
Introduction Assembly Details
This chapter contains illustrations of
partially assembled scaffold components.
The illustrations are provided as
information to describe component fit and
dimensional limitations. This chapter is
not intended to be used as a guide to
erect Safway Systems™ Scaffolds.
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
SAU Ladder Access - Clamped to Post (SVP)
NOTE:
Install ladder on
narrow side of free
standing scaffolds.
7′
(Typ.)
BETWEEN
LEVELS
TWO SAUB BRACKETS
are required on starter ladder section and one
near top on each additional section above.
SAU6 OR SAU3
LADDER
CLAMPED TO
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™
VERTICAL
POSTS.
PLACE LADDER ON SILL
SAU Ladder Access - Clamped to Bearer / Runners (SBR)
NOTE:
Install ladder on
narrow side of free
standing scaffolds.
PROVIDE ONE (SAUB)
BRACKET
support for each ladder section above
the starter section. Add horizontals
as required.
7′
(Typ.)
BETWEEN
LEVELS
TWO SAUB BRACKETS
are required on starter ladder section. Add
additional horizontal members as required.
PLACE LADDER ON SILL
C-1
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Rest Platform
LADDER TO EXTEND
APPROXIMATELY 3′
ABOVE PLATFORM.
TIE
GUARD ALL OPEN
SIDES AND ENDS
WITH TOP AND
INTERMEDIATE RAIL.
REST PLATFORM
TIE
(Typical)
LADDER REST
PLATFORM
(Typical)
Located at 35 foot
maximum intervals.
C-2
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
SAU Ladder Access - Used with External Landing Platforms
LADDER TO EXTEND
APPROXIMATELY 3′
ABOVE LANDING.
(Typical)
TIE
(Typical)
s
SBK SIDE
BRACKET
(Typical)
s
LADDER REST PLATFORM
(Alternating sides)
Located at approximately
35 foot intervals.
TIE
(Typical)
C-3
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
End Access - Top and Intermediate
LADDER REST PLATFORM
(Alternating sides)
Located at approximately
35 foot intervals.
SAG_
SAGH
s
Tie
(Typical)
C-4
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Bay Access - Top and Intermediate
SAGH
SAG_
SAGSU
LADDER TO EXTEND
APPROXIMATELY 3′
ABOVE PLATFORM.
GUARD ALL OPEN
SIDES AND ENDS
WITH TOP AND
INTERMEDIATE RAIL.
SAGP
SAG_
SAGH
C-5
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Typical Stair Tower - with Post Supported Landings
Tie
(Typical)
SSF
STR7
Tie
(Typical)
SDW7
HAND RAILS
SVP
SHR7
SSC30
SDW
SSP
STSJ1
SHD
Two
at base and one at
each lift above.
(Alternating Bays)
NOTE: Stairs may be 2, 3 or 4 units wide. Each unit having a nominal width of 1 foot.
Partial decks shown for clarity.
C-6
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Typical Stair Tower - with Side Bracket Supported Landings
Tie
(Typical)
SSF
STR7
SSP
SVP
SBR / SHR
Tie
(Typical)
SBK
SDW7
HAND RAILS
SSC30
STSJ1
SHD
Two at base and one at each lift
above. (Alternating Bays)
NOTE: Stairs may be 2, 3 or 4 units wide. Each unit having a nominal width of 1 foot.
.
C-7
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Scaffold Guardrail Installation
* Top of platform to top of guardrail
** Required in states such as California
s Indicates Tie
C-8
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
PLANK FILLER
PLANK FILLER
PLANK
BEARERS / RUNNERS
SBR / SHR
KNEE OUTS AND SIDE BRACKETS
SKO / SBK
PLANK FILLER
TRUSSES
STB
Plank and Filler Chart
SBR-2
SBR-33
SBR-3
SBR-42
SBR-45
SBR-4
SBR-54
SBR-5
STB-6
STB-7
STB-8
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
7
8
9
7 3/8
1 3/8
7 3/8
1 3/8
4 3/8
1 3/8
7 3/8
1 3/8
4 3/8
7 3/8
STB-9
STB-10
STB-12
STB-14
STB-16
STB-18
SBK-2
SBK 33
11
12
15
17
20
23
2
3
1 3/8
4 3/8
1 3/8
7 3/8
4 3/8
1 3/8
1 3/16
1 3/16
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
3
2
4
4
4
6
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
7
8
9
10
12
14**
17**
20**
22**
1
2
7
13/16
6 13/16
5/8
3 5/8
7/16
6 7/16
1/16
2 7/8
5 11/16
8
2
7
4
1/2
1/8
3/4
3/16
5/8
6 1/4
11/16
7/16
SPF-45
SPF-3
SPF-2
SPF-45
SPF-3
SPF-2
NO. and Size of
SPF-Fillers
SPF-18
Part NO. of SSP- Plank Gap
Number Planks (9" (One Side)*
Wide)
(IN)
Safw ay Duraplank™ FSPH & SSPH
19-1/4" Platform
and Wood S4S
NO. of
Plank Gap
NO. of 19- Plank
SSPH-,
(One Side)* NO. and Size of SPF- 1/4" decks (One S
FSPH(IN)
(IN
Fillers
Planks (91/4" w ide or
w ood SSL)
SPF-18
Safw ay Systems™ Steel Planks SSP
1
6 1/
2
2
1 7/
7 7/
3
6 5/
5
4 1/
7
8
1 5/
6 3/
1
1
1/8
9
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
3
*Plank Gaps larger than 6″ can be filled with one additional SSP6 (applies only when using SSP or SSPH planks)
*All scaffold platforms must be a minimum of 18” wide
*Dark Shaded areas in above chart indicate plank fillers are not standard/applicable.
*Light shaded areas in above chart indicate platform gaps greater than 9-1/2”. These platforms are not recommended
as work platforms.
*GAP: Indicates differences between length of the horizontal member and available platform width in inches.
**Consult Safway Engineering for plank fillers on the following trusses: STB-12, STB-14, STB-16 and STB-18.
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
C-9
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
3 13/16″
7 5/8″
NOTE: When installing area planking with open slot
(SSP or SSPH) steel planks, locate runner one ring
set below bearer.
2 x 10 (Nominal) Wood Plank
Chart. Planks Installed at
Angles to Bearer Member
C-10
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Typical Toeboard Arrangements
Rack Component Capacity
C-11
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Safway Systems™ Storage Rack / Bin Assembly
C-12
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Boiler Throat Closure & Founding System (Typical Setup)
Safway Systems™ Suspended Adjustable Platform
C-13
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
CHAPTER D
Introduction Tieing & Bracing
Quantities and location of ties, guys and
braces will vary depending upon the
scaffold size, weight, shape and load
conditions. The following general
guidelines indicate minimum Safway
requirements and are not all inclusive.
When designing scaffolds with unique
configurations or special loading
conditions, consult with Safway
engineering or a professional structural
engineer familiar with scaffold design prior
to design finalization.
When designing a square or rectangular
scaffold, Safway recommends a
horizontal diagonal (SHD) be included in
the base design. This diagonal will aid the
erector in providing a square scaffold as
well as assuring hook on plank and deck
will fit properly.
Safway tube and clamp components may
be substituted for Safway Systems™
Scaffold bracing members or horizontal
diagonal members. When doing so the
load capacity of these components and
their effect on the completed scaffold
must be considered.
Assure ties, stand-offs or guys are located
at runner and bearer levels only.
NOTE: Proper access and platform toeboards are
required on all scaffolds. These items have been
eliminated from the illustrations in this chapter for
clarity purposes only.
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Free Standing Scaffold
(Where ties or guy wires are not required)
SINGLE BAY BRACING
HORIZONTAL DIAGONAL (SHD)
(noted as a dotted line)
required at base, each 21 feet in height
and as close to top level as possible.
NOTE: Hook-on scaffold decks may be
substituted for horizontal diagonal at the
top level.
HEIGHT NOT TO
EXCEED 4 TIMES
THE MINIMUM BASE
DIMENSION
(length or width).*
VERTICAL DIAGONAL (SDW)
required on all sides at each level.
Diagonals on opposite sides of
tower to be parallel.
BASE DIMENSION
BASE DIMENSION
(measured at post center line)
MULTI-BAY BRACING
HORIZONTAL
DIAGONAL (SHD)
brace required, each
21 feet in height and as
close to top
level as possible.
HEIGHT NOT TO
EXCEED 4 TIMES
THE MINIMUM BASE
DIMENSION
(length or width).*
MINIMUM BASE DIMENSION
VERTICAL DIAGONAL
required on both inside & outside of
each vertical lift along the run at each
end and in between at intervals not to
exceed 30 feet or 4 bays
VERTICAL DIAGONAL
required on both inside & outside of each vertical lift
along the run at each end and in between at intervals
not to exceed 30 feet or 4 bays.Alternate direction of
diagonal along the scaffold length.
* Three times the minimum base dimension (length or width) in California and some other states.
Vertical diagonal must be installed on posts at bearer runner connections.
Used with permission of Safway Services, Inc.
D-1
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Scaffold Tower Tieing & Bracing
(Single Bay)
TOP OF SCAFFOLD
TOP TIE
UPPERMOST
tie must be placed within one lift from
top of scaffold**
INTERMEDIATE TIE
DISTANCE
between intermediate
ties not to exceed
21 feet**
FIRST TIE
MAXIMUM
4 times the
minimum
base dimension*
(length or width)
GROUND
MINIMUM BASE
DIMENSION
VERTICAL DIAGONALS (SDW)
each level between outer posts.
HORIZONTAL DIAGONALS
at base, and at each tie level.
NOTE: All ties must be placed as close to horizontals as possible.
* Three times the minimum base (length or width) in California and some other states.
** Where field conditions preclude ties at these levels follow Safway Systems™ Scaffold Safety Guidelines.
Vertical diagonal must be installed on posts at bearer runner connections.
D-2
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Scaffold Tieing & Bracing
(Multi-bay)
HORIZONTAL DIAGONAL (SHD)
in each bay at tie levels.
TOP OF
SCAFFOLD
TOP TIE
UPPERMOST
tie must be
placed within
one lift from top
of scaffold**
INTERMEDIATE
TIE
DISTANCE
between
intermediate
ties not to
exceed
21 feet**
FIRST TIE
GROUND
MAXIMUM
4 times the
minimum
base dimension*
(length or width)
TIE
to structure at each end and in between
at no more than 30 feet
horizontal intervals.
MINIMUM BASE
DIMENSION
VERTICAL DIAGONAL
required on both inside & outside of each vertical
lift along the run at each end and in between at
intervals not to exceed 30 feet or 4 bays
NOTE: All ties must be placed as close to horizontals as possible.
* Three times the minimum base dimension in California and some other states.
** Where field conditions preclude ties at these levels follow Safway Systems™ Scaffold Safety Guidelines.
Vertical diagonal must be installed on posts at bearer runner connections.
D-3
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Guy Wire Restrained Scaffold
(Tower)
HORIZONTAL DIAGONAL (SHD)
at base, each guy wire level and at top.
TOP OF SCAFFOLD
UPPERMOST GUY
must be placed within one lift from
top of scaffold**
TYPICAL GUY
DISTANCE
between intermediate guys not to
exceed 21 feet. **
FIRST GUY
MAXIMUM
4 times the minimum base dimension*
(length or width)
45° ANGLE
MAXIMUM
recommended between
upper guy and ground.
MINIMUM BASE DIMENSION
GUY WIRES
at each corner parallel to
diagonals through the tower.
Extreme care must be taken when designing a tower guyed from below. The applied vertical and horizontal loads
and wire pre-tensioning loads must be determined and included in the scaffold design. Consult Safway
Engineering or a structural Professional Engineer.
All ties must be placed as close to horizontals as possible.
*Three time the minimum base dimension (length or width) in California and some other states.
**Where field conditions preclude tie at these levels follow Safway Systems™ Scaffold Safety Guidelines.
Vertical diagonal must be installed on posts at bearer runner connections.
Circular Scaffold Tying & Bracing
SINGLE POST
DOUBLE POST
STAND-OFF
or tie to each
second post along
vessel perimeter
each 21 feet in
height max.
intervals
VERTICAL
DIAGONALS (SDW)
each second bay all
levels. Do not alternate
diagonal direction
vertically.
ALTERNATE
direction of diagonals in
adjacent
braced bays.
VERTICAL DIAGONALS (SDW)
each second bay all levels on scaffolds
with eight or less bays, and each third
bay for larger scaffolds. Do not alternate
diagonal direction vertically
STAND-OFF
or tie to each second post along vessel
perimeter each 21 feet in max. intervals.
ALTERNATE
direction of diagonals in adjacent
braced bays.
Used with permission of Safway Services, Inc.
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
D-4
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Rolling Scaffold Bracing
VERTICAL
DIAGONALS
(SDW)
at all levels in
at least one
bay on each
outer vertical
surface of the
tower.
MULTI-BAY
SINGLE BAY
HORIZONTAL
DIAGONALS (SHD)
Always required at base, each 21
feet in height and at top level.
SAME BRACING
REQUIREMENTS
as for single bay free standing
scaffold tower.
See page D-1.
HORIZONTAL
DIAGONALS
(SHD)
Always
required at
base, each 21
feet in height
and at top
level.
MINIMUM BASE
DIMENSION
ALL ROLLING TOWERS
require runners, bearers
and horizontal diagonal
bracing at lowest ring set.
MINIMUM BASE DIMENSION
MAXIMUM
4 times the minimum
base dimension*
(length or width)
HEIGHT NOT TO EXCEED 4 TIMES THE MINIMUM BASE DIMENSION (LENGTH OR WIDTH).
Used with permission of Safway Services, Inc.
* Three times the minimum base dimension in California and some other states. Always check local code.
Rolling Scaffold Bracing
7′ MAXIMUM
Required to increase load capacity of
caster adapter (SCA) with 12 inch
diameter caster. See allowable load
on page B-3.
Brace single bay or multi-bay rolling
scaffold as described above. In
addition, each scaffold post must be
stabilized with additional horizontal
bracing level. This additional level
must be located 21 inches above the
bottom bracing level and used to
reduce the base post unbraced
length to 63 inches.
LOCATION OF
HORIZONTALS
for next scaffold level.
63″
MAXIMUM
21″
LOCATION
of additional
horizontal level
required to increase
scaffold load capacity.
FIRST
HORIZONTAL
level on bottom
ring set.
SYSTEMS™ CASTER
ADAPTER (SCA)**
12″ DIAMETER CASTER
Urethane (SCU12) or steel
wheel (SCS12).(SCU12HD)
**Safway Systems™ adjustable caster adapter (SACA) can not be used for this application. Always check local
code. Vertical diagonal must be installed on posts at bearer runner connections.
© 1998 Safway Steel Products Inc. All Rights Reserved.
D-5
SAFWAY SYSTEMS™ TECHNICAL MANUAL 4/98
Scaffolds with Knee-Out Brackets Bracing & Tieing
Allowable concentrated load for
knee-out brackets (SKO) are shown
on page B-8. Loads in table below
may be used when knee-out
brackets are installed in symmetrical
scaffolds as shown in figure 1 and 2,
and in non-symmetrical scaffolds
when auxiliary bracing is installed to
prevent overturning and racking.
See figure 3.
SYMMETRICAL
“P”
“P”
SECTION
Typical
Boiler
KNEE-OUT
BRACKET
FIGURE 1
“P”
Bracing &
Tieing
Part Number
Effective Width
SKO3
SKO45
3′
3′ - 9″
3325 lb.
2650 lb.
“P” Allowable
Concentrated Load
“P”
SECTION
Typical
Circular
Scaffold
KNEE-OUT
BRACKET
FIGURE 2
NON SYMMETRICAL
“P”
Non-symmetrical assemblies similar
to figure 3 require a stand-off at A
and a tie-in at B on each frame
line with knee-out brackets. In
addition, vertical diagonals (SDW)
may be required in each frame
plane. Contact Safway Engineering
or a Structural Professional
Engineer familiar with scaffold
design prior to erecting such
non-symmetrical scaffolds.
STAND OFF
END VIEW
Scaffold
Run along
Set-back
surface
TIE
VERTICAL
DIAGONALS
FIGURE 3
NOTE: All Scaffolds with knee-out brackets also require bracing and tieing as shown in applicable
section of this chapter.
D-6
© 1998 Safway Services, Inc. All Rights Reserved.