• Habitual actions: I
• Facts
: The Sun
:
:I
:
:
:
:
(question):
Exercise https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/
1) (he / drive to work every day)
2) (I / not / think you're right)
3) (we / have enough time)?
4) (you / watch a lot of TV)
Answers
1) (he / drive to work every day)
2) (I / not / think you're right)
I
you re right
3) (we / have enough time)?
have enough time
4) (you / watch a lot of TV)
You
a lot of TV
S
I
am
You are
He is
She is
It
is
We are
You are
They are
TO BE
PUT
CUT
SET
COST
HIT
PUT
CUT
SET
COST
HIT
SEE
BUILD
GO
RISE
WIN
SAW
BUILT
WENT
ROSE
WON
AFFIRMATIVE
(positive)
NEGATIVE
S + V + -ed
S + DID + NOT + V
-Fella entered a photo ( the -ed is replaced
contest
by DID)
-Fella did not enter a
photo contest
INTTEROGATIVE
(QUESTION)
DID + S + V (the -ed
is replaced by DID)
-Did Fella enter a
photo contest?
EXERCISE
• We
(wake up) very late.
• What time
(he/get up) yesterday?
• We
(not/use) the computer last night.
ANSWERS
woke up
S
I
YOU
HE
SHE
IT
WE
YOU
THEy
TO BE
was
were
was
was
was
were
were
were
i was asleep
you were asleep
he was asleep
she was asleep
it was asleep
we were asleep
you were asleep
they were asleep
• Future prediction: The sun
AFFIRMATIVE
(POSITIVE)
S + WILL + V
- Fella will travel to
India next year.
at 7 AM
NEGATIVE
INTTEROGATIVE
(QUESTION)
S + WILL + NOT + V
WILL + S + V
- Fella will not travel to - Will Fella travel to
India next year
India next year
EXERCISE
• I (help) you with your homework.
• You
give me a hand?
•I
(not) go!
ANSWERS
PRESENT CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE)
AFFIRMATIVE
(POSITIVE)
S + TO BE IN PRESENT +
V + ING (GERUND)
- Fella is opening the
door
NEGATIVE
S + TO BE IN PRESENT +
NOT + V + ING (GERUND)
- Fella is not opening the
door
INTERROGATIVE
(QUESTION)
TO BE IN PRESENT + S
+ V + ING (GERUND)
- Is Fella opening the
door?
EXERCISE
• 1) (he / meet his friend tonight)
• 2) (we / not / watch TV at the moment)
• 3) ( you/ sleep/ ?)
Answers
• 1) (he / meet his friend tonight)
.2) (we / not / watch TV at the moment)
3) ( you/ sleep/ ?)
• Two actions interrupted at a specific moment:
AFFIRMATIVE
(POSITIVE)
S + TO BE IN THE
PAST(was/were) +
V + ING (GERUND)
- Fella was
sleeping
NEGATIVE
when we went out.
INTERROGATIV
QUESTION)
S + TO BE IN THE PAST
TO BE IN THE
( was/were) + NOT + V + PAST (was/were)
ING (GERUND)
+ S + V + ING
- Fella was not sleeping (GERUND)
- Was Fella
sleeping?
Exercise
• 1) Julie
• You
• The dogs
(sleep) at three o'clock.
(study) at three o'clock?.
(not/play) outside when the murder happened.
ANSWERS
• Julie
• The
at three o'clock.
at three o'clock?.
outside when the murder happened.
• Unspecified time before now. The exact time is not important: we have talked
many times. ( not specified: how many times?)
• An action began in the past and continued to the present time: he has grown
impatient over the last hour.
AFFIRMATIVE
(POSITIVE)
S + HAVE/HAS +
PAST PARTICIPLE
- They have written
many books before
Fella has written
many books before
NEGATIVE
INTERROGATIVE
(QUESTION)
S + HAVE/HAS +
HAVE/HAS + S +
NOT + PAST
PAST PARTICIPLE
PARTICIPLE
- have they written
- They have not
many books before?
written many books - Has Fella written
before
many books before?
- Fella has not
written many books
before
EXERCISE
• 1) (I / study / English)
• 2) (She / not / see / The Lord of the Rings)
• 1) (You / read / War and Peace)?
ANSWERS
• 1) (I / study / English)
i have studied English
• 2) (She / not / see / The Lord of the Rings)
She hasn't seen The Lord of the Rings.
• 1) (You / read / War and Peace)?
Have you read War and Peace?
• Action finished before another past action.
• We usually use the past perfect to make it clear which action happened first.
AFFIRMATIVE
NEGATIVE
(POSITIVE)
S + HAD + PAST
S + HAD + NOT +
PARTICIPLE
PAST PARTICIPLE
- The film had started - The film had not
started
INTERROGATIVE
(QUESTION)
HAD + S + PAST
PARTICIPLE
- Had not the film
started
EXERCISE
. When I arrived at the cinema, the film
(start).
• The grass was yellow because it
(not/rain) all summer.
• She
(live) in China before she went to Thailand?
ANSWERS
had started.
it had not rain
• Had she lived
.