International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD)
Volume 4 Issue 5, July-August 2020 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470
Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of
Exhaust Heat Exchanger for TED
Abhimanyu Pal1, N. V. Saxena2
1Research
Scholar, 2Assistant Professor,
1,2Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
Lately with the headway of thermo-electric materials, direct change of warmth
vitality into electrical vitality gets conceivable. Thermoelectric innovation is
utilized for recuperating heat vitality loses from motor fumes gases. The force
produced by thermoelectric innovation is called as thermoelectric force. In
thermo-electric force age a fumes heat exchanger is utilized for recouping
exhaust heat and a thermo-electric module is utilized for changing over
warmth into power. The current examination was expected to improve the
structure of fumes heat exchanger by expelling inside blades and changing the
cross-sectional region of warmth exchanger to conquer issue of weight drop.
The structures of fumes heat exchangers considered in the past exploration
works recouped most extreme warmth from the fumes of a motor However
issue of weight drop or back weight was watched affecting motor execution
and working. Higher back weight can break down and harm motor bringing
about stoppage of motor working. Computational liquid elements (CFD) was
utilized in the recreation of the fumes gases streaming inside the warmth
exchanger. The isothermal displaying strategy was utilized in recreation
procedure of the warmth exchanger. The warm reenactment is done on heat
exchanger to check the surface temperature, heat move rate, and weight drop
in three distinctive test conditions (urban driving, rural driving and max.
power driving) of a vehicle with 1.2 L petroleum motor. Rectangular molded
warmth exchanger was utilized in ventilation system of interior burning
motor (ICE) is demonstrated numerically to recoup the lost warmth from
motor fumes. The examination uncovered that Rectangular molded warmth
exchanger with progressively expanding cross sectional region limited weight
drop and achieves higher temperature and warmth move rate at the surface.
The mean surface temperatures acquired after CFD examination are 459K,
555K, and 791K for the three test conditions. The weight drop for the three
test conditions are 24.14 Pa, 182.5 Pa and 5.413 Kpa and that is inside as far as
possible.
How to cite this paper: Abhimanyu Pal |
N. V. Saxena "Computational Fluid
Dynamics Analysis of Exhaust Heat
Exchanger for TED" Published in
International Journal
of Trend in Scientific
Research
and
Development (ijtsrd),
ISSN:
2456-6470,
Volume-4 | Issue-5,
August 2020, pp.816IJTSRD33006
821,
URL:
www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33006.pdf
Copyright © 2020 by author(s) and
International Journal of Trend in Scientific
Research and Development Journal. This
is an Open Access article distributed
under the terms of
the
Creative
Commons Attribution
License
(CC
BY
4.0)
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by
/4.0)
KEYWORDS: Exhaust gases, waste heat recovery, Thermo-Electric power, Exhaust
Heat Exchanger, Thermo-Electric module
1. INTRODUCTION
In the present situation there are loads of issue with respect
to vitality emergency and warm administration. The motor
fumes the board is the significant subject of conversation for
car ventures as of late and in Internal burning motors, loads
of warmth is squandered as fumes gases and out of the
absolute warmth vitality provided to the motor ignition
chamber as fuel roughly 30-40% is been changed over into
valuable work and the staying one is ousted as fumes gases
and this fumes gases contains a ton of warmth that can be
recouped by utilizing a waste warmth recuperation
framework. The temperature of the fumes gases after the
exhaust system is between 300-600ºcentigrade. Thermoelectric innovation assumes a crucial job in producing
electrical force from heat, temperature contrasts and
temperature inclinations. Thermo-electric force generators
are little with no moving parts and they are generally
productive at these temperatures so they are goals in such
applications.
@ IJTSRD
|
Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD33006
|
In following fig the fuel vitality conveyance after ignition in
gas motor is appeared. About 40% of the warm vitality of the
fuel infused to an IC motor is dismissed as fumes gases as
waste warmth. When contrasted with heat dismissed
through coolant and greasing up oil a great deal of warmth is
ousted through fumes gases at extremely high temperatures.
In autos, large and overwhelming alternators are associated
with the motors so as to fulfill the expanding electrical needs
of various embellishments. An alternator which works at a
productivity of 50 to 62% devours around 1 to 5% of the
evaluated motor work yield. On the off chance that around
6% of waste warmth can be used from the motors fumes, it
can satisfy the electrical necessities of our cars and it would
have been conceivable to diminish the fuel utilizations about
10%. Along these lines a thermo-electric generator (TEG)
can be utilized for changing over vitality from exhaust heat.
TEG is like a warmth motor which is utilized believer the
warmth vitality into electrical vitality and it essentially deals
Volume – 4 | Issue – 5
|
July-August 2020
Page 816
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
with the rule of Seebeck impact. In addition TEGs are natural
benevolent, exceptionally dependable, work easily and
discreetly, requires less support.
Figure 1 Fuel Energy Distribution of Gasoline Engine.
2. LITERATURE SURVEY
G. Murali , G. Vikram (2019)[1] - CFD models having strong field, liquid field and strong liquid field mix are produced for
various warmth exchangers profile to animate disturbance and temperature forms working at same condition. Contrasting four
distinctive warmth exchangers, the sequential plate has high pace of warmth move contrasted and other warmth exchangers.
Sequential plate heat exchanger pushes the fumes gases to stream in reverse by going through puzzles expanding the pace of
warmth move at the outside of warmth exchanger and expanding issue of weight drop.
P M Meena (PhD-IITB) et al (2018)[2] - A hypothetical model of TEG will can be made dependent on thermodynamic
hypothesis, semiconductor thermoelectric hypothesis, and law of protection of vitality, the conditions of intensity yield and
flow of thermoelectric generator (TEG). As indicated by the examination the force yield per unit region is free of the thermo
legs and of their cross sectional territory. The force yield is max. at a specific thermocouple length and relies upon different
boundaries. Consequently to improve the presentation of TEGs by changing the boundaries and plan procedure.
Rohan mathai chandy et al (2018)[3] - In this work a round warmth exchanger with blades connected with the TEGs for
recuperating waste warmth from a vehicle exhaust pipe is broke down by performing CFD investigation. As the temperature
builds voltage created likewise expanded as voltage is corresponding to the temperature contrast. It is investigated that the
warmth exchanger connected among suppressor and exhaust system gives progressively uniform stream appropriation, lower
back weight, and higher surface temperature.
P. Mohamed Shameer et al (2017)[4] - In this examination work TEG is manufactured for a bike silencer. The presentation of
the motor won't be influenced on the grounds that lone the surface warmth of the silencer is drawn out. The primary point of
this examination is to move the surface fumes warmth to maintain a strategic distance from the mishaps (Burn-outs) brought
about by the overheated silencers, and to move the recouped warmth to helpful electric vitality. The yield could be expanded by
interfacing TEGs in arrangement, with the goal that the voltage gets included prompting expanded force. The vitality created
from this framework is used in controlling any helper gadgets in a vehicle legitimately or it could be put away in a battery and
afterward utilized later.
3. PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
A. As appeared by the writing audit, numerous analyses have been performed and models have been created to assess the
presentation and plausibility of fumes heat exchangers for Thermo-electric force age. In light of the work and results from
these tests and models, the accompanying perceptions are made:
B. There is a need of advancing fumes heat exchanger for expanding the proficiency of thermoelectric force age.
C. The Internal balances utilized in the fumes heat exchanger builds heat move rate however at the same time expands
pressure drop which creates back weight that can weaken motor execution.
D. Due to high weight drop there is an impediment of warmth exchanger to work under fast driving conditions.
4. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
The writing survey shows that the structures of Exhaust heat exchangers are not attempting to their ideal productivity due to
the disadvantage of weight drop.
 The fundamental destinations of present examination work are as per the following: Optimizing the rectangular fumes heat exchanger configuration to conquer the issue of weight drop.
 CFD investigation to examine impact of upgrading the fumes heat exchanger.
 Calculating the force created by Thermo-electric generator module.
5. METHODOLOGY
By applying speculations of warm convection and violent stream, the three-dimensional model of rectangular warmth
exchanger is changed by giving another plan. The equation of convective warmth move Q = h A Δ T, shows that heat convection
increments by the warmth move region A. This is accomplished by giving an adequate conduction surface. Another
methodology is to expand the convective warmth move coefficient h. Hypothesis of liquid elements proposes that under the
state of Reynolds number Re >104, full scale violent liquid stream is a noteworthy factor for improving the pace of warmth
move. In addition, the more noteworthy the convective warmth move coefficient h, the better the pace of warmth moves. The
warm obstruction of fierce progression of convection generally exists in the limit layer. More alliance between the temperature
field and speed field, greater improvement in the pace of warmth move. As indicated by both the speculations referenced over,
@ IJTSRD
|
Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD33006
|
Volume – 4 | Issue – 5
|
July-August 2020
Page 817
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
the pace of warmth move can be expanded by including tempestuous gadgets or adjusting the geometry to build the liquid
choppiness and harm the liquid limit layer.
The warmth exchangers comprised of aluminum have gulf and outlet complex breadths as 80mm, the zone at channel as
110x110mm and at the outlet 165x165mm. The divider thickness is about 5mm. From delta of the warmth exchanger the cross
segment is seen as expanding progressively to the outlet, which gives smooth communication of the fumes gas with the
exchanger dividers. This causes the high temperature fumes gas to diffuse in the whole parallel zone as opposed to gathering in
the focal area. Three dimensional perspectives and cross sectional perspective on the warmth exchangers are appeared in Fig.2.
Figure 2: Three Dimensional View and Cross Sectional View of Rectangular Heat Exchanger.
Figure 3: Meshing of Rectangular heat exchanger.
6. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
The temperature shapes shows that the fumes heat exchanger accomplishes surface mean temperature of 459K for urban
driving cycle in fig 4, 555K for sub urban driving cycle in fig 5.3 and 791 K for greatest force driving cycle in fig 5. The chart in
the fig 5, 6, 7 shows the variety of temperature along the length at a consistent rate for the three driving conditions.
Figure 5: Surface Temperature contour of rectangular heat exchanger for urban driving cycle condition.
@ IJTSRD
|
Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD33006
|
Volume – 4 | Issue – 5
|
July-August 2020
Page 818
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
TEMPERATURE ˚K
565
545
525
505
485
465
445
425
405
385
0
LENGTH (m)
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
Figure 6: Surface Temperature Graph for Urban Driving Condition.
Figure 7: Surface Temperature contour of rectangular heat exchanger for sub urban driving cycle condition.
TEMPERATURE ˚K
TEMPERATURE GRAPH
665
645
625
605
585
565
545
525
505
485
LENGTH
(m) 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
0
0.1
0.2
Figure 8: Surface Temperature Graph for Sub Urban Driving Condition.
@ IJTSRD
|
Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD33006
|
Volume – 4 | Issue – 5
|
July-August 2020
Page 819
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
TEMPERATURE ˚K
Figure 9: Surface Temperature contour of rectangular heat exchanger for Max. Power driving cycle condition.
LENGTH (m)
Figure 10: Surface Temperature Graph Max. Power Driving Condition.
The Fig.5, Fig.6, and Fig.7 show the temperature circulation upon the warmth exchanger surface. From the reenactment it very
well may be plainly observed that the rectangular warmth exchanger can give a uniform temperature appropriation, closer to
the isothermal model methodology.
7. CONCLUSIONS
In this examination rectangular formed fumes heat
exchanger is demonstrated and enhanced utilizing PRO-E
Software. The computational liquid elements (CFD)
examination of the models was finished utilizing ANSYS V.14
FLUENT. The stream in the warmth exchanger was viewed
as insecure and tempestuous and conventional divider law
was applied. The administering conditions were settled by
giving cycles with basic calculation. The weight, speed
shapes and temperature circulation of the model are
acquired in the wake of applying and fathoming the limit
esteem conditions on CFD.
CFD examination results uncovered that the plan
streamlining of fumes heat exchanger has noteworthy
impact on power created limit by TEG module. The
@ IJTSRD
|
Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD33006
|
temperature forms s*hows that the surface temperature
achieved in rectangular molded fumes heat exchanger with
progressively expanding cross sectional zone is uniform and
better when contrasted with the past models. The improved
rectangular fumes heat exchanger configuration gives mean
surface temperature of 459K for urban driving cycle, 555K
for sub urban driving cycle and 791 K for most extreme force
driving cycle. By expelling the inside balances from the
fumes heat exchanger the weight drop is decreased. The
weight inclination is uniform all through with ostensible
weight drop of 24.15 Pa for urban driving cycle, 182.5 Pa for
sub urban driving cycle, 5.413 Kpa for most extreme force
driving cycle. From the speed form it is extremely evident
that in rectangular molded TEG the fumes is circulated
consistently over the profile. The warmth move rate has
been expanded as appeared by divider heat motion shapes.
Volume – 4 | Issue – 5
|
July-August 2020
Page 820
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
The determined force produced by TEG module ranges from
0.5 watt to 5.6 watt. Subsequently, it prompted the end that
rectangular molded fumes exchanger could be utilized for
thermoelectric force age.
8. SCOPE OF FUTURE WORKS
In proposed philosophy, devoted innovative work is
required for tackling the issue of vitality emergency for
power age. And furthermore chip away at raising
advancements by which we increment the pace of intensity
age. More innovative work required in the segment of cost
enhancement in the field of TEG. In future investigation, the
technique for recreation displaying with infrared trial check
should be joined with heat move hypothesis and material
science to serve for additional auxiliary structure and
streamlining of Exhaust heat exchanger, in order to improve
the general fumes heat usage and upgrade the force age.
More examination work is required on raising innovations
by which we increment the pace of intensity age. More
innovative work required in the area of structure and cost
enhancement in the field of TEG. Innovation would have the
option to improve the proficiency of the thermoelectric
generators and we should work for improving the
temperature of the hot side so we would get more force. This
innovation will be advantageous for India as we are
confronting the issue of vitality emergency and issue of a
worldwide temperature alteration. The examination work
could be proceeded with further to concentrate how thermoelectric innovation influences the fuel utilization rate and the
other monetary parts of utilizing this innovation.
REFERENCES
[1] G. Murali , G. Vikram et al, A Study on Performance
Enhancement of Heat Exchanger in Thermoelectric
Generator using CFD, IJIRST –International Journal for
Innovative Research in Science & Technology, ISSN:
2349-6010, Volume 2 Issue 10 , March-2019.
[2] Krishna Purohit, P M Meena (PhD-IITB) et al, Review
Paper on Optimizations of Thermoelectric System,
International Journal of Innovative Research in
Engineering & Management (IJIREM), ISSN: 23500557, Volume-3, Issue-4, July-2018.
[3] Rohan mathai chandy, Rakesh rajeev et al, Design and
analysis of heat exchanger for automotive basesd
exhaust thermoelectric generators, IJIRST –
International Journal for Innovative Research in
Science & Technology, ISSN: 2349-6010, Volume 1
Issue 11 , April-2017.
[4] Sugantha priya D, Varatharaj M, Thermoelectric power
generator by recovering heat from engine exhaust,
International Journal of research in Mechanical
Engineering (IJRME), ISSN-2349-3860, Volume 2 Issue
03, March-2015.
@ IJTSRD
|
Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD33006
|
[5] P. Mohamed Shameer, D. Christopher, Design of
Exhaust Heat Recovery Power Generation System
Using Thermo-Electric Generator, International Journal
of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN: 2319-7064,
Volume 4 Issue 1, January 2015
[6] Shengqiang Bai, HongliangLu et al, Numerical and
experimental analysis for exhaust heat exchangers in
automobile thermoelectric generators, journal
homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/csite, ISSN: 99–
112, Issue 4, 2014.
[7] Dipak Patil, Dr. R. R. Arakerimath et al, A Review of
Thermoelectric Generator for Waste Heat Recovery
from Engine Exhaust, International Journal Of Research
In Aeronautical And Mechanical Engineering, ISSN:
2321-3051, Issue.8 Vol.1, December 2013
[8] Hazli Rafis, Hamidon A.H et al, Design of DC-DC boost
converter with thermoelectric power source,
International Journal of Advanced Research in
Electrical,
Electronics
and
Instrumentation
Engineering, ISSN: 2278 – 8875, Vol. 2 Issue 9,
September 2013.
[9] Olle Högblom and Ronnie Andersson CFD Modeling of
Thermoelectric Generators in Automotive EGR-coolers,
International European conference for thermoelectrics,
ISSN-497-500, 2012.
[10] C. Ramesh Kumar, Ankit Sonthalia and Rahul Goel,
Experimental Study on Waste Heat Recovery from an
IC Engine Using Thermoelectric Technology, Center of
Excellence for Automotive Research, VIT University,
2011.
[11] Karri, M. A., Thacher, E. F., and Helenbrook B. T.,
Exhaust energy conversion by thermoelectric
generator: two case studies, Energy Conversion and
Management, in press, 2010.
[12] Moran, M. J. and Shapiro, H. N., Fundamentals of
Engineering Thermodynamics, Fifth Edition. John
Wiley & Sons Inc., 2006.
[13]
Lee, P-S., Garimella, S. V., and Liu, D, Investigation of
heat transfer in rectangular microchannels,
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,
Volume 48, 2005.
[14] DOE award DE-FC26-03NT41974, Hi-Z Technology,
Inc., San Diego, California, January, 2004. Kusch, A. Hi
Technology, Inc., personal communication, 2005.
[15] Douglas T. Crane and Gregory S. Jackson, Optimization
of Cross Flow Heat Exchangers for Thermoelectric
Waste Heat Recovery. Energy Conversion and
Management, 2004.
Volume – 4 | Issue – 5
|
July-August 2020
Page 821